- *G1458 *7 ἐγκαλέω (eng-kal-eh'-o) : from G1722 and G2564; to call in (as a debt or demand), i.e. bring to account (charge, criminate, etc.):--accuse, call in question, implead, lay to the charge.
- εγκαλουμαι *2
- Acts 26:2 ... touching all the things whereof I am accused of the Jews:
- Acts 26:7 ... hope's sake, king Agrippa, I am accused of the Jews.
- εγκαλειτωσαν
- Acts 19:38 ... and there are deputies: let them implead one another.
- εγκαλεισθαι
- Acts 19:40 For we are in danger to be called in question for this day's uproar, ...
- ενεκαλουν
- Acts 23:28 ... have known the cause wherefore they accused him, I brought him ...
- εγκαλουμενον
- Acts 23:29 Whom I perceived to be accused of questions of their ...
- εγκαλεσει
- Romans 8:33 Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God's elect? It is God that justifieth.
19. Romans 8:33 Greek word order
Romans 8:33 Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God's elect? It is God that justifieth. [kjv]
τις εγκαλεσει κατα εκλεκτων θεου θεος ο δικαιων [gnt]
[bad son flying a kite, credit card purchase]
The Greek word translated as
"charge" is the ancient Greek word
"ἐγκαλέω" ≈ "call in (a debt), bring a charge against, accuse".
The Greek word translated as "
justifieth" is that of "
righteousness".
Greek word order:
Who shall accuse against elect of God? God is the one that justifies.
The
KJV (King James Version) translation appears somewhat
contorted. So do other translations to some extent.
20. Romans 8:33 Translations
Romans 8:33 Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God's elect? It is God that justifieth. [kjv]
τις εγκαλεσει κατα εκλεκτων θεου θεος ο δικαιων [gnt]
NIV (New International Version):
Who will bring any charge against those whom God has chosen? It is God who justifies.
NLT (New Living Translation):
Who dares accuse us whom God has chosen for his own? No one—for God himself has given us right standing with himself.
Berean Literal Bible:
Who will bring an accusation against the elect of God? God is the One justifying.
Let us look at the context of this use of the word
"elect".
21. Romans 8:29-30
Romans 8:29 For whom he did foreknow, he also did predestinate to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brethren. [kjv]
οτι ους προεγνω και προωρισεν συμμορφους της εικονος του υιου αυτου εις το ειναι αυτον πρωτοτοκον εν πολλοις αδελφοις [gnt]
8:30 Moreover whom he did predestinate, them he also called: and whom he called, them he also justified: and whom he justified, them he also glorified. [kjv]
ους δε προωρισεν τουτους και εκαλεσεν και ους εκαλεσεν τουτους και εδικαιωσεν ους δε εδικαιωσεν τουτους και εδοξασεν [gnt]
Paul is saying that
"many" are
"called" and that these
"called" are "
justified" and the "
justified" are "
glorified".
What does Paul mean by "
glorified"? The Greek word comes from
intellectual "
opinion" and
not physical "
praise" or
appearance.
22. TULIP
The "
tulip mania" started in 1634 in Holland and then, just as suddenly, collapsed in early 1637. Today, the business term "
Tulip mania" is used to refer to any economic bubble that grows suddenly and then collapses.
Five points of
Calvinism regarding salvation, etc., had the acronym of
TULIP.
These points were solidified at the Synod of Dort (1618-1619) in the Netherlands (Holland), before the "
tulip mania" in Holland, and used to refute the teachings of Arminianism.
 |
T = Total depravity
U = Unconditional election
L = Limited atonement
I = Irresistible grace
P = Perseverance of the saints
|
23. Romans 8:29
KJV: For whom he did foreknow, he also did predestinate to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brethren.
Greek: οτι ους προεγνω και προωρισεν συμμορφους της εικονος του υιου αυτου εις το ειναι αυτον πρωτοτοκον εν πολλοις αδελφοις
24. Romans 8:30
KJV: Moreover whom he did predestinate, them he also called: and whom he called, them he also justified: and whom he justified, them he also glorified.
Greek: ους δε προωρισεν τουτους και εκαλεσεν και ους εκαλεσεν τουτους και εδικαιωσεν ους δε εδικαιωσεν τουτους και εδοξασεν
25. Romans 8:31 Connecting ups and downs
26. Romans 8:31-34 Elected context
Romans 8:31 What shall we then say to these things? If God be for us, who can be against us? [kjv]
8:32 He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all, how shall he not with him also freely give us all things? [kjv]
8:33 Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God's elect? It is God that justifieth. [kjv]
8:34 Who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died, yea rather, that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us. [kjv]
Can the
"elect" be taken in a
not good sense as used by Jesus?
8:31 Who is "down" (literally and in the text) on us?
8:32 Who will give use "freely"?
8:32: Who should "accuse" "against" the not good "elect"? It is God that "justifieth".
8:32: Who is he that "condemns" (the not good "elect")? It is Christ that died and is risen.
