- *G4009 *4 πέρας (per'-as) : from the same as G4008; an extremity:--end, ut-(ter-)most participle
- περατων *2
- Matthew 12:42 ... for she came from the uttermost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom ...
- Luke 11:31 ... for she came from the utmost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom ...
- περατα
- Romans 10:18 ... their words unto the ends of the world.
- περας
- Hebrews 6:16 ... for confirmation is to them an end of all strife.
25. 1 Kings 10:22 Navy of Solomon
1 Kings 10:22 For the king had at sea a navy of Tharshish with the navy of Hiram: once in three years came the navy of Tharshish, bringing gold, and silver, ivory, and apes, and peacocks. [kjv]
οτι ναυς θαρσις τω βασιλει εν τη θαλασση μετα των νηων χιραμ μια δια τριων ετων ηρχετο τω βασιλει ναυς εκ θαρσις χρυσιου και αργυριου και λιθων τορευτων και πελεκητων [lxx]
The
LXX (Septuagint) has "
wrought stones" for what the
HOT (Hebrew Old Testament) has "
apes".
The
LXX has "
hewn stones" for what the
HOT has "
peacocks".
The
LXX has an additional several paragraphs not in the
HOT (omitted).
These "
ships" appear to have gone to the "
uttermost parts" of the "
earth".
26. 1 Kings 10:22
KJV: For the king had at sea a navy of Tharshish with the navy of Hiram: once in three years came the navy of Tharshish, bringing gold, and silver, ivory, and apes, and peacocks.
Hebrew: כי אני תרשיש למלך בים עם אני חירם אחת לשלש שנים תבוא אני תרשיש נשאת זהב וכסף שנהבים וקפים ותכיים׃
Greek: οτι ναυς θαρσις τω βασιλει εν τη θαλασση μετα των νηων χιραμ μια δια τριων ετων ηρχετο τω βασιλει ναυς εκ θαρσις χρυσιου και αργυριου και λιθων τορευτων και πελεκητων
27. Matthew 12:42 Ends of the earth
28. Matthew 12:42 Ends of the earth
Matthew 12:42 … for she came from the uttermost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here. [kjv]
… οτι ηλθεν εκ των περατων της γης ακουσαι την σοφιαν σολομωνος και ιδου πλειον σολομωνος ωδε [gnt]
There is a play on words of
"uttermost parts" with
"pirate" or
"robber". Does this play on words make any sense in this context?
Play on words (Greek word order):
... out of the uttermost parts [pirate/robber] of the earth to hear the cunning/clever ...
Note that
"pirates" prefer to use
deception rather than outright fighting. That requires
"cunning" and
"clever" "wisdom".
[price of key lime pies]
29. Job 37:3 Light a wing
Job 37:3 He directeth it under the whole heaven, and his lightning unto the ends of the earth. [kjv]
υποκατω παντος του ουρανου αρχη αυτου και το φως αυτου επι πτερυγων της γης [lxx]
In the
LXX, the word translated as "
lightning" is that of "
light".
In the
LXX, the word translated as "
ends" is that of "
wings" as in the "
wings" of a "
bird".
[wings of the temple]
30. Job 37:3
KJV: He directeth it under the whole heaven, and his lightning unto the ends of the earth.
Hebrew: תחת כל השמים ישרהו ואורו על כנפות הארץ׃
Greek: υποκατω παντος του ουρανου αρχη αυτου και το φως αυτου επι πτερυγων της γης
31. Matthew 12:42 Hear wisdom
Matthew 12:42 The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: for she came from the uttermost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here. [kjv]
βασιλισσα νοτου εγερθησεται εν τη κρισει μετα της γενεας ταυτης και κατακρινει αυτην οτι ηλθεν εκ των περατων της γης ακουσαι την σοφιαν σολομωνος και ιδου πλειον σολομωνος ωδε [gnt]
The ancient Greek word
"ἀκούω" ≈ "hear" and
assumes understanding of what is heard. It is the source of the English word words such as
"acoustic" and is cognate with the English word
"hear" and
"harken".
