Matthew 5:25-26 Adversarial agreement

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1. Matthew 5:25-26 Adversarial agreement

2. Matthew 5:21-26 Divorcing the brotherly gift agreement

In the Sermon on the Mount, in Matthew 5:21-41, Jesus addresses the following.

Matthew 5:22 The danger of brotherly anger (brotherly anger)
Matthew 5:23-24 Alterated gifts (gifts at the altar)
Matthew 5:25-26 Adversarial agreement (this page)
Matthew 5:27-28,31-32 Adulterated hearts
Matthew 5:29-30 Plucking and casting of eyes, etc.
Matthew 5:31-32 Heart divorcement
Matthew 5:33-35 Oaths and swearing
Matthew 5:36-37 Hairs of the head
Matthew 5:38 Seeing aye to aye
Matthew 5:39 Turning the other cheek
Matthew 5:40 A garment cloaked in separation
Matthew 5:41 Walk a mile for a camel
Matthew 5:42 Do not loan shirk

More: Matthew 5:21-26 Divorcing the brotherly gift agreement

3. Matthew 5:22 Paraphrase

Matthew 5:22 But I say unto you, That whosoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment: and whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council: but whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell fire. [kjv]

5:22: But I say to you. Whoever is [and remains] angry with the brother (Jesus) is liable for the judgment. Whoever says to the brother Raca (Aramaic word for fool) [rag, band aid], is liable with respect to the council (religious institution that uses that language). But whoever calls the brother (Jesus) fool (Greek word) is liable for hell fire. Additional (double) meanings: If Jesus (one of the many) is angry with the brother, that brother is liable for the judgment (as is Jesus who must then do that judgment) .... but whoever Jesus calls a fool (Greek word, in parables, sayings, etc.) is liable for hell fire (as is Jesus who must then do that hell fire).

Can Jesus implicitly and indirectly call the religious establishment "fools" by teaching the "truth"? Once the people know the "truth", it becomes obvious to them that the religious establishment is not teaching the entire "truth" and they thus appear as "fools".

More: Matthew 5:22 The danger of brotherly anger

4. Review paraphrase

Matthew 5:23 Therefore if thou bring thy gift to the altar, and there rememberest that thy brother hath ought against thee; [kjv]

5:24 Leave there thy gift before the altar, and go thy way; first be reconciled to thy brother, and then come and offer thy gift. [kjv]

5:23: If therefore you offer [resemble] your gift on the altar, [bad (righteousness)], remember [as a groom wooing a bride] that the brother of yours (Jesus) has some things against (down on) you (detailed in Revelation).

5:24: Forgive yourself as the gift in front of the altar, go (flee) and first interact [through being in a different place] with the brother (Jesus) and then go (as in the Great Commission) and offer your gift (yourself as a living sacrifice) (as in doing good works before men).

Will the religious establishment be upset about you not offering the gift they use to support themselves and using their establishment only as a house of prayer? What do you do? Jesus answers this question in the next verse, though some mistranslations hide the real meaning.

More: Matthew 5:23-24 Alterated gifts

5. Matthew 5:25

Matthew 5:25

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KJV: Agree with thine adversary quickly, whiles thou art in the way with him; lest at any time the adversary deliver thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer, and thou be cast into prison.

Greek: ισθι ευνοων τω αντιδικω σου ταχυ εως οτου ει μετ αυτου εν τη οδω μετ αυτου μηποτε μηποτε σε παραδω ο αντιδικος τω κριτη και ο κριτης σε παραδω τω τω υπηρετη και εις φυλακην βληθηση

Latin: esto consentiens adversario tuo cito dum es in via cum eo ne forte tradat te adversarius iudici et iudex tradat te ministro et in carcerem mittaris

6. Matthew 5:26

Matthew 5:26

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KJV: Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing.

Greek: αμην λεγω σοι ου μη εξελθης εκειθεν εως αν αποδως τον εσχατον κοδραντην

7. Matthew 5:25-26 Adversarial agreement

Matthew 5:25 Agree with thine adversary quickly, whiles thou art in the way with him; lest at any time the adversary deliver thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer, and thou be cast into prison. [kjv]

5:26 Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing. [kjv]

What does "agree" mean? (mistranslated)
Who is "the" "adversary"? Who is the "judge"?
What is the difference between "while" (mistranslated) and "until"?
Who is the "officer"? What is the "prison"? (double-meaning)
What is the "last" of the "farthings"?

8. Luke 18:3 Discussion

Luke 18:3 And there was a widow in that city; and she came unto him, saying, Avenge me of mine adversary. [kjv]

χηρα δε ην εν τη πολει εκεινη και ηρχετο προς αυτον λεγουσα εκδικησον με απο του αντιδικου μου [gnt]

Discuss: Who is the "adversary"? Some choices include the following.

The ancient Greek word "ἀντίδικος" ≈ "legal opponent" but could, in general, mean any opponent. The literal meaning is that of someone "in place of you or yours". That is, an opponent. The "in place of" is similar to the word "Anti-Christ" which means, literally, someone who puts them self "in place of Christ".

The "antichrist" in the Bible is both a general term for those who put themselves "in place of Christ" and the "Antichrist" or "beast" (or many other names in the Bible) as a unique being in the end times of the Bible.

More: The one Antichrist and many antichrists

More: Luke 18:1-8 Parable of the unjust judge

9. Matthew 5:25 Adversary

ισθι ευνοων τω αντιδικω σου ταχυ εως οτου ει μετ αυτου εν τη οδω μηποτε σε παραδω ο αντιδικος τω κριτη και ο κριτης τω υπηρετη και εις φυλακην βληθηση [gnt]

This is not any "adversary". Who is "the" "adversary" of you? Should you "agree" to something that goes against the laws of God? Is it something else? Path:

"you" with
"the" "adversary" (opposite) to
"judge" (separator) to
"officer" (overseer) to
"prison" (watch).

Note that Luke, from memories of people, reports a more limited and literal interpretation of this verse.

Details are left as a future topic.

10. 1 Peter 5:8 Adversaries

1 Peter 5:8 Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour: [kjv]

νηψατε γρηγορησατε ο αντιδικος υμων διαβολος ως λεων ωρυομενος περιπατει ζητων καταπιειν [gnt]

Peter says that the "devil" is the "adversary". In the temptation of Jesus, Jesus does not dispute who controls the kingdoms (mountains) of the world. Here is one progression.

Adversary: (snake) world power and those using world power
Judge: birds (false teachers and decision makers)
Officer: pigs (enforcers and influencers)
Prison: watch (passive spies such as the fish who observe and talk)

Discuss: Are people who offer at the altar watched? Are there fish (spies) reporting back through the pigs to the birds? What happens if the sheep do anything wrong according to the rules of the bird house?

11. 1 Peter 5:8

1 Peter 5:8

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KJV: Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking whom he may devour:

Greek: νηψατε γρηγορησατε οτι ο αντιδικος υμων διαβολος ως λεων ωρυομενος περιπατει ζητων τινα καταπιη καταπιειν

12. Matthew 5:25 Agree to be nice

The ancient Greek word "ευνοώ" ≈ "show goodwill, be well disposed towards" and means, literally, a "good mind" or "good thought".

Consider the chain of "adversary" (snake), "judge", (fish) "officer" (pig) and "prison" or "watch" (fish).

Might it be good to carefully word one's message in a way that shows a "good mind" towards that "adversary"?

13. Matthew 10:16 Animal crackers

In Matthew 10:16, Jesus uses four creatures in one verse: sheep, wolves, serpents and doves (pigeons).

Matthew 10:16 Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves. [kjv]

ιδου εγω αποστελλω υμας ως προβατα εν μεσω λυκων γινεσθε ουν φρονιμοι ως οι οφεις και ακεραιοι ως αι περιστεραι [gnt]

"Wolves" operate in groups and look for any weakness in their prey.

The "serpents" are not "wise" in the English sense. They are opportunistic and prudent. So, no "wise crackers" here!

The "doves" or "pigeons" (same bird) are not "harmless" in the English sense. They are without frills (insect antennas).

More: The hunt for holy hounds

More: Flipping the pigeon bird: reality or perception?

More: A wise opportunity to be prudent

14. Matthew 10:16

Matthew 10:16

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KJV: Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves.

Greek: ιδου εγω αποστελλω υμας ως προβατα εν μεσω λυκων γινεσθε ουν φρονιμοι ως οι οφεις και ακεραιοι ως αι περιστεραι

15. 2 Peter 2:11 Agree to be nice

At least one should not provoke that "adversary".

2 Peter 2:11 Whereas angels, which are greater in power and might, bring not railing accusation against them before the Lord. [kjv]

οπου αγγελοι ισχυι και δυναμει μειζονες οντες ου φερουσιν κατ αυτων παρα κυριω βλασφημον κρισιν [gnt]

The Greek translated as "railing" is that of "judging" in the sense of "separating".

The Greek translated as "accusation" is that of "blasphemy" or "talking bad".

If angels are not to do this against false teachers (birds, judges) and the adversary they work for, are humans?

More: 2 Peter 2:1-22 Déjà vu all over again

More: Brute beasts and magnificent war horses

More: Speaking evil in a famous way

16. 2 Peter 2:11

2 Peter 2:11

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KJV: Whereas angels, which are greater in power and might, bring not railing accusation against them before the Lord.

Greek: οπου αγγελοι ισχυι και δυναμει μειζονες οντες ου φερουσιν κατ αυτων παρα κυριω βλασφημον κρισιν

17. Matthew 5:25 Be agreeable

esto consentiens adversario tuo cito dum es in via cum eo ne forte tradat te adversarius iudici et iudex tradat te ministro et in carcerem mittaris [v]

The Greek translated as "agree" (one time in the GNT (Greek New Testament)) with the "be" (one time by Jesus in Matthew) untranslated. The idea of ""agree"" or "consent" comes from Luke and the Latin Vulgate translation of the Latin word "consentia" ≈ "agree". The Greek is that of "be of good mind" with the "quick" added later in the phrase.

There may be a play on words here.

18. Usage - be

*G1510 *0 εἰμί (i-mee') : the first person singular present indicative; a prolonged form of a primary and defective verb; I exist (used only when emphatic):--am, have been, X it is I, was.