27. Romans 8:33
KJV: Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God's elect? It is God that justifieth.
Greek: τις εγκαλεσει κατα εκλεκτων θεου θεος ο δικαιων
28. Romans 8:34
KJV: Who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died, yea rather, that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us.
Greek: τις ο κατακρινων χριστος ιησους ο αποθανων μαλλον δε και εγερθεις εκ νεκρων ος και εστιν εν δεξια του θεου ος και εντυγχανει υπερ ημων
29. Romans 8:32
KJV: He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all, how shall he not with him also freely give us all things?
Greek: ος γε του ιδιου υιου ουκ εφεισατο αλλ αλλα υπερ ημων παντων παρεδωκεν αυτον πως ουχι και συν αυτω τα παντα ημιν χαρισεται
30. Romans 12:19 Vengeance
Romans 12:19 Dearly beloved, avenge not yourselves, but rather give place unto wrath: for it is written, Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord. [kjv]
μη εαυτους εκδικουντες αγαπητοι αλλα δοτε τοπον τη οργη γεγραπται γαρ εμοι εκδικησις εγω ανταποδωσω λεγει κυριος [gnt]
Since ancient times, there have always been those who "
mourn" for the loss of loved ones, etc. After the arrival of the "
Holy Spirit" and the resulting persecutions of Christians by the Romans, there were many believers and survivors that "
mourned" in those days.
How will those believers and survivors who were persecuted for their beliefs be "
comforted"? Whenever we are wronged unjustly, we are not to take
vengeance. That is, "
suffer" as in being "
passive".
Some would say we are to turn the other cheek but that verse appears to refer to something else.
31. Meaning determination
Salute Rufus X in the Lord, and his mother and mine.
Consider the above text. Which choice is closest to the meaning/sentiment of
X?
good (positive)
not good (negative)
ambiguous (could be either)
none of these fit
32. Romans 16:13 Red flag election
Romans 16:13 Salute Rufus chosen in the Lord, and his mother and mine. [kjv]
ασπασασθε ρουφον τον εκλεκτον εν κυριω και την μητερα αυτου και εμου [gnt]
The Latin word
"Rufus" ≈ "Rufus" as a person's name comes the ancient Greek word
"Ῥοῦφος" ≈ "Rufus" which is often a nickname or name given to someone with
"red" hair.
Paul would not embarrass anyone. Perhaps "
Rufus" is a code name where some, but not all, would know to whom he refers.
Does Paul call
"Rufus" "elect" for a
good or
not good reason?
What might be the message in a refrigerated magnet sermon on
"Rufus"?
33. Romans 16:13
Romans 16:13 Salute Rufus chosen in the Lord, and his mother and mine. [kjv]
ασπασασθε ρουφον τον εκλεκτον εν κυριω και την μητερα αυτου και εμου [gnt]
Google AI: (as of 2025-07-15)
Overview: This verse highlights the themes of divine election and familial love within the early Christian community.
Elaboration: "Chosen in the Lord": This phrase emphasizes the concept of election, a core theological idea in Paul's writings, suggesting that Rufus's position in the faith was not accidental but divinely chosen.
34. Romans 16:13
Romans 16:13 Salute Rufus chosen in the Lord, and his mother and mine. [kjv]
ασπασασθε ρουφον τον εκλεκτον εν κυριω και την μητερα αυτου και εμου [gnt]
 |
Verses 1-15
25 people called
2 apostles called
some saints called
3 households called
1 chosen - Rufus
|
For 15 verses in Romans 16, Paul enumerates a long list of people. Only
one, as in
"few", is
"chosen", as in
"Rufus", meaning
"red" in Latin.
Might Paul mean this is a
good or
not good sense? Are
all the
"many" of the
others not "chosen"? This includes several that Paul calls "
apostles".
35. Romans 16:13
KJV: Salute Rufus chosen in the Lord, and his mother and mine.
Greek: ασπασασθε ρουφον τον εκλεκτον εν κυριω και την μητερα αυτου και εμου
Latin: salutate Rufum electum in Domino et matrem eius et meam
36. John Chrysostom
Romans 16:7 Salute Andronicus and Junia, my kinsmen, and my fellowprisoners, who are of note among the apostles, who also were in Christ before me. [kjv]
In the early church history,
John Chrysostom (347-407), archbishop of Constantinople, wrote the following concerning
Junia.
Was Junia one of the
"chosen" "elect"?
“Greet Andronicus and Junia . . . who are outstanding among the apostles”: To be an apostle is something great. But to be outstanding among the apostles— just think what a wonderful song of praise that is! They were outstanding on the basis of their works and virtuous actions. Indeed, how great the wisdom of this woman must have been that she was even deemed worthy of the title of apostle. Wikipedia
37. Meaning determination
Where there is neither Greek nor Jew, circumcision nor uncircumcision, Barbarian, Scythian, bond nor free: but Christ is all, and in all.