The ancient Greek word
"σοφός" ≈ "clever, cunning" and is often translated as the English word
"wise". Aristotle uses the word for what he calls
"sophists" as those
"clever" and
"cunning" who
deceive for
money. The word is the first part of the English word
"sophomore", the last part meaning "
fool".
32. Matthew 12:42 Hear wisdom
Matthew 12:42 The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: for she came from the uttermost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here. [kjv]
βασιλισσα νοτου εγερθησεται εν τη κρισει μετα της γενεας ταυτης και κατακρινει αυτην οτι ηλθεν εκ των περατων της γης ακουσαι την σοφιαν σολομωνος και ιδου πλειον σολομωνος ωδε [gnt]
How useful is
"hearing" "clever" and
"cunning" talk? What about putting ideas into
action?
Was the creation of the temple at the time of "Solomon" a good or not so good idea?
Does Jesus use "Solomon" in a good or not so good sense?
33. Matthew 6:28-29 Red letter verses
Matthew 6:28 And why take ye thought for raiment? Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow; they toil not, neither do they spin: [kjv]
και περι ενδυματος τι μεριμνατε καταμαθετε τα κρινα του αγρου πως αυξανουσιν ου ουδε νηθουσιν [gnt]
6:29 And yet I say unto you, That even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these. [kjv]
λεγω δε υμιν οτι ουδε σολομων εν παση τη δοξη αυτου περιεβαλετο ως εν τουτων [gnt]
The Greek word for
"lily" is a play on words on
"judging" as
"separating". Solomon was known for his wisdom in judging. Jesus uses the code word "
field" for "
world".
The ancient Greek word "κρίνο" ≈ "lily".
The ancient Greek word "κρίνω" ≈ "separate, distinguish" and often translated as "judge".
The Greek translated as
"glory" is that of
"opinion".
34. Red tape analogy
Here is an analogy using double-meanings in English to refer to government practices.
The government is known for "red tape" to slow down and burden processes.
A red type of pansy is a flower. Call it a "red-tape pansy".
A "pansy" is a term to refer to a "wimp".
Analogy:
Consider these red-tape pansies [judger's] of the world. They increase, they do not work, they spend. Yet even George Washington in all his glory (opinion) was not surrounded (clothed) by red-tape pansies [judger's] such as these (current red-tape pansies).
35. Matthew 12:42 Queen of the south
Matthew 12:42 The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: for she came from the uttermost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here. [kjv]
βασιλισσα νοτου εγερθησεται εν τη κρισει μετα της γενεας ταυτης και κατακρινει αυτην οτι ηλθεν εκ των περατων της γης ακουσαι την σοφιαν σολομωνος και ιδου πλειον σολομωνος ωδε [gnt]
Who is the
"queen" of the
"south"? The
"queen" is from "
Sheba", a Hebrew word that is related to the Hebrew word for "
oath" and "
wells".
Why does Jesus use
"south" rather than "
Sheba"?
[directions vs. orientation, east as sunrise/daybreak, west as sunset/evening]
36. 2 Chronicles 9:1 Queen of Sheba
2 Chronicles 9:1 And when the queen of Sheba heard of the fame of Solomon, she came to prove Solomon with hard questions at Jerusalem, with a very great company, and camels that bare spices, and gold in abundance, and precious stones: and when she was come to Solomon, she communed with him of all that was in her heart. [kjv]
και βασιλισσα σαβα ηκουσεν το ονομα σαλωμων και ηλθεν του πειρασαι σαλωμων εν αινιγμασιν εις ιερουσαλημ εν δυναμει βαρεια σφοδρα και καμηλοι αιρουσαι αρωματα και χρυσιον εις πληθος και λιθον τιμιον και ηλθεν προς σαλωμων και ελαλησεν προς αυτον παντα οσα εν τη ψυχη αυτης [lxx]
The Hebrew word for "
Sheba" is related to the Hebrew word for "
oath".
The Greek word translated as "
prove" is that of "
examine" as a mental action but is often translated as "
tempt" in the
GNT (Greek New Testament). There is another Greek word for "
prove" that requires physical action.
The Greek word translated as "
heart" is that of "
life" and is often translated as "
soul" in the
GNT.