Words: ει=89 ειη=11 ειμι=134 ειναι=123 εισιν=158 εσεσθαι=4 εσεσθε=11 εση=8 εσμεν=51 εσομαι=13 εσομεθα=4 εσομενον εσονται=31 εσται=119 εστε=85 εστιν=888 εστω=12 εστωσαν=2 η=43 ημεθα=5 ημεν=8 ημην=15 ην=313 ης=7 ησαν=96 ησθα=2 ητε=19 ητω=2 ισθι=5 ον οντα=19 οντας=11 οντες=26 οντι=4 οντος=15 οντων=6 ουσα=6 ουσαι ουσαν=6 ουση=4 ουσης=6 ουσιν=9 ουσων ω=2 ωμεν=3 ων=45 ωσιν=11

The ancient Greek word "ισθι" ≈ "be" and appears only five times in the GNT and not in the LXX (Septuagint). This is the only time it is used in this exact form by Jesus in Matthew.

19. Strongs - agree

*G2132 *1 εὐνοέω (yoo-no-eh'-o) : from a compound of G2095 and G3563; to be well- minded, i.e. reconcile:--agree.

Usage

All

ευνοων

Matthew 5:25 Agree with thine adversary quickly, whiles thou art ...

20. Usage - agree

*G2132 *1 εὐνοέω (yoo-no-eh'-o) : from a compound of G2095 and G3563; to be well- minded, i.e. reconcile:--agree.

Words: ευνοων=1

The ancient Greek word "ευνοώ" ≈ "show goodwill, be well disposed towards" and means, literally, a "good mind" or "good thought".

The idea of ""agree"" or "consent" comes from Luke and the Latin Vulgate translation of the Latin word "consentia" ≈ "agree".

Since this word is only used one time in the GNT and not in the LXX, it may be a play on words. The word before this word in the Greek may be a clue.

21. Grammar analysis

Matthew 5:25
Strong	Used	Unique	Word	Part of speech
G1510	2435	5	ισθι	verb present active imperative 2nd person singular
G2132	1	1	ευνοων	verb present active participle nominative singular masculine

"ἴσθι" ≈ "be".
"ευνοώ" ≈ "show goodwill, be well disposed towards".

As translated: (be) agree(able) ... (from the Latin)
As written: be of good mind ...

22. Play on words

As translated: (be) agree(able) ... (from the Latin)
As written: be of good mind ...

"ἴσθι" ≈ "be".
"ευνοώ" ≈ "show goodwill, be well disposed towards".

Play on words: be of a temple of God ...

"ἴσθι" ≈ "be" (combining/sliding «θι» with «θε»).
"θεού" ≈ "of God" from "θεός" ≈ "God".
"ναου" ≈ "of the temple" from "ναός" ≈ "temple"

The Greek vowel sounds (and consonants) were close enough for native Greek listeners to understand. English example: I went to a pig party. I had a swine time. The previous verse was about the gift on and before the altar or temple or sanctuary and that you are the real temple/sanctuary/gift.

Start of this verse: be of/as a Godly temple to the adversary of yours. Is this what Jesus did when examined (tempted) by the devil?

23. Matthew 5:25 Quickly

The ancient Greek word "ταχύς" ≈ "quick, rapid, soon" where the "soon" appears to require a context for the "quick".

Should one be "quick" to "agree" or should one use a "quick" "good mind"?

In Revelation, the Greek word for "quickly" is often translated as "soon" to support the idea that Jesus is coming "soon" or that the events in Revelation were fulfilled in the first century - a view called preterism.

More: Come quickly: sooner or later

24. Matthew 5:25-26 Until

5:26 Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing. [kjv]

αμην λεγω σοι ου μη εξελθης εκειθεν εως αν αποδως τον εσχατον κοδραντην [gnt]

The ancient Greek word "ἕως" ≈ "until". The KJV (King James Version) translates this as "while" in verse 25 and "until" in verse 26.

... while you are in the way ...
... until you are in the way ...

25. Until and while

As in computer logic, the words "while" and "until" are not the same.

A while loop starts with a condition being true (else the body is never done) and continues until that condition becomes false.
A until loop starts with a condition being false (else the body is never done) and continues until that condition becomes true.

Thus, assumptions are made both on the starting and termination conditions.

Here you are together with him in the way or path.

25: ... while you are in the way with/of him ...

Here you are blocking the way or path of him.

25: ... until you are in the way with/of him...

Which of the two fits better? Do they both fit in some way?

Discuss: Is the "adversary" concerned with what you are doing before or after you start doing what God wants you to do?

26. Matthew 5:25 In the way

This is not any "way" but "the" "way". The ancient Greek word "ὁδός" ≈ "way, path" as in the last part of the English words "method" and "exodus". Early Christians called themselves "the way".

With her way blocked, one three year old girl exclaimed: Excuse me! I need to get in the way!

27. Every which way but loose the agreement

This is not any "way" but the (dative) "way" or "with respect to the" "way".

Psalms 1:1 Blessed is the man that walketh not in the counsel of the ungodly, nor standeth in the way of sinners, nor sitteth in the seat of the scornful. [kjv]

μακαριος ανηρ ος ουκ επορευθη εν βουλη ασεβων και εν οδω αμαρτωλων ουκ εστη και επι καθεδραν λοιμων ουκ εκαθισεν [lxx]

The Greek of the LXX is "in" (the) "way" which could one of many "ways" since there is no definite article.

More: Dative case in Greek

More: Psalms 1: Here come the pigs

28. German

The German word "der Weg" ≈ "the way" with the hard "g" as often happened, softened to the "y" sound as in the Middle English word "weye" ≈ "way".

More: Germanic g to English y

29. Psalms 1:1

Psalms 1:1

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KJV: Blessed is the man that walketh not in the counsel of the ungodly, nor standeth in the way of sinners, nor sitteth in the seat of the scornful.

Hebrew: אשרי האיש אשר לא הלך בעצת רשעים ובדרך חטאים לא עמד ובמושב לצים לא ישב׃

Greek: μακαριος ανηρ ος ουκ επορευθη εν βουλη ασεβων και εν οδω αμαρτωλων ουκ εστη και επι καθεδραν λοιμων ουκ εκαθισεν

30. Strongs - method

*G3180 *0 μεθοδεία (meth-od-i'-ah) : from a compound of G3326 and G3593 (compare "method"); travelling over, i.e. travesty (trickery):--wile, lie in wait.

Usage

All

μεθοδιαν

Ephesians 4:14 ... cunning craftiness, whereby they lie in wait to deceive;

μεθοδιας

Ephesians 6:11 ... may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil.

31. Usage - method

*G3180 *0 μεθοδεία (meth-od-i'-ah) : from a compound of G3326 and G3593 (compare "method"); travelling over, i.e. travesty (trickery):--wile, lie in wait.

Words: μεθοδιαν μεθοδιας

The ancient Greek word "μέθοδος" ≈ "following after, pursuit" and is used here for as "deception".

This is the only verse in the GNT where Jesus uses the two words that make up the Greek word for "method"

"μετ" ≈ "after, with".
"οδω" ≈ "way, path" (dative case)

32. Vessels in the way

Matthew 11:10 For this is he, of whom it is written, Behold, I send my messenger before thy face, which shall prepare thy way before thee. [kjv]

ουτος εστιν περι ου γεγραπται ιδου εγω αποστελλω τον αγγελον μου προ προσωπου σου ος κατασκευασει την οδον σου εμπροσθεν σου [gnt]

This is "the way" (Greek) and not just a "way" (English). This is not a direct quote from Malachi in the LXX. Instead, part of the word for "prepare" has the word for "construction" as in "vessel" or "goods" but can also refer to people. Paul uses that word for "vessel" as having a "treasure".

2 Corinthians 4:7 But we have this treasure in earthen vessels, that the excellency of the power may be of God, and not of us. [kjv]

εχομεν δε τον θησαυρον τουτον εν οστρακινοις σκευεσιν ινα η υπερβολη της δυναμεως η του θεου και μη εξ ημων [gnt]

More: Rapture: Snatching the goods from the strong man

33. Acts 24:14 The way

One often thinks of the "prepare" the "way" as being a "path" that needs "prepared". The early Christians were called (and called themselves) "the way" . In this sense, the "way" represents a group of believers and not a path. The word "Exodus" comes from the Greek words for "the way out".

Acts 24:14 But this I confess unto thee, that after the way which they call heresy, so worship I the God of my fathers, believing all things which are written in the law and in the prophets: [kjv]

ομολογω δε τουτο σοι οτι κατα την οδον ην λεγουσιν αιρεσιν ουτως λατρευω τω πατρωω θεω πιστευων πασιν τοις κατα τον νομον και τοις εν τοις προφηταις γεγραμμενοις [gnt]

One can contrast the "way" with the "narrow gate" and the prevailing "Gates of Hell".

More: Strait talk about narrow and wide gates

More: The key to the keys to an open and shut heavenly gate

More: Matthew 16: 13-19 Prevailing gates

More: Matthew 11: Exploring the Kingdom of Heaven

34. Matthew 5:25 In the way

The "birds" will consider you in the "way" if you proclaim the truth and that truth goes against their personal agenda. Instead of standing in the "way" as "pigs" (blocking sinners from repentance) one should be "standing on the promises".

Discuss: How have leaders (religious and otherwise) viewed those who proclaimed the truth when that truth did not agree with their personal views?

Old Testament times
New Testament times
times since including today

More: Psalms 1: Here come the pigs

More: Song: Standing on the promises

35. Ephesians 4:14 Deceptions

Ephesians 4:14 That we henceforth be no more children, tossed to and fro, and carried about with every wind of doctrine, by the sleight of men, and cunning craftiness, whereby they lie in wait to deceive; [kjv]

ινα μηκετι ωμεν νηπιοι κλυδωνιζομενοι και περιφερομενοι παντι ανεμω της διδασκαλιας εν τη κυβεια των ανθρωπων εν πανουργια προς την μεθοδειαν της πλανης [gnt]

Paul talks of deception in various ways in Ephesians 4:14. The ancient Greek word "μέθοδος" ≈ "following after, pursuit" and is used here for as "deception". The KJV translates this as "lie in wait". Who are the "they"?

The ancient Greek word "πλάνη" ≈ "wandering, roaming" and, figuratively, "going astray" or "in error". as in wandering off-target.

The ancient Greek word "πανοῦργος" ≈ "ready to try anything" and is often translated as "crafty".

More: Ready to try anything crafty

36. Ephesians 4:14 Play on words

The following is conducive to a play on words in the Greek. Paul appears to do this once in Ephesians 4:14. The Greek for "doctrine" is that of "teaching".

"ἄνεμος" ≈ "wind, breeze, gale" and often used in verses with Satin or the devil as "accuser" throwing/breathing accusations.
"ἄνομος" ≈ "without law" which could be "lawless", "impious", "unmusical", "illegal", etc.
English: ... carried about by every wind of teaching.
Play on words: ... carried about by every without-law teaching.

