The daze of a crucifixion week

The Hebrew culture used a calender based on the moon, not the sun.

Easter is the first Sunday after the full moon date that falls on or after March 21 of each year.
Technical note: Easter can be between March 22 and April 25 (years 1753 to 2400).

March 21 can depend on the exact calendar system used. Eastern Orthodox churches still use the Julian calendar, about 13 days different from the Gregorian calendar. Russia did not make the calendar change until 1918 which resulted in a strange battle history involving Napoleon in 1805.

[Eastern vs. Western church and passover and Easter/Pascha]

More: The best-laid plans and the fog of war

How about some "cheesy" moon jokes?

What is a full moon?

A full moon is a crazy guy acting like a cow.

The idea of water on the moon is just lunacy.

That is, "lunar sea".

Why is it called a full moon when you can only see half of it?

Here are some other dates related to Easter as the Resurrection Day:

Ash Wednesday (46 days before, 40 days not counting Sunday)
Palm Sunday (1 week before, triumphal entry)
Maundy Thursday (3 days before, mandate)
Good Friday (2 days before, traditional crucifixion)
Ascension Day (39 days after)
Pentecost / Whit Sunday (49 days after)

The crucifixion week is an important part of Christian history. In Jewish tradition (from Genesis), each day starts the evening before and ends at the start of the next evening.

Sabbath: Friday at sunset until Saturday at sunset.

More: Genesis 1:1-31 Pinning hopes on a tentative weak creation model

John 19:31 The Jews therefore, because it was the preparation, that the bodies should not remain upon the cross on the sabbath day, (for that sabbath day was an high day, ) besought Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away. [kjv]

οι ουν ιουδαιοι επει παρασκευη ην ινα μη μεινη επι του σταυρου τα σωματα εν τω σαββατω ην γαρ μεγαλη η ημερα εκεινου του σαββατου ηρωτησαν τον πιλατον ινα κατεαγωσιν αυτων τα σκελη και αρθωσιν [gnt]

The "Day of Preparation" is the day before the Sabbath or High Sabbath. The modern Greek word "Παρασκευή" (Pa-ra-skev-EE) ≈ "Friday", which is, literally, the day of "Preparation".

There appear to be some mistranslations of the GNT (Greek New Testament) in order to fit the Christian tradition of a Friday crucification at the expense of not having three days and three nights in the "belly of the earth" and rise "after the third day". There are many talking points to explain away the obvious contradictions.in the translations of the Greek texts.

Matthew 27:62 Now the next day, that followed the day of the preparation, the chief priests and Pharisees came together unto Pilate, [kjv]

τη δε επαυριον ητις εστιν μετα την παρασκευην συνηχθησαν οι αρχιερεις και οι φαρισαιοι προς πιλατον [gnt]

27:63 Saying, Sir, we remember that that deceiver said, while he was yet alive, After three days I will rise again. [kjv]

λεγοντες κυριε εμνησθημεν οτι εκεινος ο πλανος ειπεν ετι ζων μετα τρεις ημερας εγειρομαι [gnt]

Was this day the special "High Sabbath", the regular "Sabbath" or were they both on the same day?

Are there days when the religious establishment would not go to Pilate?

Matthew 27:62

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KJV: Now the next day, that followed the day of the preparation, the chief priests and Pharisees came together unto Pilate,

Greek: τη δε επαυριον ητις εστιν μετα την παρασκευην συνηχθησαν οι αρχιερεις και οι φαρισαιοι προς πιλατον

Matthew 27:63

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KJV: Saying, Sir, we remember that that deceiver said, while he was yet alive, After three days I will rise again.