The Greek word translated as "
fame" is that of "
name".
37. Word play
Word play, by
definition, is using words that sound like other words to convey some point. Often the point is humor in the form of puns.
Some people consider word play using puns as punishment. This statement itself is a
play on words.
Word play, or play on words, is an important way to communicate. Play on words in Greek was done in ancient times. Paul uses it. Jesus uses it often in the Greek. Yes, almost everyone in the Eastern Mediterranean area, for over 350 years, had grown up learning Greek as well as their native language.
38. Matthew 12:42 Queen and king
Matthew 12:42 The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment … [kjv]
βασιλισσα νοτου εγερθησεται εν τη κρισει … ωδε [gnt]
The Greek for
"queen" of the
"south" can be a play on words with
"king" "Satan" "not".
When pronounced, the "
o" sound would be slid to the "
a" sound with a slight pause for the
"not".
Modern slide: "
Santa" vs.
"Satan" (many conspiracy theories)
Exchanging consonants to make a play on words is called a
Spoonerism after the Rev. William Archibald Spooner (1844-1930). Example:
light the fire. and
fight the liar.
39. Matthew 12:42 Queen and king
Matthew 12:42 The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment … [kjv]
βασιλισσα νοτου εγερθησεται εν τη κρισει … ωδε [gnt]
Greek: Queen of the south shall rise up (resurrected) ...
Play on words: King Satan not rise up (resurrected) ...
Where were the words related to
"king" "Satan" and
"Satan" used in previous verses (in this discourse)?
40. Matthew 12:24 Beelzebub
Matthew 12:24 But when the Pharisees heard it, they said, This fellow doth not cast out devils, but by Beelzebub the prince of the devils. [kjv]
οι δε φαρισαιοι ακουσαντες ειπον ουτος ουκ εκβαλλει τα δαιμονια ει μη εν τω βεεζεβουλ αρχοντι των δαιμονιων [gnt]
The idea of
"king" or
"queen" "Satan" will be a play on words later in the discourse.
Jesus would be referring to the
"queen" of "
Sheba" in a few verses where using "
Sheba" instead of
"south" would
ruin the play on words.
41. Matthew 12:26 Satan casting out Satan
Matthew 12:26 And if Satan cast out Satan, he is divided against himself; how shall then his kingdom stand? [kjv]
και ει ο σατανας τον σαταναν εκβαλλει εφ εαυτον εμερισθη πως ουν σταθησεται η βασιλεια αυτου [gnt]
The words for
"Satan" and
"kingdom" will appear later in the discourse in an interesting way.
Here, Jesus uses the usual word for "
cast out" rather than the word that is a play on words with "
oblivion" since, with
"Satan" that idea would be implicit in what is said.
[thinking outside the box, limits of computation]
42. 2 Chronicles 9:1
KJV: And when the queen of Sheba heard of the fame of Solomon, she came to prove Solomon with hard questions at Jerusalem, with a very great company, and camels that bare spices, and gold in abundance, and precious stones: and when she was come to Solomon, she communed with him of all that was in her heart.
Hebrew: ומלכת שבא שמעה את שמע שלמה ותבוא לנסות את שלמה בחידות בירושלם בחיל כבד מאד וגמלים נשאים בשמים וזהב לרב ואבן יקרה ותבוא אל שלמה ותדבר עמו את כל אשר היה עם לבבה׃
Greek: και βασιλισσα σαβα ηκουσεν το ονομα σαλωμων και ηλθεν του πειρασαι σαλωμων εν αινιγμασιν εις ιερουσαλημ εν δυναμει βαρεια σφοδρα και καμηλοι αιρουσαι αρωματα και χρυσιον εις πληθος και λιθον τιμιον και ηλθεν προς σαλωμων και ελαλησεν προς αυτον παντα οσα εν τη ψυχη αυτης
43. Matthew 12:41-42 Play on word paraphrase
Matthew 12:41 The men of Nineveh shall rise in judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: because they repented at the preaching of Jonas; and, behold, a greater than Jonas is here. [kjv]
ανδρες νινευιται αναστησονται εν τη κρισει … [gnt]
12:42 The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment … [kjv]
βασιλισσα νοτου εγερθησεται εν τη κρισει … ωδε [gnt]
 |
(these) men rising/eating ... repented (action)...