Any teaching that goes against "Loving God" or "Loving neighbor as yourself" would be "without-law" or "against-law".

More: Ephesians 6: Defending the full armor of God

More: An unlawful wind as an air of the spirit

37. Ephesians 4:14

Ephesians 4:14

All

KJV: That we henceforth be no more children, tossed to and fro, and carried about with every wind of doctrine, by the sleight of men, and cunning craftiness, whereby they lie in wait to deceive;

Greek: ινα μηκετι ωμεν νηπιοι κλυδωνιζομενοι και περιφερομενοι παντι ανεμω της διδασκαλιας εν τη κυβεια των ανθρωπων εν πανουργια προς την μεθοδειαν της πλανης

38. Matthew 5:25 In the way with the adversary

The ancient Greek word "μέθοδος" ≈ "following after, pursuit" has a connotation of a "deception". This is the only verse in the GNT where Jesus uses the two words (in order and near) that make up the Greek word for "method" as in "deception".

"μετ" ≈ "with, after".
"οδω" ≈ "way, path" (dative case)

English: ... in a way with him ...
Greek: with him in the way

The English word order is more natural, even in the Greek. But Greek allows word order to be changed to accommodate, for example, play on words. This play on words requires the Greek word used. Might this be subliminal message suggesting "deception" by the "adversary"?

39. Matthew 7:6 Never happen

Matthew 7:6 Give not that which is holy unto the dogs, neither cast ye your pearls before swine, lest they trample them under their feet, and turn again and rend you. [kjv]

μη δωτε το αγιον τοις κυσιν μηδε βαλητε τους μαργαριτας υμων εμπροσθεν των χοιρων μηποτε καταπατησουσιν αυτους εν τοις ποσιν αυτων και στραφεντες ρηξωσιν υμας [gnt]

The word translated as "lest" is that of "never" but in a sarcastic negative sense as in "that will never happen" - "wrong" It will certainly happen. The ancient Greek word "μήποτε" ≈ "never" and comes from two words.

"μή" ≈ "not"
"ποτέ" ≈ "ever, at some time".

The Koine definition is that of "perhaps" but the sarcastic "never" appears to be a better fit. The modern Greek word "μήποτε" (MEE-po-teh) ≈ "perhaps". The "swine" or "pigs" would "never" (sarcastic remark) do this. Instead, they "certainly" will "trample" the "pearls".

More: The hunt for holy hounds

More: Matthew 7: A splitting feat of how the swine flew on pearls at a wide gait

More: Matthew 9:17-18 Old and new garments and bottles

More: The hunt for holy hounds

40. Matthew 5:25 Never happen

The "at any time" is inferred and not in the Greek. The word translated as "lest" is that of "never" but in a sarcastic negative sense as in "that will never happen" - "wrong" It will certainly happen. The ancient Greek word "μήποτε" ≈ "never" and comes from two words.

"μή" ≈ "not"
"ποτέ" ≈ "ever, at some time".

The Koine definition is that of "perhaps" but the sarcastic "never" appears to be a better fit. The modern Greek word "μήποτε" (MEE-po-teh) ≈ "perhaps".

This word is used later in the Sermon on the Mount.

41. Matthew 4:6 Never happen

Matthew 4:6 And saith unto him, If thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down: for it is written, He shall give his angels charge concerning thee: and in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone. [kjv]

και λεγει αυτω ει υιος ει του θεου βαλε σεαυτον κατω γεγραπται γαρ οτι τοις αγγελοις αυτου εντελειται περι σου και επι χειρων αρουσιν σε μηποτε προσκοψης προς λιθον τον ποδα σου [gnt]

The devil uses the word for "never" in "perhaps" a sarcastic sense, in the temptation, meaning examination with intent to deceive, in Matthew 4.

In other words, Jesus would "certainly" dash his foot against a stone if the angels did not intervene.

More: Matthew 4:1-11, 6:13: Examining evil temptations

42. Matthew 4:6

Matthew 4:6

All

KJV: And saith unto him, If thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down: for it is written, He shall give his angels charge concerning thee: and in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone.

Greek: και λεγει αυτω ει υιος ει του θεου βαλε σεαυτον κατω γεγραπται γαρ οτι τοις αγγελοις αυτου εντελειται περι σου και επι χειρων αρουσιν σε μηποτε προσκοψης προς λιθον τον ποδα σου

43. Matthew 5:25 Deliver

The Greek word translated "deliver" is that of "turn over" or "betray".

"παραδω" ≈ "hand over, betray, deliver".

Discuss: How does the meaning of the verse change if "deliver" is changed to "betray"?

Luke uses the Greek word for "drag away".

44. Strongs - deliver

*G3860 *119 παραδίδωμι (par-ad-id'-o-mee) : from G3844 and G1325; to surrender, i.e yield up, intrust, transmit:--betray, bring forth, cast, commit, deliver (up), give (over, up), hazard, put in prison, recommend.

Usage

All

παρεδωκεν *17

Matthew 18:34 And his lord was wroth, and delivered him to the tormentors, till ...
Matthew 25:14 ... his own servants, and delivered unto them his goods.
Matthew 27:26 ... and when he had scourged Jesus, he delivered him to be crucified.
Mark 3:19 ... Iscariot, which also betrayed him: and they went ...
Mark 15:15 ... Barabbas unto them, and delivered Jesus, when he had scourged him, to be crucified.
Luke 23:25 ... whom they had desired; but he delivered Jesus to their will.
John 19:16 Then delivered he him therefore unto them to ...
John 19:30 ... and he bowed his head, and gave up the ghost.
Acts 6:14 ... the customs which Moses delivered us.
Acts 7:42 ... turned, and gave them up to worship the host ...
Romans 1:24 Wherefore God also gave them up to uncleanness ...
Romans 1:26 ... cause God gave them up unto vile ...
Romans 1:28 ... their knowledge, God gave them over to a reprobate ...
Romans 8:32 ... Son, but delivered him up for us ...
Ephesians 5:2 ... hath loved us, and hath given himself for us ...
Ephesians 5:25 ... loved the church, and gave himself for it;
2 Peter 2:4 ... but cast them down to hell, and delivered them into chains of darkness, to be reserved ...

παραδιδους *10

Matthew 26:25 Then Judas, which betrayed him, answered and said, ...
Matthew 26:46 Rise, let us be going: behold, he is at hand that doth betray me.
Matthew 26:48 Now he that betrayed him gave them a sign, ...
Matthew 27:3 Then Judas, which had betrayed him, when he saw that ...
Mark 14:42 Rise up, let us go; lo, he that betrayeth me is at hand.
Mark 14:44 And he that betrayed him had given them ...
John 18:2 And Judas also, which betrayed him, knew the place: ...
John 18:5 ... Judas also, which betrayed him, stood with them.
John 21:20 ... which is he that betrayeth thee?
Acts 22:4 ... the death, binding and delivering into prisons both ...

παραδωσουσιν *7

Matthew 10:17 ... of men: for they will deliver you up to the councils, ...
Matthew 20:19 And shall deliver him to the Gentiles to mock, ...
Matthew 24:9 Then shall they deliver you up to be afflicted, and ...
Matthew 24:10 ... many be offended, and shall betray one another, and shall hate one another.
Mark 10:33 ... the Son of man shall be delivered unto the chief priests, and unto the scribes; and they shall condemn him to death, and shall deliver him to the Gentiles:
Mark 13:9 ... to yourselves: for they shall deliver you up to councils; ...
Acts 21:11 ... this girdle, and shall deliver him into the hands of the Gentiles.

παραδωσει *7

Matthew 10:21 And the brother shall deliver up the brother to death, ...
Matthew 26:21 ... one of you shall betray me.
Matthew 26:23 ... in the dish, the same shall betray me.
Mark 13:12 Now the brother shall betray the brother to death, ...
Mark 14:18 ... eateth with me shall betray me.
Luke 12:58 ... the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer, and ...
John 13:21 ... one of you shall betray me.

παραδιδοται *7

Matthew 26:2 ... and the Son of man is betrayed to be crucified.
Matthew 26:24 ... whom the Son of man is betrayed! it had been good for ...
Matthew 26:45 ... and the Son of man is betrayed into the hands of sinners.
Mark 9:31 ... unto them, The Son of man is delivered into the hands of men, ...
Mark 14:21 ... whom the Son of man is betrayed! good were it for that ...
Mark 14:41 ... behold, the Son of man is betrayed into the hands of sinners.
Luke 22:22 ... man by whom he is betrayed!

παρεδωκαν *6

Matthew 27:2 ... they led him away, and delivered him to Pontius Pilate the governor.
Matthew 27:18 ... that for envy they had delivered him.
Mark 15:1 ... and carried him away, and delivered him to Pilate.
Luke 24:20 ... and our rulers delivered him to be condemned ...
John 18:35 ... nation and the chief priests have delivered thee unto me: what hast thou done?
Ephesians 4:19 Who being past feeling have given themselves over unto lasciviousness, to ...

παρεδοθη *4

Matthew 4:12 ... had heard that John was cast into prison, he departed into Galilee;
Matthew 11:27 All things are delivered unto me of my Father: ...
Luke 10:22 All things are delivered to me of my Father: ...
Romans 4:25 Who was delivered for our offences, and ...

παραδω *4

Matthew 5:25 ... lest at any time the adversary deliver thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer, ...
Matthew 26:16 ... he sought opportunity to betray him.
Luke 22:4 ... and captains, how he might betray him unto them.
1 Corinthians 13:3 ... to feed the poor, and though I give my body to ...

παραδους *4

Matthew 10:4 ... Judas Iscariot, who also betrayed him.
Matthew 27:4 Saying, I have sinned in that I have betrayed the innocent blood. And ...
John 19:11 ... from above: therefore he that delivered me unto thee hath ...
Acts 12:4 ... he put him in prison, and delivered him to four quaternions of soldiers ...

παραδοι *4

Mark 4:29 But when the fruit is brought forth, immediately he putteth in the sickle, ...
Mark 14:10 ... unto the chief priests, to betray him unto them.
Mark 14:11 ... he sought how he might conveniently betray him.
John 13:2 ... Iscariot, Simon's son, to betray him;

παρεδωκα *4

1 Corinthians 11:2 ... keep the ordinances, as I delivered them to you.
1 Corinthians 11:23 ... that which also I delivered unto you, That the Lord Jesus the same night in which he was betrayed took bread:
1 Corinthians 15:3 For I delivered unto you first of all that which I ...
1 Timothy 1:20 ... and Alexander; whom I have delivered unto Satan, that they may learn ...

