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Matthew 12:1-8 Eating grain on the Sabbath
by RS  admin@creationpie.org : 1024 x 640


1. Matthew 12:1-8 Eating grain on the Sabbath

2. Matthew 11
The discourse and ideas presented by Jesus in Matthew 11 were started in the previous chapter, Matthew 10.
This content is being developed.

3. Matthew 12:1-8 Eating grain on the Sabbath
Matthew 12:1 At that time Jesus went on the sabbath day through the corn; and his disciples were an hungred, and began to pluck the ears of corn, and to eat. [kjv]
12:2 But when the Pharisees saw it, they said unto him, Behold, thy disciples do that which is not lawful to do upon the sabbath day. [kjv]

The discourse of Matthew 12 begins with the "disciples" "eating" on the "Sabbath" and the consequent comments by the religious elite. This discourse, and resulting actions, then leads directly into Matthew 13 and the Kingdom Parables.

4. Matthew 12
The Kingdom Parables in Matthew 13 follow directly from the discourses in Matthew 11 and 12.

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5. Strongs - grain fields
*G4702 *3 σπόριμος (spor'-ee-mos) : from G4703; sown, i.e. (neuter plural) a planted field:--corn(-field).
Word usage per chapter Words: σποριμων=3

The ancient Greek word "σπόρος""sowing, seed, offspring" and is the source, through Latin, of the English word "spore".

The ancient Greek word "σπείρω""sow" is related to the English word "spread".

6. Usage - grain fields
  • *G4702 *3 σπόριμος (spor'-ee-mos) : from G4703; sown, i.e. (neuter plural) a planted field:--corn(-field).
  •  Usage 
     All 
    • σποριμων *3
      •   Matthew 12:1 ... went on the sabbath day through the corn; and his disciples ...
      •   Mark 2:23 ... he went through the corn fields on the sabbath day; and ...
      •   Luke 6:1 ... he went through the corn fields; and his disciples ...

7. Matthew 12:1
Matthew 12:1 At that time Jesus went on the sabbath day through the corn; and his disciples were an hungred, and began to pluck the ears of corn, and to eat. [kjv]
εν εκεινω τω καιρω επορευθη ο ιησους τοις σαββασιν δια των σποριμων οι δε μαθηται αυτου επεινασαν και ηρξαντο τιλλειν σταχυας και εσθιειν [gnt]

Vertical wheat
The English word "corn" meant "grain" as in "wheat". The ancient Greek word "σποράς""scattered, dispersed" as in "scattered" "grain".
The ancient Greek word "στάχυς""ear of grain".

The ancient Greek word "ἐσθίω""eat, vex". To "not" "eat" is to "fast". The ancient Greek word "νηστεύω""fast, abstain from food".

8. English words with narrowed meanings
Many English words, some used in the KJV (King James Version), had a more generic meaning at one time. Each of these words narrowed in meaning over the years.

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9. Matthew 12:1
   Matthew 12:1 
 All 
KJV: At that time Jesus went on the sabbath day through the corn; and his disciples were an hungred, and began to pluck the ears of corn, and to eat.
Greek: εν εκεινω τω καιρω επορευθη ο ιησους τοις σαββασιν δια των σποριμων οι δε μαθηται αυτου επεινασαν και ηρξαντο τιλλειν σταχυας και εσθιειν

10. Matthew 20:15 Possibly allowed
Matthew 20:15 Is it not lawful for me to do what I will with mine own? Is thine eye evil, because I am good? [kjv]
ουκ εξεστιν μοι ο θελω ποιησαι εν τοις εμοις η ο οφθαλμος σου πονηρος εστιν οτι εγω αγαθος ειμι [gnt]

The Greek word translated as "lawful" is that of "allowed" or "possible". The Greek does not indicate that what is done has to do with the "law". The Greek word translated as "evil" is that of "oppression (by toils)". What do "evil" "leaders" do? Jesus uses the Greek word for "eye" as a code word for "leader". Is there a "leader" in the "group" that is "leading" this dissension?