Greek: λεγοντες κυριε εμνησθημεν οτι εκεινος ο πλανος ειπεν ετι ζων μετα τρεις ημερας εγειρομαι

Mark 15:42 And now when the even was come, because it was the preparation, that is, the day before the sabbath, [kjv]

και ηδη οψιας γενομενης επει ην παρασκευη ο εστιν προσαββατον [gnt]

15:43 Joseph of Arimathaea, an honourable counsellor, which also waited for the kingdom of God, came, and went in boldly unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus. [kjv]

ελθων ιωσηφ απο αριμαθαιας ευσχημων βουλευτης ος και αυτος ην προσδεχομενος την βασιλειαν του θεου τολμησας εισηλθεν προς τον πιλατον και ητησατο το σωμα του ιησου [gnt]

Mark 15:42

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KJV: And now when the even was come, because it was the preparation, that is, the day before the sabbath,

Greek: και ηδη οψιας γενομενης επει ην παρασκευη ο εστιν προσαββατον

Mark 15:43

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KJV: Joseph of Arimathaea, an honourable counsellor, which also waited for the kingdom of God, came, and went in boldly unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus.

Greek: ηλθεν ελθων ιωσηφ ο απο αριμαθαιας ευσχημων βουλευτης ος και αυτος ην προσδεχομενος την βασιλειαν του θεου τολμησας εισηλθεν προς τον πιλατον και ητησατο το σωμα του ιησου

Luke 23:54 And that day was the preparation, and the sabbath drew on. [kjv]

και ημερα ην παρασκευης και σαββατον επεφωσκεν [gnt]

23:55 And the women also, which came with him from Galilee, followed after, and beheld the sepulchre, and how his body was laid. [kjv]

κατακολουθησασαι δε αι γυναικες αιτινες ησαν συνεληλυθυιαι εκ της γαλιλαιας αυτω εθεασαντο το μνημειον και ως ετεθη το σωμα αυτου [gnt]

Luke 23:54

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KJV: And that day was the preparation, and the sabbath drew on.

Greek: και ημερα ην παρασκευη παρασκευης και σαββατον επεφωσκεν

Luke 23:55

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KJV: And the women also, which came with him from Galilee, followed after, and beheld the sepulchre, and how his body was laid.

Greek: κατακολουθησασαι δε και αι γυναικες αιτινες ησαν συνεληλυθυιαι αυτω εκ της γαλιλαιας αυτω εθεασαντο το μνημειον και ως ετεθη το σωμα αυτου

The Sabbath and the High Sabbath can be on the same day with a 1/7 probability and on a different day with a 6/7 probability.
An Easter tradition is that the crucification of Jesus was on Friday afternoon and that the empty tomb was discovered, with the stone rolled away, on Sunday morning.

The Sunday morning discovery seems well-founded based on the texts of the GNT and subsequent church history and traditions. Some issues arise with the certain passages.

John 19:31

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KJV: The Jews therefore, because it was the preparation, that the bodies should not remain upon the cross on the sabbath day, (for that sabbath day was an high day, ) besought Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away.

Greek: οι ουν ιουδαιοι επει παρασκευη ην ινα μη μεινη επι του σταυρου τα σωματα εν τω σαββατω επει παρασκευη ην ην γαρ μεγαλη η ημερα εκεινου του σαββατου ηρωτησαν τον πιλατον ινα κατεαγωσιν αυτων τα σκελη και αρθωσιν

Latin: Iudaei ergo quoniam parasceve erat ut non remanerent in cruce corpora sabbato erat enim magnus dies ille sabbati rogaverunt Pilatum ut frangerentur eorum crura et tollerentur

Jesus mentions Jonah in Matthew.

Matthew 12:38 Then certain of the scribes and of the Pharisees answered, saying, Master, we would see a sign from thee. [kjv]

τοτε απεκριθησαν αυτω τινες των γραμματεων και φαρισαιων λεγοντες διδασκαλε θελομεν απο σου σημειον ιδειν [gnt]

12:39 But he answered and said unto them, An evil and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given to it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas: [kjv]

ο δε αποκριθεις ειπεν αυτοις γενεα πονηρα και μοιχαλις σημειον επιζητει και σημειον ου δοθησεται αυτη ει μη το σημειον ιωνα του προφητου [gnt]

The ancient Greek word "σημεῖον" ≈ "mark, sign, omen, flag" and is related to the English word "semantic" as in "meaning" and the first part of the English word "semaphore". This word is often translated as "miracle".