Put on therefore, as the X of God, holy and beloved, bowels of mercies, kindness, humbleness of mind, meekness, longsuffering;
Forbearing one another, and forgiving one another, if any man have a quarrel against any: even as Christ forgave you, so also do ye.
Consider the above text. Which choice is closest to the meaning/sentiment of
X?
good (positive)
not good (negative)
ambiguous (could be either)
none of these fit
38. Colossians 3:12,18 Submitting to the chosen elect
Colossians 3:12 Put on therefore, as the elect of God, holy and beloved, bowels of mercies, kindness, humbleness of mind, meekness, longsuffering; [kjv]
ενδυσασθε ουν ως εκλεκτοι του θεου αγιοι και ηγαπημενοι σπλαγχνα οικτιρμου χρηστοτητα ταπεινοφροσυνην πραυτητα μακροθυμιαν [gnt]
From this verse, is it
good or
not good to be an
"elect" of God? Does not Paul know that the "
elect", as used by Jesus, is
not good? There are
many theological and logical issues with Colossians. Might Paul
not have written Colossians? Here is one such verse.
A few verses later, the author of Colossians writes the following.
3:18 Wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands, as it is fit in the Lord. [kjv]
αι γυναικες υποτασσεσθε τοις ανδρασιν ως ανηκεν εν κυριω [gnt]
39. 1 Thessalonians 1:4
1 Thessalonians 1:4 Knowing, brethren beloved, your election of God. [kjv]
ειδοτες αδελφοι ηγαπημενοι υπο του θεου την εκλογην υμων [gnt]
The Greek word translated as "
knowing" is that of "
seeing" with
understanding.
What does this verse say about
"election"?
☐ The
"election" of you of God.
☐ The
"election" of God by you.
Might Paul have not written 1 Thessalonians? The idea of the
rapture of the
elect comes from chapter 4.
40. 1 Thessalonians 4:16-17 Rapture
1 Thessalonians 4:16 For the Lord himself shall descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trump of God: and the dead in Christ shall rise first: [kjv]
οτι αυτος ο κυριος εν κελευσματι εν φωνη αρχαγγελου και εν σαλπιγγι θεου καταβησεται απ ουρανου και οι νεκροι εν χριστω αναστησονται πρωτον [gnt]
4:17 Then we which are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air: and so shall we ever be with the Lord. [kjv]
επειτα ημεις οι ζωντες οι περιλειπομενοι αμα συν αυτοις αρπαγησομεθα εν νεφελαις εις απαντησιν του κυριου εις αερα και ουτως παντοτε συν κυριω εσομεθα [gnt]
The English word
"harpoon" comes from a Greek word meaning
"snatching up" and is the word used for what is called the
"Rapture".
The author assumes that the
"elect" are good and not bad. Perhaps Paul did not write 1 Thessalonians.
41. Meaning determination
Them that sin rebuke before all, that others also may fear.
I charge thee before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, and the X angels, that thou observe these things without preferring one before another, doing nothing by partiality.
Lay hands suddenly on no man, neither be partaker of other men's sins: keep thyself pure.
Consider the above text. Which choice is closest to the meaning/sentiment of
X?
good (positive)
not good (negative)
ambiguous (could be either)
none of these fit
42. 1 Timothy 5:21
1 Timothy 5:21 I charge thee before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, and the elect angels, that thou observe these things without preferring one before another, doing nothing by partiality. [kjv]
διαμαρτυρομαι ενωπιον του θεου και χριστου ιησου και των εκλεκτων αγγελων ινα ταυτα φυλαξης χωρις προκριματος μηδεν ποιων κατα προσκλισιν [gnt]
This sounds like Paul is asking Timothy to take an "
oath". Jesus says specifically not to do this in the Sermon on the Mount. Why might Paul be asking Timothy to do this?
From this verse, are the
"chosen" and
"elect" "
angels"
good or
not good? 1 Timothy has many theological and logical issues. Might Paul not have written 1 Timothy?
43. 1 Timothy 2:11-12
1 Timothy 2:11 Let the woman learn in silence with all subjection. [kjv]
γυνη εν ησυχια μανθανετω εν παση υποταγη [gnt]
How easy is it to "
learn" when one is in "
subjection"?
2:12 But I suffer not a woman to teach, nor to usurp authority over the man, but to be in silence. [kjv]
διδασκειν δε γυναικι ουκ επιτρεπω ουδε αυθεντειν ανδρος αλλ ειναι εν ησυχια [gnt]
Obviously the author means that men can "
teach" and
not women. Does it also mean that men can "
usurp authority" over other men?
44. Acts 16:14
Acts 16:14 And a certain woman named Lydia, a seller of purple, of the city of Thyatira, which worshipped God, heard us: whose heart the Lord opened, that she attended unto the things which were spoken of Paul. [kjv]
και τις γυνη ονοματι λυδια πορφυροπωλις πολεως θυατειρων σεβομενη τον θεον ηκουεν ης ο κυριος διηνοιξεν την καρδιαν προσεχειν τοις λαλουμενοις υπο παυλου [gnt]
Thyatira is one of the seven churches to which Jesus writes in Revelation.