παραδοθησεται *3

Matthew 20:18 ... and the Son of man shall be betrayed unto the chief priests and unto the scribes, ...
Mark 10:33 ... the Son of man shall be delivered unto the chief priests, and unto the scribes; and they shall condemn him to death, and shall deliver him to the Gentiles:
Luke 18:32 For he shall be delivered unto the Gentiles, and shall be mocked, and ...

παραδουναι *3

Luke 20:20 ... of his words, that so they might deliver him unto the power ...
Luke 22:6 ... and sought opportunity to betray him unto them in the absence of the multitude.
1 Corinthians 5:5 To deliver such an one unto Satan for the destruction of the flesh, ...

παραδιδοσθαι *2

Matthew 17:22 ... The Son of man shall be betrayed into the hands of men:
Luke 9:44 ... the Son of man shall be delivered into the hands of men.

παρεδωκας *2

Matthew 25:20 ... talents, saying, Lord, thou deliveredst unto me five talents: ...
Matthew 25:22 ... came and said, Lord, thou deliveredst unto me two talents: ...

παραδοθηναι *2

Mark 1:14 Now after that John was put in prison, Jesus came into ...
Luke 24:7 Saying, The Son of man must be delivered into the hands of sinful ...

παρεδωκατε *2

Mark 7:13 ... through your tradition, which ye have delivered: and many such ...
Acts 3:13 ... Jesus; whom ye delivered up, and denied him ...

παραδιδοντες *2

Mark 13:11 But when they shall lead you, and deliver you up, take no thought beforehand ...
Luke 21:12 ... and persecute you, delivering you up to the synagogues, ...

παραδιδοναι *2

John 6:71 ... for he it was that should betray him, being one ...
John 12:4 ... Iscariot, Simon's son, which should betray him,

παρεδιδου *2

Acts 8:3 ... men and women committed them to prison.
1 Peter 2:23 ... he threatened not; but committed himself to him that judgeth righteously:

παραδωσιν

Matthew 10:19 But when they deliver you up, take no ...

παραδωσω

Matthew 26:15 ... give me, and I will deliver him unto you? And ...

παραδεδωκεισαν

Mark 15:10 For he knew that the chief priests had delivered him for envy.

παρεδοσαν

Luke 1:2 Even as they delivered them unto us, which from the beginning ...

παραδεδοται

Luke 4:6 ... the glory of them: for that is delivered unto me; and to whomsoever ...

παραδοθησεσθε

Luke 21:16 And ye shall be betrayed both by parents, and ...

παραδιδοντος

Luke 22:21 But, behold, the hand of him that betrayeth me is with me ...

παραδιδως

Luke 22:48 ... said unto him, Judas, betrayest thou the Son of man with a kiss?

παραδωσων

John 6:64 ... and who should betray him.

παραδιδοντα

John 13:11 For he knew who should betray him; therefore said he, ...

παρεδωκαμεν

John 18:30 ... not a malefactor, we would not have delivered him up unto thee.

παραδοθω

John 18:36 ... fight, that I should not be delivered to the Jews: but ...

παραδεδομενοι

Acts 14:26 ... Antioch, from whence they had been recommended to the grace of God for ...

παραδεδωκοσι

Acts 15:26 Men that have hazarded their lives for the name ...

παραδοθεις

Acts 15:40 ... chose Silas, and departed, being recommended by the brethren unto the grace of God.

παρεδιδοσαν

Acts 16:4 And as they went through the cities, they delivered them the decrees for to keep, ...

παρεδιδουν

Acts 27:1 ... should sail into Italy, they delivered Paul and certain ...

παρεδοθην

Acts 28:17 ... or customs of our fathers, yet was I delivered prisoner from Jerusalem ...

παρεδοθητε

Romans 6:17 ... that form of doctrine which was delivered you.

παρεδιδετο

1 Corinthians 11:23 ... that which also I delivered unto you, That the Lord Jesus the same night in which he was betrayed took bread:

παραδιδοι

1 Corinthians 15:24 Then cometh the end, when he shall have delivered up the kingdom to God, even ...

παραδιδομεθα

2 Corinthians 4:11 For we which live are alway delivered unto death for ...

παραδοντος

Galatians 2:20 ... loved me, and gave himself for me.

παραδοθεισης

2 Peter 2:21 ... the holy commandment delivered unto them.

παραδοθειση

Jude 1:3 ... you that ye should earnestly contend for the faith which was once delivered unto the saints.

45. Usage - deliver

*G3860 *119 παραδίδωμι (par-ad-id'-o-mee) : from G3844 and G1325; to surrender, i.e yield up, intrust, transmit:--betray, bring forth, cast, commit, deliver (up), give (over, up), hazard, put in prison, recommend.

Words: παραδεδομενοι παραδεδοται παραδεδωκεισαν παραδεδωκοσι παραδιδοι παραδιδομεθα παραδιδοναι=2 παραδιδοντα παραδιδοντες=2 παραδιδοντος παραδιδοσθαι=2 παραδιδοται=7 παραδιδους=10 παραδιδως παραδοθεις παραδοθειση παραδοθεισης παραδοθηναι=2 παραδοθησεσθε παραδοθησεται=3 παραδοθω παραδοι=4 παραδοντος παραδουναι=3 παραδους=4 παραδω=4 παραδωσει=7 παραδωσιν παραδωσουσιν=7 παραδωσω παραδωσων παρεδιδετο παρεδιδοσαν παρεδιδου=2 παρεδιδουν παρεδοθη=4 παρεδοθην παρεδοθητε παρεδοσαν παρεδωκα=4 παρεδωκαμεν παρεδωκαν=6 παρεδωκας=2 παρεδωκατε=2 παρεδωκεν=17

46. Matthew 5:25 Parody

Is it is a "parody" that this "turnover" or "betrayal" would happen?

"παραδω" ≈ "hand over, betray, deliver". This is the only time this exact word is used by Jesus in Matthew.
"παρῳδία" ≈ "parody" from the Greek words for "beyond" and "song".

Discuss: Are there any historical examples of a religious institution "betraying" true believers for their own purposes? What a "parody"!

47. Matthew 5:25 Judge

The Greek for "judge" has the meaning of "separation" into parts. A person as a "judge", such as Pilate, may have authority over all three parts. English uses the same word for all three parts whereas the Gerek had a different word for each part. In context, the word for part 1 might imply parts 2 and 3.

1. Judge as in separate guilt and/or innocence.
2. Judge as in determine the penalty for the crime.
3. Judge as in enforcing the penalty for the crime.

In this context, Jesus appears to be using the word "judge" for a "bird" or "false leader" in the religious institution, who tends to be involved in these three parts of the "judge" process.

More: Matthew 7:1-2 Here comes the judge, but just barley

More: Luke 18:1-8 Parable of the unjust judge

48. Matthew 7:1-2 Here comes the judge, but just barley

Matthew 7:1 Judge not, that ye be not judged. [kjv]

7:2 For with what judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again. [kjv]

Barley is a cereal grain, known from ancient times, that has many uses. The usual process is to seed it, grow it, harvest it, break it up, and winnow to separate the grain (fruit) from the chaff so that the grain can be used.
The ancient Greek word "κρίνω" ≈ "separate" appears to be the related to "κριθή" ≈ "barley" in that the grain needed to be separated to be used - allowing a play on words "κριθήτε" ≈ "judged" as used by Jesus. The "separation" is related to the English word "rinse" and the Latin word "discernere" ≈ "separate, divide, distinguish, discern" which is the source of the English word "discern". The Latin word is from the Latin word "cernere" ≈ "to separate".

Since separation is an important and sometimes misunderstood part of the three-step judgment process (separation of guilt or innocence, sentence, punishment) the connections can be interesting in, say, the context of Matthew 7.

More: Matthew 7:1-2 Here comes the judge, but just barley

49. Matthew 5:25 Officer

The Greek word translated as "officer" is that of someone "under the rowing" which later took on the meaning of someone (e.g., a "pig") working under someone else (e.g., a "bird").

The ancient Greek word "ὑπηρέτης" ≈ "rower, assistant performing manual work for another" which appears to fit the model of a "pig" working for a "bird".

"υπό" ≈ "under" as in English words beginning with "hypo-".
"ἐρέσσω" ≈ "row, paddle" from "ἐρετής" ≈ "rower".

This exact form of the word for "officer" is appears two times in the GNT. In the other usage, in Luke 4:20, the translation is "minister" as in a religious "official" who runs a part of the religious institution.

50. Matthew 5:25 Officer

In Godfather terms, the "officer" or "pig" as "influencer" or "enforcer" is the "muscle" while the Godfather relates to a "bird".

In Roman times the title of "procurator" was used for those who controlled finances.

Details are left as a future topic.

51. Luke 4:20 Closing the book

Luke 4:20 And he closed the book, and he gave it again to the minister, and sat down. And the eyes of all them that were in the synagogue were fastened on him. [kjv]

και πτυξας το βιβλιον αποδους τω υπηρετη εκαθισεν και παντων οι οφθαλμοι εν τη συναγωγη ησαν ατενιζοντες αυτω [gnt]

… plicuisset librum … ministro … [v]

… þa boc be-feold … þeigne … [wes]

… closid the book… mynystre… [wy]

… enrollando el libro… ministro… [es]

The Old English word "befeold" ≈ "closed, folded" as in folding the book to close it. The ancient Greek word "πτύξις" ≈ "folding".

The ancient Greek word "ὑπηρέτης" ≈ "rower, assistant performing manual for another" which appears to fit the model of a "pig" working for a "bird".

"υπό" ≈ "under" as in English words beginning with "hypo-".
"ἐρέσσω" ≈ "row, paddle" from "ἐρετής" ≈ "rower".

More: Luke 4: Jesus reads in Luke and stops

52. Strongs - officer

*G5257 *20 ὑπηρέτης (hoop-ay-ret'-ace) : from G5259 and a derivative of eresso (to row); an under-oarsman, i.e. (generally) subordinate (assistant, sexton, constable):--minister, officer, servant.

Usage

All

υπηρεται *9

Mark 14:65 ... unto him, Prophesy: and the servants did strike him with the palms of their hands.
Luke 1:2 ... were eyewitnesses, and ministers of the word;
John 7:45 Then came the officers to the chief priests and ...
John 7:46 The officers answered, Never man spake like ...
John 18:12 ... and the captain and officers of the Jews took Jesus, ...
John 18:18 And the servants and officers stood there, who had made a fire of coals; ...
John 18:36 ... world, then would my servants fight, that I should ...
John 19:6 When the chief priests therefore and officers saw him, they cried out, ...
Acts 5:22 But when the officers came, and found ...