Matthew 12:40 For as Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale's belly; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth. [kjv]

ωσπερ γαρ ην ιωνας εν τη κοιλια του κητους τρεις ημερας και τρεις νυκτας ουτως εσται ο υιος του ανθρωπου εν τη καρδια της γης τρεις ημερας και τρεις νυκτας [gnt]

How does one get (a minimum of) both "three" "days" and "three" "nights" from late Friday afternoon right before sundown until Sunday morning?
Did Jesus mean exactly or a minimum of these "days" and "nights"?

The ancient Greek word "τρεῖς" ≈ "three".

Remember: The stone was moved to let the women and disciples in, not let the resurrected Jesus get out.

[Mexican magician]

Matthew 12:38

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KJV: Then certain of the scribes and of the Pharisees answered, saying, Master, we would see a sign from thee.

Greek: τοτε απεκριθησαν αυτω τινες των γραμματεων και φαρισαιων λεγοντες διδασκαλε θελομεν απο σου σημειον ιδειν

Latin: tunc responderunt ei quidam de scribis et Pharisaeis dicentes magister volumus a te signum videre

Wessex: Ða andswereden him sume þa bokeres. & þa sunder-halgan. þus cweðende. Lareow we willeð sum taken of þe ge-seon.

Wycliffe: Thanne summe of the scribis and Farisees answeriden to hym, and seiden, Mayster, we wolen se a tokne of thee.

Tyndale: Then answered certeyne of the scribes and of the Pharises sayinge: Master we wolde fayne se a sygne of ye.

Matthew 12:39

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KJV: But he answered and said unto them, An evil and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given to it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas:

Greek: ο δε αποκριθεις ειπεν αυτοις γενεα πονηρα και μοιχαλις σημειον επιζητει και σημειον ου δοθησεται αυτη ει μη το σημειον ιωνα του προφητου

Latin: qui respondens ait illis generatio mala et adultera signum quaerit et signum non dabitur ei nisi signum Ionae prophetae

Tyndale: He answered and sayde to the: The evyll and advoutrous generacio seketh a signe but ther shall no signe be geve to the saue the signe of the Prophete Ionas.

Slavonic: Он же отвещав рече им: род лукав и прелюбодей знамения ищет, и знамение не дастся ему, токмо знамение Ионы пророка:

Matthew 12:40

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KJV: For as Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale's belly; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.

Greek: ωσπερ γαρ ην ιωνας εν τη κοιλια του κητους τρεις ημερας και τρεις νυκτας ουτως εσται ο υιος του ανθρωπου εν τη καρδια της γης τρεις ημερας και τρεις νυκτας

Latin: sicut enim fuit Ionas in ventre ceti tribus diebus et tribus noctibus sic erit Filius hominis in corde terrae tribus diebus et tribus noctibus

Wessex: Witodlice swa swa ionas waes on þas hwaeles innoðe þreo dages & þreo niht. swa beoð mannes sune on eorðan heortan þreo dages & þreo niht.

Wycliffe: For as Jonas was in the wombe of a whal thre daies and thre nyytis, so mannus sone shal be in the herte of the erthe thre daies and thre nyytis.

Slavonic: якоже бо бе Иона во чреве китове три дни и три нощы, тако будет и Сын Человеческий в сердцы земли три дни и три нощы.

Matthew 12:41 The men of Nineveh shall rise in judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: because they repented at the preaching of Jonas; and, behold, a greater than Jonas is here. [kjv]

ανδρες νινευιται αναστησονται εν τη κρισει μετα της γενεας ταυτης και κατακρινουσιν αυτην οτι μετενοησαν εις το κηρυγμα ιωνα και ιδου πλειον ιωνα ωδε [gnt]

… iudicio … [v]

Matthew 12:41

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KJV: The men of Nineveh shall rise in judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: because they repented at the preaching of Jonas; and, behold, a greater than Jonas is here.