|
 |
queen/king Satan not raised/resurrected ... clever/cunning listening (no action) ...
|
44. TenPin model
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
+
-
▶
|
45. Luke 11:31 Queen of the south
Luke 11:31 The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment with the men of this generation, and condemn them: for she came from the utmost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here. [kjv]
βασιλισσα νοτου εγερθησεται εν τη κρισει μετα των ανδρων της γενεας ταυτης και κατακρινει αυτους οτι ηλθεν εκ των περατων της γης ακουσαι την σοφιαν σολομωνος και ιδου πλειον σολομωνος ωδε [gnt]
Luke has the same basic message as Matthew but reverses the order which somewhat breaks the model.
46. Luke 11:32 Men of Nineveh
Luke 11:32 The men of Nineve shall rise up in the judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: for they repented at the preaching of Jonas; and, behold, a greater than Jonas is here. [kjv]
ανδρες νινευιται αναστησονται εν τη κρισει μετα της γενεας ταυτης και κατακρινουσιν αυτην οτι μετενοησαν εις το κηρυγμα ιωνα και ιδου πλειον ιωνα ωδε [gnt]
Luke has the same basic message as Matthew but reverses the order which somewhat breaks the model.
47. Luke 11:31
KJV: The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment with the men of this generation, and condemn them: for she came from the utmost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here.
Greek: βασιλισσα νοτου εγερθησεται εν τη κρισει μετα των ανδρων της γενεας ταυτης και κατακρινει αυτους οτι ηλθεν εκ των περατων της γης ακουσαι την σοφιαν σολομωντος σολομωνος και ιδου πλειον σολομωντος σολομωνος ωδε
48. Luke 11:32
KJV: The men of Nineve shall rise up in the judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: for they repented at the preaching of Jonas; and, behold, a greater than Jonas is here.
Greek: ανδρες νινευι νινευιται αναστησονται εν τη κρισει μετα της γενεας ταυτης και κατακρινουσιν αυτην οτι μετενοησαν εις το κηρυγμα ιωνα και ιδου πλειον ιωνα ωδε
49. Plenty more and greater
Matthew 12:41 The men of Nineveh shall rise in judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: because they repented at the preaching of Jonas; and, behold, a greater than Jonas is here. [kjv]
… και ιδου πλειον ιωνα ωδε [gnt]
12:42 … and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here. [kjv]
… και ιδου πλειον σολομωνος ωδε [gnt]
The ancient Greek word
"πλείων" ≈ "more". If Jesus had meant to say
"greater", there is a Greek word for
"greater" that was used back in verse 6. The ancient Greek word
"μείζων" ≈ "greater, larger" in a comparative sense.
12:6 But I say unto you, That in this place is one greater than the temple. [kjv]
λεγω δε υμιν οτι του ιερου μειζον εστιν ωδε [gnt]
The Greek word translated as
"place" is that of
"here" as used in verses 41 and 42. The Greek word for
"place" is used in verse 43 (below).
50. Matthew 12:41-42 Plenty more
Matthew 12:41 The men of Nineveh shall rise in judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: because they repented at the preaching of Jonas; and, behold, a greater than Jonas is here. [kjv]
… και ιδου πλειον ιωνα ωδε [gnt]
12:42 … and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here. [kjv]
… και ιδου πλειον σολομωνος ωδε [gnt]
Jesus uses the idea of
"greater" as in
"plenty more" in the judgment involving
Nineveh and then
Solomon.
The ancient Greek word
"πλείων" ≈ "more" as an inflection of
"πολύς" ≈ "many, a lot".
A play on words would be
"πλοῖον" ≈ "boat, ship" which comes from
"πλέω" ≈ "sail". Saying:
Your ship has arrived!. How many verses do we need to go to get Jesus in a
"boat" that has
arrived - with
"plenty more" than Jonah or Solomon?