υπηρετων *3

Matthew 26:58 ... in, and sat with the servants, to see the end.
Mark 14:54 ... and he sat with the servants, and warmed himself at the fire.
John 18:22 ... thus spoken, one of the officers which stood by struck Jesus ...

υπηρετας *3

John 7:32 ... and the chief priests sent officers to take him.
John 18:3 ... having received a band of men and officers from the chief priests and ...
1 Corinthians 4:1 ... account of us, as of the ministers of Christ, and stewards ...

υπηρετη *2

Matthew 5:25 ... the judge deliver thee to the officer, and thou be cast into prison.
Luke 4:20 ... the book, and he gave it again to the minister, and sat down. And the eyes ...

υπηρετην *2

Acts 13:5 ... they had also John to their minister.
Acts 26:16 ... this purpose, to make thee a minister and a witness both ...

υπηρεταις

Acts 5:26 Then went the captain with the officers, and brought them ...

53. Usage - officer

*G5257 *20 ὑπηρέτης (hoop-ay-ret'-ace) : from G5259 and a derivative of eresso (to row); an under-oarsman, i.e. (generally) subordinate (assistant, sexton, constable):--minister, officer, servant.

Words: υπηρεται=9 υπηρεταις υπηρετας=3 υπηρετη=2 υπηρετην=2 υπηρετων=3

How bad was I at canoing?

I was so bad at canoing I had to be paddled! Or (oar) what, you say. Can you (canoe) do it? That does not bode (boat) well for me.

Why should you not start a fire in your kayak?

You cannot have your kayak and heat it too! That was a warmed over joke.

54. To see a timely prison watch

The modern Greek word "φυλακή" (fee-la-KEE) ≈ "watch, prison" from the ancient Greek word "φυλακή" ≈ "watch, prison" where "prison" was one way to be "watched". The Greek word is the source of the English word "prophylactic".

14:25 And in the fourth watch of the night Jesus went unto them, walking on the sea. [kjv]

τεταρτη δε φυλακη της νυκτος ηλθεν προς αυτους περιπατων επι την θαλασσαν [gnt]

55. Matthew 14:25

Matthew 14:25

All

KJV: And in the fourth watch of the night Jesus went unto them, walking on the sea.

Greek: τεταρτη δε φυλακη της νυκτος απηλθεν ηλθεν προς αυτους ο ιησους περιπατων επι της θαλασσης την θαλασσαν

56. Matthew 5:25 Animal model

An animal model that fits is the following.

The "adversary" is the "serpent".
The "judge" is a "bird" (false teacher/leader)
The "officer" is a "pig" (getting in the way of sinners, doing the dirty work for the "birds").
The "watch" has many "fish", some of which "watch" and report back to the "pigs" and/or "birds".

57. Strongs - watch

*G5438 *46 φυλακή (foo-lak-ay') : from G5442; a guarding or (concretely, guard), the act, the person; figuratively, the place, the condition, or (specially), the time (as a division of day or night), literally or figuratively:--cage, hold, (im-)prison(-ment), ward, watch.

Usage

All

φυλακη *19

Matthew 14:3 ... and put him in prison for Herodias' sake, his ...
Matthew 14:10 ... and beheaded John in the prison.
Matthew 14:25 And in the fourth watch of the night Jesus went ...
Matthew 24:43 ... the goodman of the house had known in what watch the thief would come, ...
Matthew 25:36 ... me: I was in prison, and ye came unto me.
Matthew 25:39 ... sick, or in prison, and came unto thee?
Matthew 25:43 ... sick, and in prison, and ye visited me not.
Matthew 25:44 ... sick, or in prison, and did not ...
Mark 6:17 ... bound him in prison for Herodias' sake, his ...
Mark 6:28 And brought his head in a charger, ...
Luke 3:20 ... he shut up John in prison.
Luke 12:38 ... he shall come in the second watch, or come ...
Luke 23:19 ... for murder, was cast into prison.)
Acts 5:22 ... them not in the prison, they returned, and told,
Acts 5:25 ... whom ye put in prison are standing in ...
Acts 12:5 Peter therefore was kept in prison: but prayer was ...
1 Peter 3:19 ... and preached unto the spirits in prison;
Revelation 18:2 ... of devils, and the hold of every foul spirit, and a cage of every unclean ...

φυλακην *15

Matthew 5:25 ... and thou be cast into prison.
Matthew 18:30 ... cast him into prison, till he should pay the debt.
Mark 6:48 ... and about the fourth watch of the night he cometh unto ...
Luke 12:58 ... cast thee into prison.
Luke 22:33 ... thee, both into prison, and to death.
Luke 23:25 ... murder was cast into prison, whom they had desired; but ...
John 3:24 ... not yet cast into prison.
Acts 8:3 ... women committed them to prison.
Acts 12:4 ... he had apprehended him, he put him in prison, and delivered him to four quaternions ...
Acts 12:6 ... before the door kept the prison.
Acts 12:10 ... the first and the second ward, they came unto the iron ...
Acts 16:23 ... upon them, they cast them into prison, charging the jailor to keep ...
Acts 16:24 ... them into the inner prison, and made their ...
Acts 16:37 ... Romans, and have cast us into prison; and now do they thrust ...
Revelation 2:10 ... some of you into prison, that ye may be tried; and ...

φυλακης *6

Acts 5:19 ... by night opened the prison doors, and brought ...
Acts 12:17 ... had brought him out of the prison. And he said, Go shew ...
Acts 16:27 ... of his sleep, and seeing the prison doors open, he drew out ...
Acts 16:40 And they went out of the prison, and entered into the house of Lydia: ...
Hebrews 11:36 ... moreover of bonds and imprisonment:
Revelation 20:7 ... shall be loosed out of his prison,

φυλακας *3

Luke 2:8 ... shepherds abiding in the field, keeping watch over their flock by night.
Luke 21:12 ... to the synagogues, and into prisons, being brought before kings ...
Acts 22:4 ... and delivering into prisons both men and women.

φυλακαις *3

Acts 26:10 ... did I shut up in prison, having received authority from ...
2 Corinthians 6:5 In stripes, in imprisonments, in tumults, in ...
2 Corinthians 11:23 ... stripes above measure, in prisons more frequent, in deaths oft.

58. Usage - watch

*G5438 *46 φυλακή (foo-lak-ay') : from G5442; a guarding or (concretely, guard), the act, the person; figuratively, the place, the condition, or (specially), the time (as a division of day or night), literally or figuratively:--cage, hold, (im-)prison(-ment), ward, watch.

Words: φυλακαις=3 φυλακας=3 φυλακη=19 φυλακην=15 φυλακης=6

How about, figuratively a "fish" "bowl"?

59. Matthew and Luke

▶

1 Jesus teaches people

2 Matthew writes Gospel

3 Luke writes Gospel

Luke records and correctly reports what people remembered as to the meaning of what Jesus said, sometimes using other words. This often loses the additional meanings as recorded in Matthew.

More: Parables and secret codes explained by Jesus

60. Differences

Many of the differences between Matthew and Luke can be explained by the context in which each was written.

Jesus: Jew, spoke Aramaic and Greek.
Matthew: Jew, spoke Aramaic and Greek, eyewitness, took notes.
Luke: Greek, spoke Greek, interviewed eyewitnesses about their memory.

More: An errant look at Biblical inerrancy and infallibility

More: Shock and awe

61. Luke 12:58

Luke 12:58 When thou goest with thine adversary to the magistrate, as thou art in the way, give diligence that thou mayest be delivered from him; lest he hale thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer, and the officer cast thee into prison. [kjv]

ως γαρ υπαγεις μετα του αντιδικου σου επ αρχοντα εν τη οδω δος εργασιαν απηλλαχθαι απ αυτου μηποτε κατασυρη σε προς τον κριτην και ο κριτης σε παραδωσει τω πρακτορι και ο πρακτωρ σε βαλει εις φυλακην [gnt]

As happens many times, people tended to remember and tell Luke some 20 years later is a more literal interpretation of what was recorded by Matthew, adding and embellishing those ideas in a literal sense.

In many cases, the context recorded by Matthew, which tends to fit together as pieces of a puzzle, are not found in Luke. Luke does, however, do a good job of putting together what pieces he was provided with in a nice thematic way.

62. Comparing Matthew and Luke

Luke adds the turning over to the (civil) "magistrate".
Luke changes the "quick" "good mind" (without any conditions) to "earnestness" (with the goal) to be "set free".
Luke changes the general "officer" who works for the "judge" to the (civil) "officer" (different word).
Luke changes the neutral "turned over" to the one way meaning of "drug away".

In general, Luke, from what people remembered, changes general words that have multiple meanings to a word that has only one (of many) meanings.

63. Luke 12:58

Luke 12:58

All

KJV: When thou goest with thine adversary to the magistrate, as thou art in the way, give diligence that thou mayest be delivered from him; lest he hale thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer, and the officer cast thee into prison.

Greek: ως γαρ υπαγεις μετα του αντιδικου σου επ αρχοντα εν τη οδω δος εργασιαν απηλλαχθαι απ αυτου μηποτε κατασυρη σε προς τον κριτην και ο κριτης σε παραδω παραδωσει τω πρακτορι και ο πρακτωρ σε βαλλη βαλει εις φυλακην

64. Table of animal analogy roles

Animal	Religious hierarchy	Civil hierarchy
snake	(adversary)
birds	judge (High Priest)	judge (Pilate)
pigs	religious workers	soldiers
fish	crowd	crowd

Discuss:

Snake: The adversary needs others to do the actual dirty work.
Birds: Where did Jesus get the more fair trial by the judge?
Pigs: Where was Jesus treated better before the judgment?
Fish: Who did (the vocal part of) the crowd support? For whom was (the vocal part of) the crowd working?

65. Matthew 5:26 Verily

Matthew 5:26 Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing. [kjv]

αμην λεγω σοι ου μη εξελθης εκειθεν εως αν αποδως τον εσχατον κοδραντην [gnt]

Jesus starts this verse with the Latin-based word "verily" or "truly" that is the Greek word for "amen". During the Middle Ages, any "amen" spoken by Jesus at the start of a verse was changed from "amen" to "verily" or "truly".

More: Verily, a true beginning and amen

More: Usage of Greek amen by John

66. Verily, a true beginning and amen

Matthew 5:26 Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing. [kjv]

αμην λεγω σοι ου μη εξελθης εκειθεν εως αν αποδως τον εσχατον κοδραντην [gnt]

The Hebrew word "amen" has been translated as a transliteration into almost every language on the planet (that has a Bible in their language). The meaning is that of affirming "it is so" and can appear at the beginning, middle or end of a sentence. Saying that "amen" means "so be it" tends to place the "amen" at the end of the sentence.