Greek: ανδρες νινευιται αναστησονται εν τη κρισει μετα της γενεας ταυτης και κατακρινουσιν αυτην οτι μετενοησαν εις το κηρυγμα ιωνα και ιδου πλειον ιωνα ωδε

Latin: viri ninevitae surgent in iudicio cum generatione ista et condemnabunt eam quia paenitentiam egerunt in praedicatione Ionae et ecce plus quam Iona hic

Wessex: Niniueissce weres ariseð on dome mid þisse cneornysse & hyo niðeriað hyo. for-þan þe hyo dyden dead-bote on Ionases bodiunge. & þes ys mare þanne Ionas.

Wycliffe: Men of Nynyue schulen rise in doom with this generacioun, and schulen condempne it; for thei diden penaunce in the prechyng of Jonas, and lo! here a gretter than Jonas.

Tyndale: The men of Ninivie shall rise at the daye of iugdement with this nacion and condemne them: for they amended at ye preachinge of Ionas. And beholde a greater then Ionas is here.

Slavonic: Мужие Ниневитстии востанут на суд с родом сим и осудят его, яко покаяшася проповедию Иониною: и се, боле Ионы зде.

Luke 11:29 And when the people were gathered thick together, he began to say, This is an evil generation: they seek a sign; and there shall no sign be given it, but the sign of Jonas the prophet. [kjv]

των δε οχλων επαθροιζομενων ηρξατο λεγειν η γενεα αυτη γενεα πονηρα εστιν σημειον ζητει και σημειον ου δοθησεται αυτη ει μη το σημειον ιωνα [gnt]

Luke mentions the same Jonah and the "sign" but without the three days and three nights and without Nineveh.

More: The sign of a miracle

Luke 11:29

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KJV: And when the people were gathered thick together, he began to say, This is an evil generation: they seek a sign; and there shall no sign be given it, but the sign of Jonas the prophet.

Greek: των δε οχλων επαθροιζομενων ηρξατο λεγειν η γενεα αυτη γενεα πονηρα εστιν σημειον επιζητει ζητει και σημειον ου δοθησεται αυτη ει μη το σημειον ιωνα του προφητου

There is general agreement on the above week. Let us count part of a "day" or "night" as an entire "day" or "night".

The tradition is of a Friday crucifixion. It is hard to rationalize three "days" and three "nights" in the grave.

There are only two "nights".
There are three "days" only if Jesus did not resurrect until after daybreak.

There are three "days". If Jesus waited until a daybreak the last night then there are four "days".
There are three "nights".The resurrection can be any time starting Friday night.
Could the women "buy" spices on the High Sabbath if it were not the regular weekly Sabbath?

Remember: The stone was rolled away to let people in, not let Jesus out.

There are four "days". If Jesus waited until a daybreak the last night then there are five "days".
There are four "nights". The resurrection can be any time starting Friday night.
Time to buy spices

1 2 3 4 5 + - ▶

How does one get "three" "days" and "three" "nights" from Friday afternoon until Sunday morning?

There appear to be some mis-translations in order to make the time line fit the accepted traditions.
The traditions were put in place a long time after the events actually happened.

The "Day of Preparation" is the day before the Sabbath or High Sabbath. The Sabbath and the High Sabbath can be on the same day with a 1/7 probability and on a different day with a 6/7 probability. What does the Greek text say?

[stone rolled away, time to buy spices]

How does one get three "days" and three nights in the grave from late Friday afternoon until early Sunday morning?
The Passover week of the crucifixion of Jesus is documented in the four Gospels. There are some variations in the events and many have tried to harmonize the Gospels for events of the Passover week.

Matthew 21-28

Mark 11-16

Luke 19-24

John 12-21

A model providing redundancy might help resolve any discrepancies.

There are octagons, heptagons, hexagons. One person got very upset when I claimed there were 2-sided polygons. How did I reconcile with the person?

I said that we should just let bi-gons by bi-gons.

The Greek Orthodox church has names for each day of the Passover week. The Catholic and Protestant church have names for many of these days.

