Matthew 21:12-17 Turning the tables

Matthew 21:12 And Jesus went into the temple of God, and cast out all them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves, [kjv]

και εισηλθεν ιησους εις το ιερον και εξεβαλεν παντας τους πωλουντας και αγοραζοντας εν τω ιερω και τας τραπεζας των κολλυβιστων κατεστρεψεν και τας καθεδρας των πωλουντων τας περιστερας [gnt]

21:13 And said unto them, It is written, My house shall be called the house of prayer; but ye have made it a den of thieves. [kjv]

και λεγει αυτοις γεγραπται ο οικος μου οικος προσευχης κληθησεται υμεις δε αυτον ποιειτε σπηλαιον ληστων [gnt]

21:14 And the blind and the lame came to him in the temple; and he healed them. [kjv]

και προσηλθον αυτω τυφλοι και χωλοι εν τω ιερω και εθεραπευσεν αυτους [gnt]

In the GNT (Greek New Testament), Jesus uses both words for "thieves" and words for "robbers".

The Greek word translated as "thieves" (using deception) is that of "robbers" (using force).

[Luke, Mark, Isaiah, guesses as to why Jesus was mad]

More: Think after what you heard and repent

More: Matthew 21:1-11 Triumphal entry and donkey voices

Matthew 21:13 And said unto them, It is written, My house shall be called the house of prayer; but ye have made it a den of thieves. [kjv]

και λεγει αυτοις γεγραπται ο οικος μου οικος προσευχης κληθησεται υμεις δε αυτον ποιειτε σπηλαιον ληστων [gnt]

Jesus said, "My house shall be called the house of prayer, but you have made it ..." (check all that apply.)

thieves

robbers

cultural diversity

Discuss: Are these valid comparisons?

More: Matthew 17:24-27 Tacky attacks on a senseless tax

More: Amos 5: The yoke of compulsion

Mark 11:15 And they come to Jerusalem: and Jesus went into the temple, and began to cast out them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves; [kjv]

11:16 And would not suffer that any man should carry any vessel through the temple. [kjv]

και ουκ ηφιεν ινα τις διενεγκη σκευος δια του ιερου [gnt]

11:17 And he taught, saying unto them, Is it not written, My house shall be called of all nations the house of prayer? but ye have made it a den of thieves. [kjv]

και εδιδασκεν και ελεγεν ου γεγραπται οτι ο οικος μου οικος προσευχης κληθησεται πασιν τοις εθνεσιν υμεις δε πεποιηκατε αυτον σπηλαιον ληστων [gnt]

The Greek word translated as "thieves" (using deception) is that of "robbers" (using force).

Mark 11:15

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KJV: And they come to Jerusalem: and Jesus went into the temple, and began to cast out them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves;

Greek: και ερχονται εις ιεροσολυμα και εισελθων ο ιησους εις το ιερον ηρξατο εκβαλλειν τους πωλουντας και τους αγοραζοντας εν τω ιερω και τας τραπεζας των κολλυβιστων και τας καθεδρας των πωλουντων τας περιστερας κατεστρεψεν

Mark 11:16

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KJV: And would not suffer that any man should carry any vessel through the temple.

Greek: και ουκ ηφιεν ινα τις διενεγκη σκευος δια του ιερου

Mark 11:17

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KJV: And he taught, saying unto them, Is it not written, My house shall be called of all nations the house of prayer? but ye have made it a den of thieves.

Greek: και εδιδασκεν λεγων αυτοις και ελεγεν ου γεγραπται οτι ο οικος μου οικος προσευχης κληθησεται πασιν τοις εθνεσιν υμεις δε εποιησατε πεποιηκατε αυτον σπηλαιον ληστων

John orders events in a top-down backward-chaining manner in order the create an overall pattern. This order does not necessarily reflect temporal bottom-up forward-chaining order.