Information sign More: Evil training is toilsome work: no pain no gain
Information sign More: Romans: Under the law as in sewer pipes
Information sign More: Coining a customary distribution law of iniquity
Information sign More: Against the law: out-law or in-law
Information sign More: Matthew 20:1-19 Parable of the vineyard workers

11. Matthew 12:2 Not lawful
Matthew 12:2 But when the Pharisees saw it, they said unto him, Behold, thy disciples do that which is not lawful to do upon the sabbath day. [kjv]
οι δε φαρισαιοι ιδοντες ειπαν αυτω ιδου οι μαθηται σου ποιουσιν ο ουκ εξεστιν ποιειν εν σαββατω [gnt]

The Greek word for "lawful" is that of "allowed". As usual, the KJV translates the same Greek word for "look around and observe and compare" as "behold" as two different wards, first as "saw" and then as "behold".

12. Matthew 12:2
   Matthew 12:2 
 All 
KJV: But when the Pharisees saw it, they said unto him, Behold, thy disciples do that which is not lawful to do upon the sabbath day.
Greek: οι δε φαρισαιοι ιδοντες ειπον ειπαν αυτω ιδου οι μαθηται σου ποιουσιν ο ουκ εξεστιν ποιειν εν σαββατω

13. Strongs - read
*G314 *32 ἀναγινώσκω (an-ag-in-oce'-ko) : from G303 and G1097; to know again, i.e. (by extension) to read:--read.
Word usage per chapter Words: αναγινωσκεις=2 αναγινωσκετε αναγινωσκηται αναγινωσκομενας αναγινωσκομενη αναγινωσκομενος αναγινωσκοντες αναγινωσκοντος αναγινωσκων=3 αναγνοντες αναγνους αναγνωναι αναγνωσθη=2 αναγνωσθηναι αναγνωτε ανεγινωσκεν=2 ανεγνωσαν ανεγνωτε=10

14. Matthew 12:3 Jesus responds
Matthew 12:3 But he said unto them, Have ye not read what David did, when he was an hungred, and they that were with him; [kjv]
ο δε ειπεν αυτοις ουκ ανεγνωτε τι εποιησεν δαυιδ οτε επεινασεν και οι μετ αυτου [gnt]

Paraphrase: ... have you not (actually) read ...

Did and hungered
Two words here are similar in sound.
The Greek "na" or "ναι" within the word for "hungered" is that of (Greek) "yes".

15. Matthew 12:3
   Matthew 12:3 
 All 
KJV: But he said unto them, Have ye not read what David did, when he was an hungred, and they that were with him;
Greek: ο δε ειπεν αυτοις ουκ ανεγνωτε τι εποιησεν δαβιδ δαυιδ οτε επεινασεν αυτος και οι μετ αυτου

16. Matthew 12:4 If not
Matthew 12:4 How he entered into the house of God, and did eat the shew bread, which was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them which were with him, but only for the priests? [kjv]
πως εισηλθεν εις τον οικον του θεου και τους αρτους της προθεσεως εφαγον ο ουκ εξον ην αυτω φαγειν ουδε τοις μετ αυτου ει μη τοις ιερευσιν μονοις [gnt]

This is commentary by Jesus about what was happening as a prelude to a discourse.

If not and I am



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Greek: ... if not the priests only.
Play : ... I am the priests only.

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17. Matthew 12:4 Show me the bread
Matthew 12:4 How he entered into the house of God, and did eat the shew bread, which was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them which were with him, but only for the priests? [kjv]
πως εισηλθεν εις τον οικον του θεου και τους αρτους της προθεσεως εφαγον ο ουκ εξον ην αυτω φαγειν ουδε τοις μετ αυτου ει μη τοις ιερευσιν μονοις [gnt]

Sliced bread
The "shew" is inferred. Show me the bread! The ancient Greek word "ἄρτος""cake or loaf of bread" and, in general "bread".
This word for "bread" will show up later in the discourse as part of a play on words.

The Greek word translated as "lawful" is that of "allowed", the "law" being inferred.