#	Name	Traditional events
7	Lazarus Saturday	Raising of Lazarus
1	Palm Sunday	Triumphal entry
2	Holy Monday	Clearing of the Temple
3	Holy Tuesday	Mount of Olives discourse
4	Holy Wednesday	Rest in Bethany
5	Maundy Thursday	Passover and Last supper, arrest, trials
6	Good Friday	Day of Preparation, cross, death, burial
7	Holy Saturday	In the grave
1	Pascha, Easter	Resurrection Sunday, empty tomb

$TPS 10$

The tetractys pattern is the same as the bowling pin layout, except that the base is at the back and the one pin is in the front.

The TenWordPin model does not appear to need many of the interior transitions (vertical) from node to node. The sequential ordering is needed.

For 10 (ten) nodes or elements, there are 10! (ten factorial) or 3,628,800 ways or permutations of arranging those elements. There are 45 possible edges so there are 2⁴⁵ or about 35,000,000,000,000 ways (subsets of edges) to include or exclude each edge in the model. Some models work better than other models.

More: Genesis 5:1-29 Hidden plan of salvation in the generations from Adam to Noah

The seven days of creation are outlined at the beginning of Genesis. Is there a connection to the days of the Passover week?

A TenPin model is now presented which will then be compared with the TenPin models of the following.

More: Genesis 1:1-31 Pinning hopes on a tentative weak creation model

More: Genesis 5:1-29 Hidden plan of salvation in the generations from Adam to Noah

More: Exodus 20:1-26 The Ten Commandments

One tradition is the raising of Lazarus the day before the entry into Jerusalem. This will be associated with the Sabbath and "in the grave".

tc4: Keep the Sabbath holy
lp: Give us tomorrow's bread today
g10: Noah - comforter
kp5: Treasure in the field
rc5: Sardis
Holy Spirit

The Triumphal entry of Jesus into Jerusalem riding on a colt is Palm Sunday. Sunday is the first day of the week.

At the house of Simon the Leper there is a discussion on which "covet" to take.

tc10: No coveting
g1: Adam - man
kp1: sower
rc1: Ephesus

More: Matthew 21:1-15 Triumphal entry

On Monday, Jesus clears the temple.

Does the buying and selling in the temple present a "false witness" to the people? Are there "weeds" who want to be considered "great".

tc9: no false witness
g2: Seth - appointed
kp2: weeds
rc2: Smyrna

On Tuesday, in Jerusalem (many or city on a hill), Judas makes an oath with the religious establishment to betray Jesus. Jesus makes oaths of a sort on the Mount of Olives (few on a hill).

tc8: no stealing
g3: Enos - mortal
kp3: tree
sm: many on a hill, oaths
rc3: Pergamon

More: Matthew 24:1-15 Wars and rumors of wars

Matthew 26:17 Now the first day of the feast of unleavened bread the disciples came to Jesus, saying unto him, Where wilt thou that we prepare for thee to eat the passover? [kjv]

τη δε πρωτη των αζυμων προσηλθον οι μαθηται τω ιησου λεγοντες που θελεις ετοιμασωμεν σοι φαγειν το πασχα [gnt]

The disciples expected to eat the unleavened bread on the Day of Preparation. Jesus provides instructions, but this may have been for the day before the usual day.

Upper room: We are already booked for the Passover crowd on the Day of Preparation with unleavened bread.
Early bird special: Make your reservations the day before. Get the leavened bread at a special price before it is too late!

How well does unleavened bread dip compared to leavened bread?

Matthew 26:17

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KJV: Now the first day of the feast of unleavened bread the disciples came to Jesus, saying unto him, Where wilt thou that we prepare for thee to eat the passover?