The ancient Greek word
"πορφύρα" ≈ "purple".
Lydia, the seller of purple (i.e., cloth) is only mentioned in Acts 16:14. This was the expensive
"purple" cloth. Three hundred years later, only royalty were allow to wear this color.
At one time, there were (at least) two womens dress shops on Market Street in Elizabethtown. What were the names?
The Gladele Shop and the Grace Blough Shop.
45. Dress shops
46. 1 Timothy 2:9 Adornments
1 Timothy 2:9 In like manner also, that women adorn themselves in modest apparel, with shamefacedness and sobriety; not with broided hair, or gold, or pearls, or costly array; [kjv]
ωσαυτως γυναικας εν καταστολη κοσμιω μετα αιδους και σωφροσυνης κοσμειν εαυτας μη εν πλεγμασιν και χρυσιω η μαργαριταις η ιματισμω πολυτελει [gnt]
Here we have a list of very specific requirements. How is what is said here "
in like manner" to the previous verse?
In the previous verse, one should make a show to everyone of "
lifting" "
hands". Here, the appearance of woman is restricted. There is no such restriction for men. Why might this be?
Lydia was a seller of
expensive purple. Would Lydia wear what she was selling as an example? Would this not be permitted by Paul?
47. Meaning determination
Where in I suffer trouble, as an evil doer, even unto bonds; but the word of God is not bound.
Therefore I endure all things for the X sakes, that they may also obtain the salvation which is in Christ Jesus with eternal glory.
It is a faithful saying: For if we be dead with him, we shall also live with him:
Consider the above text. Which choice is closest to the meaning/sentiment of
X?
good (positive)
not good (negative)
ambiguous (could be either)
none of these fit
48. 2 Timothy 2:10 Chosen elect
2 Timothy 2:10 Therefore I endure all things for the elect's sakes, that they may also obtain the salvation which is in Christ Jesus with eternal glory. [kjv]
δια τουτο παντα υπομενω δια τους εκλεκτους ινα και αυτοι σωτηριας τυχωσιν της εν χριστω ιησου μετα δοξης αιωνιου [gnt]
The Greek word translated as "
for" (positive connotation) is that of "
through" or "
by" (negative connotation).
From this verse, is it good or not good to be an
"elect" of God?
49. Meaning determination
Paul, a servant of God, and an apostle of Jesus Christ, according to the faith of God's X , and the acknowledging of the truth which is after godliness;
Consider the above text. Which choice is closest to the meaning/sentiment of
X?
good (positive)
not good (negative)
ambiguous (could be either)
none of these fit
50. Titus 1:1,4 Chosen elect
Titus 1:1 Paul, a servant of God, and an apostle of Jesus Christ, according to the faith of God's elect, and the acknowledging of the truth which is after godliness; [kjv]
παυλος δουλος θεου αποστολος δε ιησου χριστου κατα πιστιν εκλεκτων θεου και επιγνωσιν αληθειας της κατ ευσεβειαν [gnt]
1:4 To Titus, mine own son after the common faith: Grace, mercy, and peace, from God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ our Saviour. [kjv]
From this verse, is it
good or
not good to be an
"elect" of God?
51. Meaning determination
Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the X scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia,
X according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, through sanctification of the Spirit, unto obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ: Grace unto you, and peace, be multiplied.
Consider the above text. Which choice is closest to the meaning/sentiment of
X?
good (positive)
not good (negative)
ambiguous (could be either)
none of these fit
52. Elect in 1 Peter
1 Peter 1:1 Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the strangers scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, [kjv]
πετρος αποστολος ιησου χριστου εκλεκτοις παρεπιδημοις διασπορας ποντου γαλατιας καππαδοκιας ασιας και βιθυνιας [gnt]
1:2 Elect according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, through sanctification of the Spirit, unto obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ: Grace unto you, and peace, be multiplied. [kjv]
κατα προγνωσιν θεου πατρος εν αγιασμω πνευματος εις υπακοην και ραντισμον αιματος ιησου χριστου χαρις υμιν και ειρηνη πληθυνθειη [gnt]
The
KJV translates
"elect" as
"strangers". From this verse, is it good or not good to be an
"elect" of God? Might Peter
not have written 1 Peter?