Information sign More: Matthew 6:11 Our daily bread

18. Matthew 12:4
   Matthew 12:4 
 All 
KJV: How he entered into the house of God, and did eat the shew bread, which was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them which were with him, but only for the priests?
Greek: πως εισηλθεν εις τον οικον του θεου και τους αρτους της προθεσεως εφαγεν ους εφαγον ο ουκ εξον ην αυτω φαγειν ουδε τοις μετ αυτου ει μη τοις ιερευσιν μονοις

19. Matthew 12:5 Profane the bush
Matthew 12:5 Or have ye not read in the law, how that on the sabbath days the priests in the temple profane the sabbath, and are blameless? [kjv]
η ουκ ανεγνωτε εν τω νομω οτι τοις σαββασιν οι ιερεις εν τω ιερω το σαββατον βεβηλουσιν και αναιτιοι εισιν [gnt]

The ancient Greek word "βέβηλος""not permitted, allowed, public" and is from "βαίνω""go, walk" with reduplicated prefix (for emphasis). The idea is that of not being allowed to walk in something hallowed - the temple.

A synonym is "βατός""possible, accessible". Changing the accent syllable results in "βάτος""thorn bush" (grammatically feminine) or "βάτος""measure (Hebrew)" (grammatically masculine).

20. Strongs - bush
*G942 *5 βάτος (bat'-os) : of uncertain derivation; a brier shrub:--bramble, bush.
Word usage per chapter Words: βατου=4 βατω

The ancient Greek word "βατός""possible, accessible". Changing the accent syllable results in "βάτος""thorn bush" (grammatically feminine) or "βάτος""measure (Hebrew)" (grammatically masculine).

21. Usage - bush
  • *G942 *5 βάτος (bat'-os) : of uncertain derivation; a brier shrub:--bramble, bush.
  •  Usage 
     All 
    • βατου *4
      •   Mark 12:26 ... of Moses, how in the bush God spake unto him, ...
      •   Luke 6:44 ... figs, nor of a bramble bush gather they grapes.
      •   Luke 20:37 ... Moses shewed at the bush, when he calleth the Lord ...
      •   Acts 7:30 ... in a flame of fire in a bush.
    • βατω
      •   Acts 7:35 ... appeared to him in the bush.

22. Luke 20:37 Thorn bush
Luke 20:37 Now that the dead are raised, even Moses shewed at the bush, when he calleth the Lord the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. [kjv]
οτι δε εγειρονται οι νεκροι και μωυσης εμηνυσεν επι της βατου ως λεγει κυριον τον θεον αβρααμ και θεον ισαακ και θεον ιακωβ [gnt]

The ancient Greek word "βατός""possible, accessible". Changing the accent syllable results in "βάτος""thorn bush" (grammatically feminine) or "βάτος""measure (Hebrew)" (grammatically masculine).

23. Luke 20:37
   Luke 20:37 
 All 
KJV: Now that the dead are raised, even Moses shewed at the bush, when he calleth the Lord the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.
Greek: οτι δε εγειρονται οι νεκροι και μωσης μωυσης εμηνυσεν επι της βατου ως λεγει κυριον τον θεον αβρααμ και τον θεον ισαακ και τον θεον ιακωβ

24. Matthew 12:5 Sabbath daze
Matthew 12:5 Or have ye not read in the law, how that on the sabbath days the priests in the temple profane the sabbath, and are blameless? [kjv]
η ουκ ανεγνωτε εν τω νομω οτι τοις σαββασιν οι ιερεις εν τω ιερω το σαββατον βεβηλουσιν και αναιτιοι εισιν [gnt]

Here, the (first) "Sabbaths" is plural and the (second) "Sabbath" is singular. This exact word for "Sabbath" is used only one time by Jesus in Matthew and twice by Jesus in Mark (in the same verse).