John 2:13 And the Jews' passover was at hand, and Jesus went up to Jerusalem, [kjv]

2:14 And found in the temple those that sold oxen and sheep and doves, and the changers of money sitting: [kjv]

και ευρεν εν τω ιερω τους πωλουντας βοας και προβατα και περιστερας και τους κερματιστας καθημενους [gnt]

2:15 And when he had made a scourge of small cords, he drove them all out of the temple, and the sheep, and the oxen; and poured out the changers' money, and overthrew the tables; [kjv]

και ποιησας φραγελλιον εκ σχοινιων παντας εξεβαλεν εκ του ιερου τα τε προβατα και τους βοας και των κολλυβιστων εξεχεεν τα κερματα και τας τραπεζας ανετρεψεν [gnt]

John 2:16 And said unto them that sold doves, Take these things hence; make not my Father's house an house of merchandise. [kjv]

και τοις τας περιστερας πωλουσιν ειπεν αρατε ταυτα εντευθεν μη ποιειτε τον οικον του πατρος μου οικον εμποριου [gnt]

2:17 And his disciples remembered that it was written, The zeal of thine house hath eaten me up. [kjv]

εμνησθησαν οι μαθηται αυτου οτι γεγραμμενον εστιν ο ζηλος του οικου σου καταφαγεται με [gnt]

John uses the word for "merchandise" rather than "robbers".

Martin Luther would put forward a similar idea that the "church" had made Christianity a "house of merchandise" by selling "indulgences".

Whenever the disciples make connections, one must carefully evaluate whether those connections are valid connections. The disciples do not have a good track record of making valid inferences.

More: Disciples making questionable inferences

John 2:13

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KJV: And the Jews' passover was at hand, and Jesus went up to Jerusalem,

Greek: και εγγυς ην το πασχα των ιουδαιων και ανεβη εις ιεροσολυμα ο ιησους

John 2:14

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KJV: And found in the temple those that sold oxen and sheep and doves, and the changers of money sitting:

Greek: και ευρεν εν τω ιερω τους πωλουντας βοας και προβατα και περιστερας και τους κερματιστας καθημενους

John 2:15

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KJV: And when he had made a scourge of small cords, he drove them all out of the temple, and the sheep, and the oxen; and poured out the changers' money, and overthrew the tables;

Greek: και ποιησας φραγελλιον εκ σχοινιων παντας εξεβαλεν εκ του ιερου τα τε προβατα και τους βοας και των κολλυβιστων εξεχεεν το κερμα τα κερματα και τας τραπεζας ανεστρεψεν ανετρεψεν

John 2:16

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KJV: And said unto them that sold doves, Take these things hence; make not my Father's house an house of merchandise.

Greek: και τοις τας περιστερας πωλουσιν ειπεν αρατε ταυτα εντευθεν μη ποιειτε τον οικον του πατρος μου οικον εμποριου

John 2:17

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KJV: And his disciples remembered that it was written, The zeal of thine house hath eaten me up.

Greek: εμνησθησαν δε οι μαθηται αυτου οτι γεγραμμενον εστιν ο ζηλος του οικου σου κατεφαγεν καταφαγεται με

John 4:23 But the hour cometh, and now is, when the true worshippers shall worship the Father in spirit and in truth: for the Father seeketh such to worship him. [kjv]

4:24 God is a Spirit: and they that worship him must worship him in spirit and in truth. [kjv]

John 4:23

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KJV: But the hour cometh, and now is, when the true worshippers shall worship the Father in spirit and in truth: for the Father seeketh such to worship him.

Greek: αλλ αλλα ερχεται ωρα και νυν εστιν οτε οι αληθινοι προσκυνηται προσκυνησουσιν τω πατρι εν πνευματι και αληθεια και γαρ ο πατηρ τοιουτους ζητει τους προσκυνουντας αυτον

John 4:24

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KJV: God is a Spirit: and they that worship him must worship him in spirit and in truth.

Greek: πνευμα ο θεος και τους προσκυνουντας αυτον εν πνευματι και αληθεια δει προσκυνειν

Isaiah 56:7 Even them will I bring to my holy mountain, and make them joyful in my house of prayer: their burnt offerings and their sacrifices shall be accepted upon mine altar; for mine house shall be called an house of prayer for all people. [kjv]

εισαξω αυτους εις το ορος το αγιον μου και ευφρανω αυτους εν τω οικω της προσευχης μου τα ολοκαυτωματα αυτων και αι θυσιαι αυτων εσονται δεκται επι του θυσιαστηριου μου ο γαρ οικος μου οικος προσευχης κληθησεται πασιν τοις εθνεσιν [lxx]

More: Isaiah 56:1-11

Mark 11:17 And he taught, saying unto them, Is it not written, My house shall be called of all nations the house of prayer? but ye have made it a den of thieves. [kjv]

Some take the combination of these two verses to claim that Jesus was upset that there was not room in the Court of Gentiles for the Gentiles to worship.