3:1 Likewise, ye wives, be in subjection to your own husbands; that, if any obey not the word, they also may without the word be won by the conversation of the wives; [kjv]
ομοιως αι γυναικες υποτασσομεναι τοις ιδιοις ανδρασιν ινα ει τινες απειθουσιν τω λογω δια της των γυναικων αναστροφης ανευ λογου κερδηθησονται [gnt]
53. 1 Peter 3:1
KJV: Likewise, ye wives, be in subjection to your own husbands; that, if any obey not the word, they also may without the word be won by the conversation of the wives;
Greek: ομοιως αι γυναικες υποτασσομεναι τοις ιδιοις ανδρασιν ινα και ει τινες απειθουσιν τω λογω δια της των γυναικων αναστροφης ανευ λογου κερδηθησωνται κερδηθησονται
54. 1 Peter 1:1
KJV: Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the strangers scattered throughout Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia,
Greek: πετρος αποστολος ιησου χριστου εκλεκτοις παρεπιδημοις διασπορας ποντου γαλατιας καππαδοκιας ασιας και βιθυνιας
55. 1 Peter 1:2
KJV: Elect according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, through sanctification of the Spirit, unto obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ: Grace unto you, and peace, be multiplied.
Greek: κατα προγνωσιν θεου πατρος εν αγιασμω πνευματος εις υπακοην και ραντισμον αιματος ιησου χριστου χαρις υμιν και ειρηνη πληθυνθειη
56. Meaning determination
If so be ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious.
To whom coming, as unto a living stone, disallowed indeed of men, but X of God, and precious,
Ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ.
Consider the above text. Which choice is closest to the meaning/sentiment of
X?
good (positive)
not good (negative)
ambiguous (could be either)
none of these fit
57. 1 Peter 2:3-6 Precious chosen elect
1 Peter 2:3 If so be ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious. [kjv]
ει εγευσασθε οτι χρηστος ο κυριος [gnt]
2:4 To whom coming, as unto a living stone, disallowed indeed of men, but chosen of God, and precious, [kjv]
προς ον προσερχομενοι λιθον ζωντα υπο ανθρωπων μεν αποδεδοκιμασμενον παρα δε θεω εκλεκτον εντιμον [gnt]
2:5 Ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ. [kjv]
2:6 Wherefore also it is contained in the scripture, Behold, I lay in Sion a chief corner stone, elect, precious: and he that believeth on him shall not be confounded. [kjv]
Are the
"chosen" "elect" of God "
precious"?
From this verse, is it
good or
not good to be an
"elect" of God?
58. 1 Peter 2:3
KJV: If so be ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious.
Greek: ειπερ ει εγευσασθε οτι χρηστος ο κυριος
59. 1 Peter 2:4
KJV: To whom coming, as unto a living stone, disallowed indeed of men, but chosen of God, and precious,
Greek: προς ον προσερχομενοι λιθον ζωντα υπο ανθρωπων μεν αποδεδοκιμασμενον παρα δε θεω εκλεκτον εντιμον
60. 1 Peter 2:5
KJV: Ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ.
Greek: και αυτοι ως λιθοι ζωντες οικοδομεισθε οικος πνευματικος εις ιερατευμα αγιον ανενεγκαι πνευματικας θυσιας ευπροσδεκτους τω θεω δια ιησου χριστου
61. 1 Peter 2:6
KJV: Wherefore also it is contained in the scripture, Behold, I lay in Sion a chief corner stone, elect, precious: and he that believeth on him shall not be confounded.
Greek: διο και διοτι περιεχει εν τη γραφη ιδου τιθημι εν σιων λιθον ακρογωνιαιον εκλεκτον ακρογωνιαιον εντιμον και ο πιστευων επ αυτω ου μη καταισχυνθη
62. Meaning determination
And a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence, even to them which stumble at the word, being disobedient: whereunto also they were appointed.
But ye are a X generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people; that ye should shew forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light:
Which in time past were not a people, but are now the people of God: which had not obtained mercy, but now have obtained mercy.
Consider the above text. Which choice is closest to the meaning/sentiment of
X?
good (positive)
not good (negative)
ambiguous (could be either)
none of these fit
63. 1 Peter 2:7-10
1 Peter 2:7 Unto you therefore which believe he is precious: but unto them which be disobedient, the stone which the builders disallowed, the same is made the head of the corner, [kjv]
2:8 And a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence, even to them which stumble at the word, being disobedient: whereunto also they were appointed. [kjv]
2:9 But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people; that ye should shew forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light: [kjv]
υμεις δε γενος εκλεκτον βασιλειον ιερατευμα εθνος αγιον λαος εις περιποιησιν οπως τας αρετας εξαγγειλητε του εκ σκοτους υμας καλεσαντος εις το θαυμαστον αυτου φως [gnt]
2:10 Which in time past were not a people, but are now the people of God: which had not obtained mercy, but now have obtained mercy. [kjv]
From this verse, is it
good or
not good to be an
"elect" of God?
64. 1 Peter 2:10
KJV: Which in time past were not a people, but are now the people of God: which had not obtained mercy, but now have obtained mercy.