25. Mark 2:27-28 Sabbath
Mark 2:27 And he said unto them, The sabbath was made for man, and not man for the sabbath: [kjv]
και ελεγεν αυτοις το σαββατον δια τον ανθρωπον εγενετο και ουχ ο ανθρωπος δια το σαββατον [gnt]
2:28 Therefore the Son of man is Lord also of the sabbath. [kjv]
ωστε κυριος εστιν ο υιος του ανθρωπου και του σαββατου [gnt]

Mark, Peter's Gospel, relates the same ideas.

26. Mark 2:27
   Mark 2:27 
 All 
KJV: And he said unto them, The sabbath was made for man, and not man for the sabbath:
Greek: και ελεγεν αυτοις το σαββατον δια τον ανθρωπον εγενετο και ουχ ο ανθρωπος δια το σαββατον

27. Mark 2:28
   Mark 2:28 
 All 
KJV: Therefore the Son of man is Lord also of the sabbath.
Greek: ωστε κυριος εστιν ο υιος του ανθρωπου και του σαββατου

28. Matthew 12:5
   Matthew 12:5 
 All 
KJV: Or have ye not read in the law, how that on the sabbath days the priests in the temple profane the sabbath, and are blameless?
Greek: η ουκ ανεγνωτε εν τω νομω οτι τοις σαββασιν οι ιερεις εν τω ιερω το σαββατον βεβηλουσιν και αναιτιοι εισιν

29. Greater than the greatest
Matthew 12:6 But I say unto you, That in this place is one greater than the temple. [kjv]
λεγω δε υμιν οτι του ιερου μειζον εστιν ωδε [gnt]

Greek word order: I say then to you that of the temple greater is here. Balance scales tilt rightJesus (and others) on many occasions makes use of comparisons as to one entity being "greater" or "less" than another entity. One can be "weighed in the balance".
This, however, is not the same as "not" "greater" or "not" "less" which allows an "equals". The Latin word "maior""more" and is the source of the English word "major".

The Greek word translated as "place" is that of "here". Who or what is it that is "greater"? For something to be "greater" that to which it is compared is "less".

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30. Strongs - here
*G5602 *60 ὧδε (ho'-deh) : from an adverb form of G3592; in this same spot, i.e. here or hither:--here, hither, (in) this place, there.
Word usage per chapter Words: ωδε=60

Revelation 13:18 Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six. [kjv]
ωδε η σοφια εστιν ο εχων νουν ψηφισατω τον αριθμον του θηριου αριθμος γαρ ανθρωπου εστιν και ο αριθμος αυτου εξακοσιοι εξηκοντα εξ [gnt]


31. Revelation 13:18
 All 
KJV: Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six.
Greek: ωδε η σοφια εστιν ο εχων τον νουν ψηφισατω τον αριθμον του θηριου αριθμος γαρ ανθρωπου εστιν και ο αριθμος αυτου χξς εξακοσιοι εξηκοντα εξ

32. Matthew 12:6
Matthew 12:6 But I say unto you, That in this place is one greater than the temple. [kjv]
λεγω δε υμιν οτι του ιερου μειζον εστιν ωδε [gnt]

You are here
The Greek word translated as "place", not in the Greek, is that of "in this way". The ancient Greek word "ὧδε""in this way, thus" and comes from "ὅδε""this". Of place it would be "here", of time "present".
A context appears to be needed for the word to mean "here". The KJV usually translates this word as "here" so there are places where that context assumption may not fit well.

The Latin word "hic""this one". Another Latin meaning is "hic""here, at this place". Thus, the Greek, without appropriate context, appears to have to do with the "way" or "manner" while the Latin has to do with the "place".

33. Matthew 12:6 Greater
Matthew 12:6 But I say unto you, That in this place is one greater than the temple. [kjv]
λεγω δε υμιν οτι του ιερου μειζον εστιν ωδε [gnt]

Greek word order: I say then to you that of the temple greater is thus (in this manner)

Who is the (inferred) something or someone that is "greater" than the physical "temple" or, perhaps, in the actual text? This might be interpreted using the one cookie rule.