Luke 19:45 And he went into the temple, and began to cast out them that sold therein, and them that bought; [kjv]

και εισελθων εις το ιερον ηρξατο εκβαλλειν τους πωλουντας [gnt]

19:46 Saying unto them, It is written, My house is the house of prayer: but ye have made it a den of thieves. [kjv]

λεγων αυτοις γεγραπται και εσται ο οικος μου οικος προσευχης υμεις δε αυτον εποιησατε σπηλαιον ληστων [gnt]

19:47 And he taught daily in the temple. But the chief priests and the scribes and the chief of the people sought to destroy him, [kjv]

Luke 19:45

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KJV: And he went into the temple, and began to cast out them that sold therein, and them that bought;

Greek: και εισελθων εις το ιερον ηρξατο εκβαλλειν τους πωλουντας εν αυτω και αγοραζοντας

Luke 19:46

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KJV: Saying unto them, It is written, My house is the house of prayer: but ye have made it a den of thieves.

Greek: λεγων αυτοις γεγραπται και εσται ο οικος μου οικος προσευχης εστιν υμεις δε αυτον εποιησατε σπηλαιον ληστων

Luke 19:47

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KJV: And he taught daily in the temple. But the chief priests and the scribes and the chief of the people sought to destroy him,

Greek: και ην διδασκων το καθ ημεραν εν τω ιερω οι δε αρχιερεις και οι γραμματεις εζητουν αυτον απολεσαι και οι πρωτοι του λαου

Luke 21:1 And he looked up, and saw the rich men casting their gifts into the treasury. [kjv]

21:2 And he saw also a certain poor widow casting in thither two mites. [kjv]

ειδεν δε τινα χηραν πενιχραν βαλλουσαν εκει λεπτα δυο [gnt]

21:3 And he said, Of a truth I say unto you, that this poor widow hath cast in more than they all: [kjv]

και ειπεν αληθως λεγω υμιν οτι η χηρα αυτη η πτωχη πλειον παντων εβαλεν [gnt]

21:4 For all these have of their abundance cast in unto the offerings of God: but she of her penury hath cast in all the living that she had. [kjv]

παντες γαρ ουτοι εκ του περισσευοντος αυτοις εβαλον εις τα δωρα αυτη δε εκ του υστερηματος αυτης παντα τον βιον ον ειχεν εβαλεν [gnt]

The Greek translated as the first "poor" is that of being "destitute". The second "poor" is that of being a "beggar" as in "begging for the Good News". How does the use of these different words fit what Luke is saying?

The ancient Greek word "λεπτόν" ≈ "small coin, small intestine" and is called a "mite" in the GNT. A "mite" in the KJV (King James Version) is a "small coin". Before Greece adopted the Euro, the Lepton was the primary unit of currency in Greece. The word comes from the Greek word for "scale".

More: Matthew 5:3 B1 The good news about being poor in spirit

More: Matthew 11:1-6: Trapped by an offensive misinterpretation of Jesus

Luke 21:1

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KJV: And he looked up, and saw the rich men casting their gifts into the treasury.

Greek: αναβλεψας δε ειδεν τους βαλλοντας τα δωρα αυτων εις το γαζοφυλακιον τα δωρα αυτων πλουσιους

Luke 21:2

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KJV: And he saw also a certain poor widow casting in thither two mites.

Greek: ειδεν δε και τινα χηραν πενιχραν βαλλουσαν εκει λεπτα δυο λεπτα

Luke 21:3

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KJV: And he said, Of a truth I say unto you, that this poor widow hath cast in more than they all:

Greek: και ειπεν αληθως λεγω υμιν οτι η χηρα αυτη η πτωχη αυτη πλειον παντων εβαλεν

Luke 21:4

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KJV: For all these have of their abundance cast in unto the offerings of God: but she of her penury hath cast in all the living that she had.