Greek: οι ποτε ου λαος νυν δε λαος θεου οι ουκ ηλεημενοι νυν δε ελεηθεντες
65. 1 Peter 2:7
KJV: Unto you therefore which believe he is precious: but unto them which be disobedient, the stone which the builders disallowed, the same is made the head of the corner,
Greek: υμιν ουν η τιμη τοις πιστευουσιν απειθουσιν απιστουσιν δε λιθον λιθος ον απεδοκιμασαν οι οικοδομουντες ουτος εγενηθη εις κεφαλην γωνιας
66. 1 Peter 2:8
KJV: And a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence, even to them which stumble at the word, being disobedient: whereunto also they were appointed.
Greek: και λιθος προσκομματος και πετρα σκανδαλου οι προσκοπτουσιν τω λογω απειθουντες εις ο και ετεθησαν
67. 1 Peter 2:9
KJV: But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people; that ye should shew forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light:
Greek: υμεις δε γενος εκλεκτον βασιλειον ιερατευμα εθνος αγιον λαος εις περιποιησιν οπως τας αρετας εξαγγειλητε του εκ σκοτους υμας καλεσαντος εις το θαυμαστον αυτου φως
68. Meaning determination
But he that lacketh these things is blind, and cannot see afar off, and hath forgotten that he was purged from his old sins.
Wherefore the rather, brethren, give diligence to make your calling and X sure: for if ye do these things, ye shall never fall:
For so an entrance shall be ministered unto you abundantly into the everlasting kingdom of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ.
Consider the above text. Which choice is closest to the meaning/sentiment of
X?
good (positive)
not good (negative)
ambiguous (could be either)
none of these fit
69. 2 Peter 1:9-11 Calling and selection
2 Peter 1:9 But he that lacketh these things is blind, and cannot see afar off, and hath forgotten that he was purged from his old sins. [kjv]
1:10 Wherefore the rather, brethren, give diligence to make your calling and election sure: for if ye do these things, ye shall never fall: [kjv]
διο μαλλον αδελφοι σπουδασατε βεβαιαν υμων την κλησιν και εκλογην ποιεισθαι ταυτα γαρ ποιουντες ου μη πταισητε ποτε [gnt]
1:11 For so an entrance shall be ministered unto you abundantly into the everlasting kingdom of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. [kjv]
Peter uses the words for
"calling" and
"election". From this verse, is it
good or
not good to make your
"election" sure?
This is a related but not the same Greek word as Jesus uses for
"elect" in a
not good sense.
70. 2 Peter 1:11
KJV: For so an entrance shall be ministered unto you abundantly into the everlasting kingdom of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ.
Greek: ουτως γαρ πλουσιως επιχορηγηθησεται υμιν η εισοδος εις την αιωνιον βασιλειαν του κυριου ημων και σωτηρος ιησου χριστου
71. 2 Peter 1:9
KJV: But he that lacketh these things is blind, and cannot see afar off, and hath forgotten that he was purged from his old sins.
Greek: ω γαρ μη παρεστιν ταυτα τυφλος εστιν μυωπαζων ληθην λαβων του καθαρισμου των παλαι αυτου αμαρτιων
72. 2 Peter 1:10
KJV: Wherefore the rather, brethren, give diligence to make your calling and election sure: for if ye do these things, ye shall never fall:
Greek: διο μαλλον αδελφοι σπουδασατε βεβαιαν υμων την κλησιν και εκλογην ποιεισθαι ταυτα γαρ ποιουντες ου μη πταισητε ποτε
Latin: quapropter fratres magis satagite ut per bona opera certam vestram vocationem et electionem faciatis haec enim facientes non peccabitis aliquando
Wycliffe: Wherfor, britheren, be ye more bisi, that by goode werkis ye make youre clepyng and chesyng certeyn;
73. Meaning determination
The elder unto the X lady and her children, whom I love in the truth; and not I only, but also all they that have known the truth;
The children of thy X sister greet thee. Amen.
Consider the above text. Which choice is closest to the meaning/sentiment of
X?
good (positive)
not good (negative)
ambiguous (could be either)
none of these fit
74. 2 John 1:1,13
2 John 1:1 The elder unto the elect lady and her children, whom I love in the truth; and not I only, but also all they that have known the truth; [kjv]
ο πρεσβυτερος εκλεκτη κυρια και τοις τεκνοις αυτης ους εγω αγαπω εν αληθεια και ουκ εγω μονος αλλα και παντες οι εγνωκοτες την αληθειαν [gnt]
1:13 The children of thy elect sister greet thee. Amen. [kjv]
ασπαζεται σε τα τεκνα της αδελφης σου της εκλεκτης [gnt]
From this verse, is the word
"elect" used in a
good or
not good way?
75. 2 John 1:1
KJV: The elder unto the elect lady and her children, whom I love in the truth; and not I only, but also all they that have known the truth;
Greek: ο πρεσβυτερος εκλεκτη κυρια και τοις τεκνοις αυτης ους εγω αγαπω εν αληθεια και ουκ εγω μονος αλλα και παντες οι εγνωκοτες την αληθειαν
Latin: senior electae dominae et natis eius quos ego diligo in veritate et non ego solus sed et omnes qui cognoverunt veritatem
76. 2 John 1:13
KJV: The children of thy elect sister greet thee. Amen.