The Hebrew root has a connotation of "right" as in right-hand side which historically was considered the stronger side. The connotation of direction, when facing the rising sun (in the northern hemisphere) was that of "south" while "north" was considered more sinister and "evil" as in "bad". This idea was often associated with the tribe of Dan and with the snake (serpent) and, later, the eagle (bird of prey).

More: Verily, a true beginning and amen

67. Matthew 5:26 Double negative

Matthew 5:26 Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing. [kjv]

αμην λεγω σοι ου μη εξελθης εκειθεν εως αν αποδως τον εσχατον κοδραντην [gnt]

The Greek translated as "by no means" is a double-negative (for emphasis) in Greek.

"ου" ≈ "no" and "μη" ≈ "not".
"ου μη" ≈ "no not" and appears in 137 verses in the GNT.

More: Do not no way use double negatives

68. Strongs - come out

*G1831 *219 ἐξέρχομαι (ex-er'-khom-ahee) : from G1537 and G2064; to issue (literally or figuratively):--come (forth, out), depart (out of), escape, get out, go (abroad, away, forth, out, thence), proceed (forth), spread abroad.

Usage

All

εξηλθεν *67

Matthew 8:34 And, behold, the whole city came out to meet Jesus: ...
Matthew 9:26 And the fame hereof went abroad into all that land.
Matthew 13:3 ... saying, Behold, a sower went forth to sow;
Matthew 17:18 ... the devil; and he departed out of him: and ...
Matthew 20:1 ... unto a man that is an householder, which went out early in the morning to hire ...
Matthew 21:17 And he left them, and went out of the city into ...
Mark 1:26 ... cried with a loud voice, he came out of him.
Mark 1:28 And immediately his fame spread abroad throughout all the region round about Galilee.
Mark 1:35 ... rising up a great while before day, he went out, and departed into ...
Mark 2:12 ... took up the bed, and went forth before them all; insomuch that ...
Mark 2:13 And he went forth again by the sea side; and ...
Mark 4:3 Hearken; Behold, there went out a sower to sow:
Mark 6:1 And he went out from thence, and came into ...
Mark 8:27 And Jesus went out, and his disciples, ...
Mark 9:26 ... rent him sore, and came out of him: and he was as ...
Mark 11:11 ... and now the eventide was come, he went out unto Bethany with the twelve.
Mark 14:68 ... thou sayest. And he went out into the porch; ...
Luke 2:1 ... in those days, that there went out a decree from Cæsar ...
Luke 4:14 ... into Galilee: and there went out a fame of him ...
Luke 4:35 ... Hold thy peace, and come out of him. And when the devil had thrown him in the midst, he came out of him, ...
Luke 5:27 And after these things he went forth, and saw a publican, ...
Luke 7:17 ... rumour of him went forth throughout all Judæa, ...
Luke 8:5 A sower went out to sow his seed: and ...
Luke 8:35 Then they went out to see what was done; and came to Jesus, and found the man, out of whom the devils were departed, sitting at ...
Luke 17:29 But the same day that Lot went out of Sodom it rained ...
John 4:43 Now after two days he departed thence, and went ...
John 8:59 ... Jesus hid himself, and went out of the temple, going ...
John 10:39 ... to take him: but he escaped out of their hand,
John 11:31 ... she rose up hastily and went out, followed her, saying, ...
John 11:44 And he that was dead came forth, bound hand and ...
John 13:3 ... hands, and that he was come from God, and ...
John 13:30 ... having received the sop went immediately out: and it was night.
John 13:31 Therefore, when he was gone out, Jesus said, Now ...
John 18:1 When Jesus had spoken these words, he went forth with his disciples ...
John 18:4 ... should come upon him, went forth, and said unto them, Whom seek ye?
John 18:16 ... the door without. Then went out that other disciple, ...
John 18:29 Pilate then went out unto them, and ...
John 18:38 ... And when he had said this, he went out again unto the Jews, ...
John 19:4 Pilate therefore went forth again, and ...
John 19:5 Then came Jesus forth, wearing the crown ...
John 19:17 And he bearing his cross went forth into a place called ...
John 19:34 ... side, and forthwith came there out blood and water.
John 20:3 Peter therefore went forth, and that other ...
John 21:23 Then went this saying abroad among the brethren, ...
Acts 1:21 ... Jesus went in and out among us,
Acts 10:23 ... them. And on the morrow Peter went away with them, and ...
Acts 11:25 Then departed Barnabas to Tarsus, for to seek Saul:
Acts 14:20 ... the city: and the next day he departed with Barnabas to Derbe.
Acts 15:40 And Paul chose Silas, and departed, being recommended by the brethren ...
Acts 16:18 ... of Jesus Christ to come out of her. And he came out the same hour.
Acts 16:19 ... the hope of their gains was gone, they caught Paul and ...
Acts 17:33 So Paul departed from among them.
Acts 18:23 And after he had spent some time there, he departed, and went over all the country of Galatia ...
Acts 20:1 ... him the disciples, and embraced them, and departed for to go into Macedonia.
Acts 20:11 ... even till break of day, so he departed.
Romans 10:18 ... Yes verily, their sound went into all the earth, ...
1 Corinthians 14:36 What? came the word of God out from you? ...
2 Corinthians 8:17 ... being more forward, of his own accord he went unto you.
Hebrews 11:8 By faith Abraham, when he was called to go out into a place which he should after receive for an inheritance, obeyed; and he went out, not knowing ...
Revelation 6:2 ... was given unto him: and he went forth conquering, and to conquer.
Revelation 6:4 And there went out another horse that was red: and ...
Revelation 14:15 And another angel came out of the temple, crying ...
Revelation 14:17 And another angel came out of the temple which is ...
Revelation 14:18 And another angel came out from the altar, which had ...
Revelation 14:20 ... the city, and blood came out of the winepress, even unto ...
Revelation 16:17 ... into the air; and there came a great voice out ...
Revelation 19:5 And a voice came out of the throne, saying, ...

εξελθων *21

Matthew 13:1 The same day went Jesus out of the house, ...
Matthew 14:14 And Jesus went forth, and saw a great multitude, ...
Matthew 15:21 Then Jesus went thence, and departed into ...
Matthew 18:28 But the same servant went out, and found one of ...
Matthew 20:3 And he went out about the third hour, ...
Matthew 20:5 Again he went out about the sixth and ...
Matthew 20:6 ... the eleventh hour he went out, and found others standing ...
Matthew 24:1 And Jesus went out, and departed from the temple: ...
Matthew 26:75 ... me thrice. And he went out, and wept bitterly.
Mark 1:45 But he went out, and began to publish it much, and ...
Mark 6:34 And Jesus, when he came out, saw much people, ...
Mark 7:31 And again, departing from the coasts of Tyre ...
Luke 1:22 And when he came out, he could not speak unto them: ...
Luke 4:42 And when it was day, he departed and went into a desert ...
Luke 14:18 ... a piece of ground, and I must needs go and see it: ...
Luke 15:28 ... go in: therefore came his father out, and intreated him.
Luke 22:39 And he came out, and went, as he was wont, to ...
Luke 22:62 And Peter went out, and wept bitterly.
Acts 7:4 Then came he out of the land of the Chaldæans, and dwelt ...
Acts 12:9 And he went out, and followed him; and wist ...
Acts 12:17 ... and to the brethren. And he departed, and went into another place.

εξηλθον *20

Matthew 12:44 ... my house from whence I came out; and when he is come, he findeth ...
Matthew 25:1 ... took their lamps, and went forth to meet the bridegroom.
Matthew 26:30 And when they had sung an hymn, they went out into the mount of Olives.
Mark 1:38 ... there also: for therefore came I forth.
Mark 3:21 ... his friends heard of it, they went out to lay hold on him: for ...
Mark 8:11 And the Pharisees came forth, and began to question ...
Mark 14:16 And his disciples went forth, and came into ...
Mark 14:26 And when they had sung an hymn, they went out into the mount of Olives.
Luke 8:35 Then they went out to see what was done; and came to Jesus, and found the man, out of whom the devils were departed, sitting at ...
Luke 11:24 ... unclean spirit is gone out of a man, he walketh through dry places, seeking rest; and finding none, he saith, I will return unto my house whence I came out.
John 4:30 Then they went out of the city, and came ...
John 12:13 Took branches of palm trees, and went forth to meet him, ...
John 16:27 ... have believed that I came out from God.
John 16:28 I came forth from the Father, and am come into ...
John 17:8 ... have known surely that I came out from thee, and ...
John 21:3 ... go with thee. They went forth, and entered into ...
2 Corinthians 2:13 ... but taking my leave of them, I went from thence into Macedonia.
Philippians 4:15 ... the beginning of the gospel, when I departed from Macedonia, no ...
Revelation 9:3 And there came out of the smoke locusts upon ...
Revelation 15:6 And the seven angels came out of the temple, having ...

εξελθοντες *18

Matthew 8:32 ... unto them, Go. And when they were come out, they went into the herd ...
Matthew 9:31 But they, when they were departed, spread abroad his fame ...
Matthew 12:14 Then the Pharisees went out, and held a council against ...
Matthew 22:10 So those servants went out into the highways, and gathered together ...
Matthew 27:53 And came out of the graves after his ...
Mark 1:29 And forthwith, when they were come out of the synagogue, they entered ...
Mark 3:6 And the Pharisees went forth, and straightway took counsel ...
Mark 6:12 And they went out, and preached that men should repent.
Mark 9:30 And they departed thence, and passed through Galilee; ...
Mark 16:20 And they went forth, and preached every where, the Lord ...
Luke 10:10 ... they receive you not, go your ways out into the streets of the same, and say,
Acts 12:10 ... to them of his own accord: and they went out, and passed on through one street; ...
Acts 15:24 Forasmuch as we have heard, that certain which went out from us have troubled ...
Acts 16:36 ... let you go: now therefore depart, and go in peace.
Acts 16:40 And they went out of the prison, and entered into the house of Lydia: and when they had seen the brethren, they comforted them, and departed.
Acts 21:5 ... had accomplished those days, we departed and went our way; and they all brought ...
Acts 21:8 ... day we that were of Paul's company departed, and came unto Cæsarea: ...
Hebrews 3:16 ... howbeit not all that came out of Egypt by Moses.