Greek: απαντες παντες γαρ ουτοι εκ του περισσευοντος αυτοις εβαλον εις τα δωρα του θεου αυτη δε εκ του υστερηματος αυτης απαντα παντα τον βιον ον ειχεν εβαλεν

Acts 21:26 Then Paul took the men, and the next day purifying himself with them entered into the temple, to signify the accomplishment of the days of purification, until that an offering should be offered for every one of them. [kjv]

21:27 And when the seven days were almost ended, the Jews which were of Asia, when they saw him in the temple, stirred up all the people, and laid hands on him, [kjv]

21:28 Crying out, Men of Israel, help: This is the man, that teacheth all men every where against the people, and the law, and this place: and further brought Greeks also into the temple, and hath polluted this holy place. [kjv]

21:29 ( For they had seen before with him in the city Trophimus an Ephesian, whom they supposed that Paul had brought into the temple.) [kjv]

In Acts 21:26-29, Paul is falsely accused of bringing a Greek into the Temple.

Acts 21:26

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KJV: Then Paul took the men, and the next day purifying himself with them entered into the temple, to signify the accomplishment of the days of purification, until that an offering should be offered for every one of them.

Greek: τοτε ο παυλος παραλαβων τους ανδρας τη εχομενη ημερα συν αυτοις αγνισθεις εισηει εις το ιερον διαγγελλων την εκπληρωσιν των ημερων του αγνισμου εως ου προσηνεχθη υπερ ενος εκαστου αυτων η προσφορα

Acts 21:27

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KJV: And when the seven days were almost ended, the Jews which were of Asia, when they saw him in the temple, stirred up all the people, and laid hands on him,

Greek: ως δε εμελλον αι επτα ημεραι συντελεισθαι οι απο της ασιας ιουδαιοι θεασαμενοι αυτον εν τω ιερω συνεχεον παντα τον οχλον και επεβαλον τας χειρας επεβαλαν επ αυτον τας χειρας

Acts 21:28

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KJV: Crying out, Men of Israel, help: This is the man, that teacheth all men every where against the people, and the law, and this place: and further brought Greeks also into the temple, and hath polluted this holy place.

Greek: κραζοντες ανδρες ισραηλιται βοηθειτε ουτος εστιν ο ανθρωπος ο κατα του λαου και του νομου και του τοπου τουτου παντας πανταχου πανταχη διδασκων ετι τε και ελληνας εισηγαγεν εις το ιερον και κεκοινωκεν τον αγιον τοπον τουτον

Acts 21:29

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KJV: ( For they had seen before with him in the city Trophimus an Ephesian, whom they supposed that Paul had brought into the temple.)

Greek: ησαν γαρ προεωρακοτες τροφιμον τον εφεσιον εν τη πολει συν αυτω ον ενομιζον οτι εις το ιερον εισηγαγεν ο παυλος

Matthew 9:12 But when Jesus heard that, he said unto them, They that be whole need not a physician, but they that are sick. [kjv]

9:13 But go ye and learn what that meaneth, I will have mercy, and not sacrifice: for I am not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance. [kjv]

The strong (who oppress the harmed) are righteous (in their own eyes) and do not want the healer (Jesus).
The harmed (who are oppressed by the strong) want a healer (Jesus).
Mercy is needed from the strong (who oppress) and not sacrifice from the harmed (as man's additions to God's laws).
I have not come to call the righteous (in their own eyes) as they do not want the healer (Jesus). (They will not listen nor repent)
I have come to call the sinners as they want the healer (Jesus). (They, at least, will listen and may or may not repent.)

More: Think after what you heard and repent

Matthew 7:15 Beware of false prophets, which come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly they are ravening wolves. [kjv]

προσεχετε απο των ψευδοπροφητων οιτινες ερχονται προς υμας εν ενδυμασιν προβατων εσωθεν δε εισιν λυκοι αρπαγες [gnt]

Consider the John Wesley house analogy. Before going up the steps and through the door into the house one should be sure that this is the house into which one wants to go.

English novelist, journalist, merchant (and pamphleteer and spy) Daniel Defoe (1660-1731), known for Robinson Crusoe in 1719, starts his poem The true-born Englishman as follows.

Whenever God erects a house of prayer, the devil always builds a chapel there.