Greek: ασπαζεται σε τα τεκνα της αδελφης σου της εκλεκτης αμην
77. Meaning determination
These shall make war with the Lamb, and the Lamb shall overcome them: for he is Lord of lords, and King of kings: and they that are with him are called, and X , and faithful.
Consider the above text. Which choice is closest to the meaning/sentiment of
X?
good (positive)
not good (negative)
ambiguous (could be either)
none of these fit
78. Revelation 17:14
Revelation 17:14 These shall make war with the Lamb, and the Lamb shall overcome them: for he is Lord of lords, and King of kings: and they that are with him are called, and chosen, and faithful. [kjv]
ουτοι μετα του αρνιου πολεμησουσιν και το αρνιον νικησει αυτους οτι κυριος κυριων εστιν και βασιλευς βασιλεων και οι μετ αυτου κλητοι και εκλεκτοι και πιστοι [gnt]
Who is with whom? Can the pronoun be taken in more than one way?
English "called", "vocati" ≈ "called" (vocal, vocation, etc.), "κλήτοι" (KLEE-tee) ≈ "called" (clergy)
English "chosen/elected", "electi" ≈ "elected", "εκλέκτοι" (eh-KLEH-ktee) ≈ "elect" (elect, eclectic, etc.)
English "faithful", "fideles" ≈ "faithful" (fidelity, fiduciary, etc.), "πίστοι" (PEE-stee) ≈ "faithful".
79. Revelation 17:14 Called and chosen
Revelation 17:14 These shall make war with the Lamb, and the Lamb shall overcome them: for he is Lord of lords, and King of kings: and they that are with him are called, and chosen, and faithful. [kjv]
ουτοι μετα του αρνιου πολεμησουσιν και το αρνιον νικησει αυτους οτι κυριος κυριων εστιν και βασιλευς βασιλεων και οι μετ αυτου κλητοι και εκλεκτοι και πιστοι [gnt]
The war against the followers appears to be against the
"called", the
"elect" or
"chosen", and the "
faithful". The word "
and" is called a conjunction or intersection in that all must apply. Is this the case here?
From this verse, is the word
"elect" used in a
good or
not good way?
80. Revelation 17:14
KJV: These shall make war with the Lamb, and the Lamb shall overcome them: for he is Lord of lords, and King of kings: and they that are with him are called, and chosen, and faithful.
Greek: ουτοι μετα του αρνιου πολεμησουσιν και το αρνιον νικησει αυτους οτι κυριος κυριων εστιν και βασιλευς βασιλεων και οι μετ αυτου κλητοι και εκλεκτοι και πιστοι
Latin: hii cum agno pugnabunt et agnus vincet illos quoniam Dominus dominorum est et rex regum et qui cum illo sunt vocati et electi et fideles
81. New Testament summary
It appears that Jesus uses the Greek word
"elect" or
"chosen" in a
not good way. Here is a summarized table of Matthew and the other non-Gospel books that use the Greek word for
"elect" or
"choses".
| Book |
not good |
good |
comments |
| Matthew |
4 |
0 |
mistranslated to be good |
| Romans |
2 |
0 |
mistranslated to be good |
| Colossians |
0 |
1 |
authorship |
| Titus |
0 |
1? |
authorship |
| 1 Timothy |
0 |
1 |
authorship |
| 2 Timothy |
1 |
0 |
mistranslated to be good |
| 1 Peter |
0 |
4 |
authorship |
| 2 Peter |
0 |
1 |
not clear ‑ fits either way |
| 2 John |
0 |
2 |
authorship |
| Revelation |
0 |
1? |
not clear |
82. Elect
Jesus uses the word
"elect" in a
not good way. As with other code words, the uses of this word in the
OT (Old Testament) tend to use such words in the usual way. Note that the
LXX (Septuagint) is a Greek translation of the Hebrew while Jesus appears to be speaking Greek and Aramaic. Greek had been a common language throughout the Middle East for 350 years.
83. Isaiah 45:4-5
Isaiah 45:4 For Jacob my servant's sake, and Israel mine elect, I have even called thee by thy name: I have surnamed thee, though thou hast not known me. [kjv]
ενεκεν ιακωβ του παιδος μου και ισραηλ του εκλεκτου μου εγω καλεσω σε τω ονοματι σου και προσδεξομαι σε συ δε ουκ εγνως με [lxx]
45:5 I am the LORD, and there is none else, there is no God beside me: I girded thee, though thou hast not known me: [kjv]
The
LXX uses
"elect" and
"called" in Isaiah 45:4. The second verse appears to mirror the meaning of the previous verse.
84. Isaiah 45:4
KJV: For Jacob my servant's sake, and Israel mine elect, I have even called thee by thy name: I have surnamed thee, though thou hast not known me.