51. Matthew 13:1 Out of the house
Matthew 13:1 The same day went Jesus out of the house, and sat by the sea side. [kjv]
εν τη ημερα εκεινη εξελθων ο ιησους της οικιας εκαθητο παρα την θαλασσαν [gnt]
The ancient Greek word
"οἶκος" ≈ "house, household".
Unlike the man who returns to the
"house", Jesus leaves the
"house". Jesus will now leave the
"house" and sit in the
"boat". Does that
bode well for Jesus?
Can you (canoe) see it
very (ferry) well?
Or (oar) what?
52. Matthew 13:2 Ship to the holy
Matthew 13:2 And great multitudes were gathered together unto him, so that he went into a ship, and sat; and the whole multitude stood on the shore. [kjv]
και συνηχθησαν προς αυτον οχλοι πολλοι ωστε αυτον εις πλοιον εμβαντα καθησθαι και πας ο οχλος επι τον αιγιαλον ιστηκει [gnt]
Some
nine verses later, Jesus has arrived in a
"boat". The ancient Greek word
"πλοῖον" ≈ "boat, ship" and can be a play on words with
"πλείων" ≈ "more".
Today they would be pronounced the same. At that time, there would have been some minor differences in the pronunciation.
53. Matthew 13:2 Holy salt
Matthew 13:2 And great multitudes were gathered together unto him, so that he went into a ship, and sat; and the whole multitude stood on the shore. [kjv]
και συνηχθησαν προς αυτον οχλοι πολλοι ωστε αυτον εις πλοιον εμβαντα καθησθαι και πας ο οχλος επι τον αιγιαλον ιστηκει [gnt]
The ancient Greek word
"αἰγιαλός" ≈ "beach, shore". That
sure sounds good to me - if you get my
drift! A girl
waving in the
tide is a girl worth
wading for.
This word is a play on words with
"ἅγιος" ≈ "devoted to the gods, sacred, holy" or
"ἄγια" ≈ "holy" (neuter plural) and
"αλας, αλος" ≈ "salt" which is the origin of the last part of
"shore".
54. Matthew 13:1
KJV: The same day went Jesus out of the house, and sat by the sea side.
Greek: εν δε τη ημερα εκεινη εξελθων ο ιησους απο της οικιας εκαθητο παρα την θαλασσαν
55. Matthew 13:2
KJV: And great multitudes were gathered together unto him, so that he went into a ship, and sat; and the whole multitude stood on the shore.
Greek: και συνηχθησαν προς αυτον οχλοι πολλοι ωστε αυτον εις το πλοιον εμβαντα καθησθαι και πας ο οχλος επι τον αιγιαλον ειστηκει ιστηκει
56. Matthew 12:41-42 Plenty more
Matthew 12:41 The men of Nineveh shall rise in judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: because they repented at the preaching of Jonas; and, behold, a greater than Jonas is here. [kjv]
… και ιδου πλειον ιωνα ωδε [gnt]
12:42 … and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here. [kjv]
… και ιδου πλειον σολομωνος ωδε [gnt]
The Greek word translated as
"place",
not in the Greek, is that of
"in this way". The ancient Greek word
"ὧδε" ≈ "in this way, thus" and comes from
"ὅδε" ≈ "this". Of place it would be
"here", of time
"present".
What does Jesus mean?
... "plenty more" than Jonah is "here".
... "plenty more" than Solomon is "here".
Given the large number of
play on words in these verses, there is indeed
"plenty more" than just the person mentioned
"here"! Is that not what he says? He told us
plainly. Is that correct? Without
planes, might it be
boatly?
57. Matthew 12:42
KJV: The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: for she came from the uttermost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here.
Greek: βασιλισσα νοτου εγερθησεται εν τη κρισει μετα της γενεας ταυτης και κατακρινει αυτην οτι ηλθεν εκ των περατων της γης ακουσαι την σοφιαν σολομωντος σολομωνος και ιδου πλειον σολομωντος σολομωνος ωδε
Latin: regina austri surget in iudicio cum generatione ista et condemnabit eam quia venit a finibus terrae audire sapientiam Salomonis et ecce plus quam Salomon hic
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