And 'twill be found, upon examination, the latter has the largest congregation.

More: 2 Timothy 3:1-12 Silly women in the she shed

More: Wesley's front porch analogy of grace

More: Moses with horns

Matthew 21:12

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KJV: And Jesus went into the temple of God, and cast out all them that sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the tables of the moneychangers, and the seats of them that sold doves,

Greek: και εισηλθεν ο ιησους εις το ιερον του θεου και εξεβαλεν παντας τους πωλουντας και αγοραζοντας εν τω ιερω και τας τραπεζας των κολλυβιστων κατεστρεψεν και τας καθεδρας των πωλουντων τας περιστερας

Matthew 21:13

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KJV: And said unto them, It is written, My house shall be called the house of prayer; but ye have made it a den of thieves.

Greek: και λεγει αυτοις γεγραπται ο οικος μου οικος προσευχης κληθησεται υμεις δε αυτον εποιησατε ποιειτε σπηλαιον ληστων

Matthew 21:14

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KJV: And the blind and the lame came to him in the temple; and he healed them.

Greek: και προσηλθον αυτω τυφλοι και χωλοι εν τω ιερω και εθεραπευσεν αυτους

Matthew 21:15 And when the chief priests and scribes saw the wonderful things that he did, and the children crying in the temple, and saying, Hosanna to the Son of David; they were sore displeased, [kjv]

ιδοντες δε οι αρχιερεις και οι γραμματεις τα θαυμασια α εποιησεν και τους παιδας τους κραζοντας εν τω ιερω και λεγοντας ωσαννα τω υιω δαυιδ ηγανακτησαν [gnt]

21:16 And said unto him, Hearest thou what these say? And Jesus saith unto them, Yea; have ye never read, Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings thou hast perfected praise? [kjv]

και ειπαν αυτω ακουεις τι ουτοι λεγουσιν ο δε ιησους λεγει αυτοις ναι ουδεποτε ανεγνωτε οτι εκ στοματος νηπιων και θηλαζοντων κατηρτισω αινον [gnt]

21:17 And he left them, and went out of the city into Bethany; and he lodged there. [kjv]

και καταλιπων αυτους εξηλθεν εξω της πολεως εις βηθανιαν και ηυλισθη εκει [gnt]

Matthew 21:15

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KJV: And when the chief priests and scribes saw the wonderful things that he did, and the children crying in the temple, and saying, Hosanna to the Son of David; they were sore displeased,

Greek: ιδοντες δε οι αρχιερεις και οι γραμματεις τα θαυμασια α εποιησεν και τους παιδας τους κραζοντας εν τω ιερω και λεγοντας ωσαννα τω υιω δαβιδ δαυιδ ηγανακτησαν

*G2675 *13 καταρτίζω (kat-ar-tid'-zo) : from G2596 and a derivative of G739; to complete thoroughly, i.e. repair (literally or figuratively) or adjust:--fit, frame, mend, (make) perfect(-ly join together), prepare, restore.

Words: καταρτιζεσθε καταρτιζετε καταρτιζοντας=2 καταρτισαι=2 καταρτισει κατηρτισθαι κατηρτισμενα κατηρτισμενοι κατηρτισμενος κατηρτισω=2

The ancient Greek word "καταρτίζω" ≈ "make ready" as in getting a ship ready to sail.

*G2675 *13 καταρτίζω (kat-ar-tid'-zo) : from G2596 and a derivative of G739; to complete thoroughly, i.e. repair (literally or figuratively) or adjust:--fit, frame, mend, (make) perfect(-ly join together), prepare, restore.

Usage

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καταρτιζοντας *2

Matthew 4:21 ... Zebedee their father, mending their nets; and ...
Mark 1:19 ... were in the ship mending their nets.

κατηρτισω *2

Matthew 21:16 ... of babes and sucklings thou hast perfected praise?
Hebrews 10:5 ... not, but a body hast thou prepared me:

καταρτισαι *2

1 Thessalonians 3:10 ... your face, and might perfect that which is lacking in your faith?
Hebrews 13:21 Make you perfect in every good ...

κατηρτισμενος

Luke 6:40 ... master: but every one that is perfect shall be as his master.