Hebrew: למען עבדי יעקב וישראל בחירי ואקרא לך בשמך אכנך ולא ידעתני׃
Greek: ενεκεν ιακωβ του παιδος μου και ισραηλ του εκλεκτου μου εγω καλεσω σε τω ονοματι σου και προσδεξομαι σε συ δε ουκ εγνως με
Wycliffe: for my seruaunt Jacob, and Israel my chosun, and Y clepide thee bi thi name; Y licnyde thee, and thou knewist not me.
85. Isaiah 45:5
KJV: I am the LORD, and there is none else, there is no God beside me: I girded thee, though thou hast not known me:
Hebrew: אני יהוה ואין עוד זולתי אין אלהים אאזרך ולא ידעתני׃
Greek: οτι εγω κυριος ο θεος και ουκ εστιν ετι πλην εμου θεος και ουκ ηδεις με
86. End of page
Matthew 11:6 And blessed is he, who soever shall not be offended in me. [kjv]
και μακαριος εστιν ος αν μη σκανδαλισθη εν εμοι [gnt]
Matthew 22:10 So those servants went out into the highways, and gathered together all as many as they found, both bad and good: and the wedding was furnished with guests. [kjv]
22:11 And when the king came in to see the guests, he saw there a man which had not on a wedding garment: [kjv]
22:12 And he saith unto him, Friend, how camest thou in hither not having a wedding garment? And he was speechless. [kjv]
22:13 Then said the king to the servants, Bind him hand and foot, and take him away, and cast him into outer darkness; there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. [kjv]
Matthew 22:10 So those servants went out into the highways, and gathered together all as many as they found, both bad and good: and the wedding was furnished with guests. [kjv]
και εξελθοντες οι δουλοι εκεινοι εις τας οδους συνηγαγον παντας ους ευρον πονηρους τε και αγαθους και επλησθη ο νυμφων ανακειμενων [gnt]
22:11 And when the king came in to see the guests, he saw there a man which had not on a wedding garment: [kjv]
εισελθων δε ο βασιλευς θεασασθαι τους ανακειμενους ειδεν εκει ανθρωπον ουκ ενδεδυμενον ενδυμα γαμου [gnt]
Matthew 22:12 And he saith unto him, Friend, how camest thou in hither not having a wedding garment? And he was speechless. [kjv]
και λεγει αυτω εταιρε πως εισηλθες ωδε μη εχων ενδυμα γαμου ο δε εφιμωθη [gnt]
22:13 Then said the king to the servants, Bind him hand and foot, and take him away, and cast him into outer darkness; there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. [kjv]
τοτε ο βασιλευς ειπεν τοις διακονοις δησαντες αυτου ποδας και χειρας εκβαλετε αυτον εις το σκοτος το εξωτερον εκει εσται ο κλαυθμος και ο βρυγμος των οδοντων [gnt]
22:14 For many are called, but few are chosen. [kjv]
πολλοι γαρ εισιν κλητοι ολιγοι δε εκλεκτοι [gnt]
Matthew 22:13 Then said the king to the servants, Bind him hand and foot, and take him away, and cast him into outer darkness; there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. [kjv]
22:14 For many are called, but few are chosen. [kjv]
πολλοι γαρ εισιν κλητοι ολιγοι δε εκλεκτοι [gnt]
Matthew 24:22 And except those days should be shortened, there should no flesh be saved: but for the elect's sake those days shall be shortened. [kjv]
24:24 For there shall arise false Christs, and false prophets, and shall shew great signs and wonders; insomuch that, if it were possible, they shall deceive the very elect. [kjv]
24:31 And he shall send his angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other. [kjv]
Matthew 22:14 For many are called, but few are chosen. [kjv]
πολλοι γαρ εισιν κλητοι ολιγοι δε εκλεκτοι [gnt]
Matthew 13:45 Again, the kingdom of heaven is like unto a merchant man, seeking goodly pearls: [kjv]
παλιν ομοια εστιν η βασιλεια των ουρανων εμπορω ζητουντι καλους μαργαριτας [gnt]
13:46 Who, when he had found one pearl of great price, went and sold all that he had, and bought it. [kjv]
ευρων δε ενα πολυτιμον μαργαριτην απελθων πεπρακεν παντα οσα ειχεν και ηγορασεν αυτον [gnt]
Matthew 22:14 For many are called, but few are chosen. [kjv]
πολλοι γαρ εισιν κλητοι ολιγοι δε εκλεκτοι [gnt]
Romans 8:33 Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God's elect? It is God that justifieth. [kjv]
τις εγκαλεσει κατα εκλεκτων θεου θεος ο δικαιων [gnt]
Romans 8:31 What shall we then say to these things? If God be for us, who can be against us? [kjv]
τι ουν ερουμεν προς ταυτα ει ο θεος υπερ ημων τις καθ ημων [gnt]