εξελθε *10

Mark 1:25 ... saying, Hold thy peace, and come out of him.
Mark 5:8 For he said unto him, Come out of the man, thou unclean spirit.
Mark 9:25 ... I charge thee, come out of him, and ...
Luke 4:35 ... Hold thy peace, and come out of him. And when the devil had thrown him in the midst, he came out of him, ...
Luke 5:8 ... Jesus' knees, saying, Depart from me; for ...
Luke 13:31 ... of the Pharisees, saying unto him, Get thee out, and depart hence: ...
Luke 14:21 ... said to his servant, Go out quickly into the streets ...
Luke 14:23 ... said unto the servant, Go out into the highways and ...
Acts 7:3 And said unto him, Get thee out of thy country, ...
Acts 22:18 ... unto me, Make haste, and get thee quickly out of Jerusalem: ...

εξελθειν *10

Mark 9:29 ... This kind can come forth by nothing, but ...
Luke 6:12 ... in those days, that he went out into a mountain to pray, ...
Luke 8:29 For he had commanded the unclean spirit to come out of the man. For ...
John 1:44 Now Philip was of Bethsaida, the city ...
John 8:9 ... being convicted by their own conscience, went out one by one, ...
Acts 16:3 Him would Paul have to go forth with him; and ...
Acts 16:10 ... the vision, immediately we endeavoured to go into Macedonia, assuredly gathering ...
Acts 16:18 ... of Jesus Christ to come out of her. And he came out the same hour.
1 Corinthians 5:10 ... for then must ye needs go out of the world.
Hebrews 11:8 By faith Abraham, when he was called to go out into a place which he should after receive for an inheritance, obeyed; and he went out, not knowing ...

εξερχομενοι *5

Matthew 8:28 ... him two possessed with devils, coming out of the tombs, exceeding ...
Matthew 10:14 ... hear your words, when ye depart out of that house ...
Matthew 27:32 And as they came out, they found a man of Cyrene, Simon ...
Luke 9:5 ... not receive you, when ye go out of that city, ...
Luke 9:6 And they departed, and went through the towns, preaching the gospel, ...

εξηλθατε *5

Matthew 11:7 ... concerning John, What went ye out into the wilderness to see? ...
Matthew 11:8 But what went ye out for to see? A man clothed ...
Matthew 11:9 But what went ye out for to see? A prophet? yea, ...
Matthew 26:55 ... said Jesus to the multitudes, Are ye come out as against a thief ...
Mark 14:48 ... answered and said unto them, Are ye come out, as against a thief, ...

εξεληλυθατε *4

Luke 7:24 ... concerning John, What went ye out into the wilderness for to see? ...
Luke 7:25 But what went ye out for to see? A man clothed ...
Luke 7:26 But what went ye out for to see? A prophet? Yea, ...
Luke 22:52 ... were come to him, Be ye come out, as against a thief, ...

εξηλθαν *4

Acts 16:40 And they went out of the prison, and entered into the house of Lydia: and when they had seen the brethren, they comforted them, and departed.
1 John 2:19 They went out from us, but they were not ...
2 John 1:7 For many deceivers are entered into the world, ...
3 John 1:7 Because that for his name's sake they went forth, taking nothing of the Gentiles.

εξελευσεται *3

Matthew 2:6 ... for out of thee shall come a Governor, that shall rule ...
John 10:9 ... and shall go in and out, and find pasture.
Revelation 20:8 And shall go out to deceive the nations which are in ...

εξελευσονται *3

Matthew 8:12 But the children of the kingdom shall be cast out into outer ...
Matthew 13:49 ... the end of the world: the angels shall come forth, and sever the wicked ...
Acts 7:7 ... and after that shall they come forth, and serve me ...

εξελθητε *3

Matthew 10:11 ... and there abide till ye go thence.
Matthew 24:26 ... in the desert; go not forth: behold, he is in ...
Mark 6:10 ... there abide till ye depart from that place.

εξελθη *3

Matthew 12:43 When the unclean spirit is gone out of a man, he walketh ...
Luke 11:24 ... unclean spirit is gone out of a man, he walketh through dry places, seeking rest; and finding none, he saith, I will return unto my house whence I came out.
Revelation 3:12 ... my God, and he shall go no more out: ...

εξερχεται *3

Matthew 15:18 But those things which proceed out of the mouth come forth from the heart; and they ...
Matthew 24:27 For as the lightning cometh out of the east, and ...
James 3:10 Out of the same mouth proceedeth blessing and cursing. ...

εξελθουσα *3

Matthew 15:22 And, behold, a woman of Canaan came out of the same ...
Mark 6:24 And she went forth, and said unto her mother, What ...
Acts 28:3 ... laid them on the fire, there came a viper out of the heat, ...

εξελθοντα *3

Matthew 26:71 And when he was gone out into the porch, ...
Mark 5:13 ... the unclean spirits went out, and entered into the swine: ...
Luke 8:33 Then went the devils out of the man, and entered ...

εξελθοντος *3

Mark 5:2 And when he was come out of the ship, ...
Luke 11:14 ... And it came to pass, when the devil was gone out, the dumb spake; ...
Luke 11:53 And as he said these things unto ...

εξηρχοντο *3

Luke 4:41 And devils also came out of many, crying out, ...
John 8:53 Art thou greater than our father Abraham, ...
Acts 8:7 ... crying with loud voice, came out of many that were possessed with them: and ...

εξελθης *2

Matthew 5:26 ... unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hast paid ...
Luke 12:59 I tell thee, thou shalt not depart thence, till ...

εξερχονται *2

Matthew 15:19 For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, ...
Luke 4:36 ... the unclean spirits, and they come out.

εξερχεσθε *2

Matthew 25:6 ... Behold, the bridegroom cometh; go ye out to meet him.
Luke 9:4 ... abide, and thence depart.

εξελθοντων *2

Mark 6:54 And when they were come out of the ship, straightway ...
Mark 11:12 And on the morrow, when they were come from Bethany, he was hungry:

εξεληλυθεν *2

Mark 7:29 ... saying go thy way; the devil is gone out of thy daughter.
1 Thessalonians 1:8 ... to God-ward is spread abroad; so that we need ...

εξηρχετο *2

Luke 6:19 ... to touch him: for there went virtue out of him, ...
John 8:9 ... being convicted by their own conscience, went out one by one, ...

εξεληλυθει *2

Luke 8:2 ... Magdalene, out of whom went seven devils,
Luke 8:38 ... whom the devils were departed besought him that he might be with ...

εξελθατε *2

2 Corinthians 6:17 Wherefore come out from among them, and ...
Revelation 18:4 ... from heaven, saying, Come out of her, my ...

εξερχομενων

Matthew 9:32 As they went out, behold, they brought to him ...

εξελθουσαν

Mark 5:30 ... himself that virtue had gone out of him, turned him about ...

εξεληλυθος

Mark 7:30 ... house, she found the devil gone out, and her daughter laid ...

εξελθουσαι

Mark 16:8 And they went out quickly, and fled from the sepulchre; ...

εξελθοντι

Luke 8:27 And when he went forth to land, ...

εξεληλυθυιαν

Luke 8:46 ... I perceive that virtue is gone out of me.

εξερχομενος

Luke 21:37 ... the temple; and at night he went out, and abode in the mount ...

εξηλθες

John 16:30 ... this we believe that thou camest forth from God.

εξηλθομεν

Acts 16:13 And on the sabbath we went out of the city by ...

εξεληλυθοτας

Hebrews 7:5 ... their brethren, though they come out of the loins of Abraham:

εξερχωμεθα

Hebrews 13:13 Let us go forth therefore unto him without the camp, ...

εξεληλυθασιν

1 John 4:1 ... because many false prophets are gone out into the world.

εξελθουση

Revelation 19:21 And the remnant were slain with the sword of him ...

69. Usage - come out

*G1831 *219 ἐξέρχομαι (ex-er'-khom-ahee) : from G1537 and G2064; to issue (literally or figuratively):--come (forth, out), depart (out of), escape, get out, go (abroad, away, forth, out, thence), proceed (forth), spread abroad.

Words: εξελευσεται=3 εξελευσονται=3 εξεληλυθασιν εξεληλυθατε=4 εξεληλυθει=2 εξεληλυθεν=2 εξεληλυθος εξεληλυθοτας εξεληλυθυιαν εξελθατε=2 εξελθε=10 εξελθειν=10 εξελθη=3 εξελθης=2 εξελθητε=3 εξελθοντα=3 εξελθοντες=18 εξελθοντι εξελθοντος=3 εξελθοντων=2 εξελθουσα=3 εξελθουσαι εξελθουσαν εξελθουση εξελθων=21 εξερχεσθε=2 εξερχεται=3 εξερχομενοι=5 εξερχομενος εξερχομενων εξερχονται=2 εξερχωμεθα εξηλθαν=4 εξηλθατε=5 εξηλθεν=67 εξηλθες εξηλθομεν εξηλθον=20 εξηρχετο=2 εξηρχοντο=3

70. Matthew 5:26 Come or go

Matthew 5:26 Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing. [kjv]

αμην λεγω σοι ου μη εξελθης εκειθεν εως αν αποδως τον εσχατον κοδραντην [gnt]

As in a previous verse, the word translated as "come out" is, in Greek, the same word as "go out". Context determines the meaning. When one of two meanings is picked in English any double-meaning is lost.

In this case, one should "go out" to do the good works that Jesus wants done. But, the religious establishment may use the "yoke of compulsion" to enslave the faithful so that they cannot "go out".

This exact form of the word is used two times in the GNT and six times in the LXX - with the meaning of "go forth" and not "come forth"

71. Go forth

Here are two of the six usages of the word in the LXX.

Deuteronomy 23:9 When the host goeth forth against thine enemies, then keep thee from every wicked thing. [kjv]

εαν δε εξελθης παρεμβαλειν επι τους εχθρους σου και φυλαξη απο παντος ρηματος πονηρου [lxx]

Ezekiel 3:25 But thou, O son of man, behold, they shall put bands upon thee, and shall bind thee with them, and thou shalt not go out among them: [kjv]

και συ υιε ανθρωπου ιδου δεδονται επι σε δεσμοι και δησουσιν σε εν αυτοις και ου μη εξελθης εκ μεσου αυτων [lxx]

72. Deuteronomy 23:9

Deuteronomy 23:9

All

KJV: When the host goeth forth against thine enemies, then keep thee from every wicked thing.