κατηρτισμενα

Romans 9:22 ... longsuffering the vessels of wrath fitted to destruction:

κατηρτισμενοι

1 Corinthians 1:10 ... you; but that ye be perfectly joined together in the same mind ...

καταρτιζεσθε

2 Corinthians 13:11 Finally, brethren, farewell. Be perfect, be of good comfort, be of one ...

καταρτιζετε

Galatians 6:1 ... ye which are spiritual, restore such an one in the spirit ...

κατηρτισθαι

Hebrews 11:3 Through faith we understand that the worlds were framed by the word of God, ...

καταρτισει

1 Peter 5:10 ... after that ye have suffered a while, make you perfect, stablish, strengthen, settle you.

Matthew 21:16 And said unto him, Hearest thou what these say? And Jesus saith unto them, Yea; have ye never read, Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings thou hast perfected praise? [kjv]

The ancient Greek word "καταρτίζω" ≈ "make ready" as in getting a ship ready to sail. The modern Greek uses word for "ready".

Are the "babes" and "sucklings" "ready" to "praise"? Who then, is not "ready" to "praise"?

Toy Story and Buzz Lightyear at Planet Pizza: ... ready to lift off ....

Matthew 21:16

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KJV: And said unto him, Hearest thou what these say? And Jesus saith unto them, Yea; have ye never read, Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings thou hast perfected praise?

Greek: και ειπον ειπαν αυτω ακουεις τι ουτοι λεγουσιν ο δε ιησους λεγει αυτοις ναι ουδεποτε ανεγνωτε οτι εκ στοματος νηπιων και θηλαζοντων κατηρτισω αινον

Greek today: και ειπον προς αυτον Ακουεις τι λεγουσιν ουτοι; Ο δε Ιησους λεγει προς αυτους Ναι ποτε δεν ανεγνωσατε οτι εκ στοματος νηπιων και θηλαζοντων ητοιμασας αινεσιν;

Psalms 8:2 Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings hast thou ordained strength because of thine enemies, that thou mightest still the enemy and the avenger. [kjv]

εκ στοματος νηπιων και θηλαζοντων κατηρτισω αινον ενεκα των εχθρων σου του καταλυσαι εχθρον και εκδικητην [lxx]

Psalms 8:2

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KJV: Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings hast thou ordained strength because of thine enemies, that thou mightest still the enemy and the avenger.

Hebrew: מפי עוללים וינקים יסדת עז למען צורריך להשבית אויב ומתנקם׃

Greek: εκ στοματος νηπιων και θηλαζοντων κατηρτισω αινον ενεκα των εχθρων σου του καταλυσαι εχθρον και εκδικητην

Luke 6:40 The disciple is not above his master: but every one that is perfect shall be as his master. [kjv]

ουκ εστιν μαθητης υπερ τον διδασκαλον κατηρτισμενος δε πας εσται ως ο διδασκαλος αυτου [gnt]

The ancient Greek word "καταρτίζω" ≈ "make ready" as in getting a ship ready to sail.

Does a "disciple" need to be "made ready" for a voyage?

Luke 6:40

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KJV: The disciple is not above his master: but every one that is perfect shall be as his master.

Greek: ουκ εστιν μαθητης υπερ τον διδασκαλον αυτου κατηρτισμενος δε πας εσται ως ο διδασκαλος αυτου

Matthew 21:17

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KJV: And he left them, and went out of the city into Bethany; and he lodged there.

Greek: και καταλιπων αυτους εξηλθεν εξω της πολεως εις βηθανιαν και ηυλισθη εκει

Matthew 26:18 And he said, Go into the city to such a man, and say unto him, The Master saith, My time is at hand; I will keep the passover at thy house with my disciples. [kjv]

ο δε ειπεν υπαγετε εις την πολιν προς τον δεινα και ειπατε αυτω ο διδασκαλος λεγει ο καιρος μου εγγυς εστιν προς σε ποιω το πασχα μετα των μαθητων μου [gnt]

Jesus: ... my time is near ...
Play: ... my hand is in the hand ...

Jesus provides a pass-code based on the hard "κ" ("k") sound and the guttural "χ" sound. [hand, (young) pig, bad, mistress/harlot]

More: Matthew 26:17-29 Betrayal of the Last Supper tradition