Greek: τη δε πρωτη των αζυμων προσηλθον οι μαθηται τω ιησου λεγοντες αυτω που θελεις ετοιμασωμεν σοι φαγειν το πασχα

On Wednesday, Jesus arranges the Last Supper. Did they eat leavened or unleavened bread at the Last Supper?

tc7: no adultery
rc4: Thiatira
kp4: Leaven mixed in
g4: Cainan - acquisition/nest

On Thursday (night before), Jesus is betrayed, arrested, has trials during the night, is crucified, dead and buried.

tc4: no killing
rc7: Laodicia - apostate church
kp7: harvest at the end of the age
g8: Methusalah - his death shall bring

Exodus 12:23 For the LORD will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when he seeth the blood upon the lintel, and on the two side posts, the LORD will pass over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer to come in unto your houses to smite you. [kjv]

και παρελευσεται κυριος παταξαι τους αιγυπτιους και οψεται το αιμα επι της φλιας και επ αμφοτερων των σταθμων και παρελευσεται κυριος την θυραν και ουκ αφησει τον ολεθρευοντα εισελθειν εις τας οικιας υμων παταξαι [lxx]

The separation is not by:

The separation is by those whose door is washed in the blood., whether Hebrew or Egyptian (non-Hebrews).

Moses, as a type of Jesus, leads the Hebrews on the "way out" to the land of "milk and honey".

More: Exodus 12: Passover

Exodus 12:24 And ye shall observe this thing for an ordinance to thee and to thy sons for ever. [kjv]

και φυλαξεσθε το ρημα τουτο νομιμον σεαυτω και τοις υιοις σου εως αιωνος [lxx]

The "passover" is to be remembered as a "tradition".

The LXX (Septuagint) uses the word the ancient Greek word "νομος" ≈ "law" is a tradition and, according to Aristotle, an opinion.

Does this "tradition" carry the same weight as the original "Sabbath" at the end of the creation week?

More: Romans: Under the law as in sewer pipes

More: Exodus 12: Passover

The High Sabbath was a tradition. Was in ordained by God? Was it at the same level as the weekly Sabbath. Had traditions been added to the weekly Sabbath? Perhaps the women could have bought spices during the High Sabbath.

tc5: honor parents
rc6: Philadelphia (brotherly love vs. honor parents)
kp6: merchant man selling all to buy one pearl
g9: Lamech - despaired for (as a tradition)

Saturday was in the grave.

We need "three" "days" and "three" "nights".

tc4: keep the Sabbath holy
lp: Give us tomorrow's bread today
g10: Noah - comforter (Holy Spirit)
kp5: Treasure in the field
rc5: Sardis - city on a hill

On Sunday morning, the empty tomb was discovered. Jesus had risen.

tc3: keep name holy, not in vain
r8: at the throne
sm: house on the rock
kp8: treasures new and old
g6: Jared - shall come down

Jesus could visit the underworld in a manner similar to the earth part of the creation days.

It is not clear if this node is needed.

This could be parallel in some sense to the tomb sequence.

tc2: no idols
sm: house on sand
g7: Enoch - commencing/teaching
r9: bowl judgments

John 20:17 Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not; for I am not yet ascended to my Father: but go to my brethren, and say unto them, I ascend unto my Father, and your Father; and to my God, and your God. [kjv]

λεγει αυτη ιησους μη μου απτου ουπω γαρ αναβεβηκα προς τον πατερα πορευου δε προς τους αδελφους μου και ειπε αυτοις αναβαινω προς τον πατερα μου και πατερα υμων και θεον μου και θεον υμων [gnt]

The ancient Greek word "ἅπτω" ≈ "touch, fasten to, kindle, set on fire" and can mean "grasp" with the senses as in "apprehend" or "perceive". It is the source of the English word "haptic" as in something that "touches".

More: John 20:1-18 A touchy situation in the garden

John 20:17

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KJV: Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not; for I am not yet ascended to my Father: but go to my brethren, and say unto them, I ascend unto my Father, and your Father; and to my God, and your God.

Greek: λεγει αυτη ο ιησους μη μου απτου ουπω γαρ αναβεβηκα προς τον πατερα μου πορευου δε προς τους αδελφους μου και ειπε αυτοις αναβαινω προς τον πατερα μου και πατερα υμων και θεον μου και θεον υμων