Hebrew: כי תצא מחנה על איביך ונשמרת מכל דבר רע׃

Greek: εαν δε εξελθης παρεμβαλειν επι τους εχθρους σου και φυλαξη απο παντος ρηματος πονηρου

73. Ezekiel 3:25

Ezekiel 3:25

All

KJV: But thou, O son of man, behold, they shall put bands upon thee, and shall bind thee with them, and thou shalt not go out among them:

Hebrew: ואתה בן אדם הנה נתנו עליך עבותים ואסרוך בהם ולא תצא בתוכם׃

Greek: και συ υιε ανθρωπου ιδου δεδονται επι σε δεσμοι και δησουσιν σε εν αυτοις και ου μη εξελθης εκ μεσου αυτων

74. Out of hope

Matthew 5:26 Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing. [kjv]

αμην λεγω σοι ου μη εξελθης εκειθεν εως αν αποδως τον εσχατον κοδραντην [gnt]

Luke 12:59 I tell thee, thou shalt not depart thence, till thou hast paid the very last mite. [kjv]

λεγω σοι ου μη εξελθης εκειθεν εως και το εσχατον λεπτον αποδως [gnt]

The exact form of the word "come out" or "go out" is used only two times in the GNT - the other being the corresponding verse in Luke. As such, it appears to be a play on words.

"εξελθής" ≈ "go out, come out".
"εξελπής" ≈ "out of hope, out of expectation" from the Greek word for "hope" or "expectation". Note that this is a made-up word of other actual words that could form a play on words.

Play on words: you shall not be out of hope/expectation until ...

75. Luke 12:59

Luke 12:59

All

KJV: I tell thee, thou shalt not depart thence, till thou hast paid the very last mite.

Greek: λεγω σοι ου μη εξελθης εκειθεν εως ου και το εσχατον λεπτον αποδως

76. Usage - pay

*G591 *48 ἀποδίδωμι (ap-od-eed'-o-mee) : from G575 and G1325; to give away, i.e. up, over, back, etc. (in various applications):--deliver (again), give (again), (re-)pay(-ment be made), perform, recompense, render, requite, restore, reward, sell, yield.

Words: απεδετο απεδιδουν απεδοντο απεδοσθε απεδωκεν=2 αποδιδοναι αποδιδοντες=2 αποδιδοτω αποδιδους αποδιδωμι αποδιδωσιν αποδοθηναι=2 αποδοι αποδος=3 αποδοτε=5 αποδουναι=4 αποδους αποδω=2 αποδως=2 αποδωσει=7 αποδωσεις αποδωσοντες αποδωσουσιν=3 αποδωσω=3

77. Usage - pay

The Greek word translated as "pay" is that of, literally, "turning over" as in the saying "fork it over". This exact form of the word appears two times in the GNT. The Luke verse in what people remembered about what Jesus said as recorded by Matthew.

Matthew 5:26 Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing. [kjv]

αμην λεγω σοι ου μη εξελθης εκειθεν εως αν αποδως τον εσχατον κοδραντην [gnt]

Luke 12:59 I tell thee, thou shalt not depart thence, till thou hast paid the very last mite. [kjv]

λεγω σοι ου μη εξελθης εκειθεν εως και το εσχατον λεπτον αποδως [gnt]

78. Song: Jesus paid it all

1 Corinthians 7:23 Ye are bought with a price; be not ye the servants of men. [kjv]

τιμης ηγορασθητε μη γινεσθε δουλοι ανθρωπων [gnt]

Elvina M. Hall (1818-1889) Virginia, wrote the words to the song "Jesus paid it all" in the hymnal while day-dreaming during a sermon. John T. Grape happened to have just written a melody. They fit exactly. It was written in 1865 as the American Civil War was coming to a close.

Matthew 5:26 Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing. [kjv]

αμην λεγω σοι ου μη εξελθης εκειθεν εως αν αποδως τον εσχατον κοδραντην [gnt]

Question: If Jesus paid it all, do we need to keep paying the religious establishment? Can we just go out and do what Jesus asks us to do? Music: Jesus paid it all

More: Song: Jesus paid it all

79. Matthew 5:26 Uttermost

Matthew 5:26 Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing. [kjv]

αμην λεγω σοι ου μη εξελθης εκειθεν εως αν αποδως τον εσχατον κοδραντην [gnt]

The Greek for "uttermost" is that of "last" as in the "last days" and is the first part of the English word "eschatology".

A joke about "consultants" is that their primary objective is to "extend" the "consulting contract".

Will the "last payment" ever happen if those who are being "paid" make a "profit" or otherwise "subsist" on those "payments"?

The phrase "last farthing" does not mean there will be a "last farthing".

More: Infinity beyond experience

80. Infinity

Matthew 5:26 Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing. [kjv]

αμην λεγω σοι ου μη εξελθης εκειθεν εως αν αποδως τον εσχατον κοδραντην [gnt]

The Greek translated as "uttermost" is that of "last". Is there ever a "last" "payment"?

Incorrect idea: Infinity is like a number so large that there are no numbers beyond it.
Correct idea: Infinity is like a number so large that there is always a number beyond it.

More: Infinity beyond experience

81. Death by taxes

Certainty? In this world nothing is certain but death and taxes.
Benjamin Franklin (American scientist, inventor, philosopher, statesman) .
Which gets worse over time?

He does not possess wealth; it possesses him. Benjamin Franklin.

What does Jesus say about taxes (yokes of compulsion) by religious institutions?

More: Matthew 17:24-27 Tacky attacks on a senseless tax

More: Genesis 47:14-27 Joseph and taxes and enslavement

More: Benjamin Franklin

82. First and last

Matthew 19:30 But many that are first shall be last; and the last shall be first. [kjv]

πολλοι δε εσονται πρωτοι εσχατοι και εσχατοι πρωτοι [gnt]

"πρῶτος" ≈ "first, earliest, most prominent, prime (number)" as in English words beginning with "proto".
"ἔσχατος" ≈ "farthest, most remote, last, final, extreme" and is the source of the English word "eschatology" as a "study of the end times".

83. Stacks and queues

Matthew 19:30 But many that are first shall be last; and the last shall be first. [kjv]

πολλοι δε εσονται πρωτοι εσχατοι και εσχατοι πρωτοι [gnt]

In computer science, a "stack" is a LIFO (Last In First Out) data structure that works as a "stack" of cafeteria trays.

By contrast, a "queue" is a FIFI (First In First Out) data structure.
Using the "new" as living and the "old" as dead, does a stack-based or first-in last-out structure have any meaning?

That is, from a time sequence perspective, the last in shall be first out and the first in shall be last out. This is the definition of a stack structure.

Paraphrase: The first in shall be the last out and the last in shall be the first out.

More: Matthew 13: Eighth kingdom parable: treasure of new and old codes

84. Farthings

Matthew 5:26 Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing. [kjv]

αμην λεγω σοι ου μη εξελθης εκειθεν εως αν αποδως τον εσχατον κοδραντην [gnt]

Mark 12:42 And there came a certain poor widow, and she threw in two mites, which make a farthing. [kjv]

και ελθουσα μια χηρα πτωχη εβαλεν λεπτα δυο ο εστιν κοδραντης [gnt]

The English "farthing" is used for the Greek word that comes from the Latin word "quadrans" ≈ "fourth part" of a Roman coin. This idea is used in the English word "quarter" as one fourth of a dollar.

Two "farthings" made a Roman "assarian" or "as" and is used as a play on words by Jesus in reference to the "birds" selling themselves (and others) out to the Romans.

More: Matthew 10: Taking care of the sparrows

85. Matthew 10:29 Not one sparrow

Matthew 10:29 Are not two sparrows sold for a farthing? and one of them shall not fall on the ground without your Father. [kjv]

ουχι δυο στρουθια ασσαριου πωλειται και εν εξ αυτων ου πεσειται επι την γην ανευ του πατρος υμων [gnt]

Here then is a paraphrase that fits the specific context of the verse and the general idea of birds being the of the evil one.

The "one cookie rule" can be applied here.
Paraphrase: All the sparrows (of the evil one) who sell themselves (or others) out for earthly gain will fall on that earthly ground because they are without God the Father.

Discuss: Provide instances of people (as sparrows) selling themselves (or others) out for money? This could be influence peddling, pay for play, etc.

More: Matthew 10: Taking care of the sparrows

86. Mark 12:42

Mark 12:42

All

KJV: And there came a certain poor widow, and she threw in two mites, which make a farthing.

Greek: και ελθουσα μια χηρα πτωχη εβαλεν λεπτα δυο ο εστιν κοδραντης

87. Strongs - kodranten

*G2835 *2 κοδράντης (kod-ran'-tace) : of Latin origin; a quadrans, i.e. the fourth part of an as:--farthing.

Usage

All

κοδραντην

Matthew 5:26 ... till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing.

κοδραντης

Mark 12:42 ... mites, which make a farthing.

88. Usage - kodranten

Words: κοδραντην=1 κοδραντης

89. Matthew 5:25-26 Review paraphrase

5:26 Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hast paid the uttermost farthing. [kjv]

25: Be of a good quick mind [as a temple of God] with your adversary (the evil one) until, when you are (getting) in the way [with way = method = deception], it would never happen (sarcastic not!), that the adversary turns you over [parody] to the judge (birds who work for the adversary) who use the officer (pigs who work for the birds) to put you in with the watched (fish who are deceived by the birds),
26: Truly, they will require payments (offerings) of you forever so that you [out of hope] cannot go out (to do what Jesus wants you to do).

Jesus will repeat this same idea with the twig and block in the eye, another pair of verses that are not often understood since the meaning requires logical analysis and/or understanding the play on words used.

90. Prisoners

The best way to keep a prisoner from escaping is to make sure he never knows he's in prison. Fyodor Dostoevsky (1821-1881), author of Crime and punishment.

Russian: Фёдор Михайлович Достоевский (1821-1881)
Analogy: The best way to keep people separated from the love of Christ is to not let them know they have separated themselves from the love of Christ.

One way: Convince the people that nothing can separate them from the love of Christ. Therefore, they do not need to worry about anything.

More: Romans 8: Battle cry separation for the love of Christ (part 1)

More: Romans 8: Battle cry separation for the love of Christ (part 2)

More: Matthew 10: Taking care of the sparrows

91. Matthew 5:27-28,31-32 Adulterated hearts

Matthew 5:27 Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not commit adultery: [kjv]

5:28 But I say unto you, That whosoever looketh on a woman to lust after her hath committed adultery with her already in his heart. [kjv]

5:31 It hath been said, Whosoever shall put away his wife, let him give her a writing of divorcement: [kjv]

5:32 But I say unto you, That whosoever shall put away his wife, saving for the cause of fornication, causeth her to commit adultery: and whosoever shall marry her that is divorced committeth adultery. [kjv]

Analogies used (and implied) by Jesus (literal and figurative):