Information sign More: One cookie rule: good to the last drop

34. Matthew 12:6
   Matthew 12:6 
 All 
KJV: But I say unto you, That in this place is one greater than the temple.
Greek: λεγω δε υμιν οτι του ιερου μειζων μειζον εστιν ωδε
Latin: dico autem vobis quia templo maior est hic

35. Matthew 23:17 Fools
Matthew 23:17 Ye fools and blind: for whether is greater, the gold, or the temple that sanctifieth the gold? [kjv]
μωροι και τυφλοι τις γαρ μειζων εστιν ο χρυσος η ο ναος ο αγιασας τον χρυσον [gnt]

Altar 7
Jesus uses the idea of "greater" in terms of "gold" and the "temple".

Jesus calls the religious elite "fools" or, in Aramaic, "raca". Is Jesus then "liable" or in "danger" of the "council"? He will be at the crucifixion.


Information sign More: Matthew 5:22 The danger of brotherly anger
Information sign More: Matthew 23:13-23 Woe to the hypocrites

36. Matthew 12:7
Matthew 12:7 But if ye had known what this meaneth, I will have mercy, and not sacrifice, ye would not have condemned the guiltless. [kjv]
ει δε εγνωκειτε τι εστιν ελεος θελω και ου θυσιαν ουκ αν κατεδικασατε τους αναιτιους [gnt]

The Greek word translated as "meaneth" is that of "is" and is not the Greek word for "mean" as in "meaning".

What Jesus says refers to the "yoke" of "compulsion".

37. Amos 5:21-22 Feast days and holocausts
Amos 5:21 I hate, I despise your feast days, and I will not smell in your solemn assemblies. [kjv]
μεμισηκα απωσμαι εορτας υμων και ου μη οσφρανθω εν ταις πανηγυρεσιν υμων [lxx]
5:22 Though ye offer me burnt offerings and your meat offerings, I will not accept them: neither will I regard the peace offerings of your fat beasts. [kjv]
διοτι και εαν ενεγκητε μοι ολοκαυτωματα και θυσιας υμων ου προσδεξομαι αυτα και σωτηριου επιφανειας υμων ουκ επιβλεψομαι [lxx]


The English word "holocaust" comes, through French and Latin, from the ancient Greek word "ὁλόκαυστος ""wholly burnt" as in a "burnt offering". Note that a hologram is a reality or physics-based phenomena while a fractal (self-similar) object is a logic or information-based phenomena.

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Information sign More: Amos 5: The yoke of compulsion


Information sign More: Other similar differences

38. Barnabas 2.6 Yoke of compulsion
In the Epistle of Barnabas, the writer explains at length, quoting verses such as found in Isaiah (and elsewhere), to point out that Jesus removes the "yoke of compulsion".

English: Therefore he has abolished these things, in order that the new law of our Lord Jesus Christ which is free from the yoke of compulsion, might have its offering, one not made by humans. (Holmes, 2007, p. 383)
Greek: ταυτα ουν κατηργησεν, ινα ο καινος νομος του κυριου ὑμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ἄνευ ζυγοῦ ἀνάγκης, ὤν, μὴ ἀνθρωποποίητον ἔχῃ τὴν προσφοράν. Epistle of Barnabas [2.6]
Any religious establishment that profits from that "yoke of compulsion" would not want the Epistle of Barnabas included in the canon. Another disputed book, Hebrews, was included. Interesting, Hebrews includes many verses that appear to support a "yoke of compulsion" while some verses in the Epistle of Barnabas appear to be mistranslated (to provide continued support for not including it in the canon).

[Amos, Isaiah, Jesus (Matthew 23, etc.)]

Information sign More: Matthew 11:12-14 Exploring the Kingdom of Heaven
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Information sign More: Amos 5: The yoke of compulsion

39. Matthew 11:30 Yoke of compulsion
The lack of need for a religious hierarchy or "yoke" of "compulsion" as Barnabas explains, from the teachings of Jesus about the "kingdom of heaven", would not have appealed to a human sand hierarchy interested in secular power.

Matthew 11:30 For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light. [kjv]
ο γαρ ζυγος μου χρηστος και το φορτιον μου ελαφρον εστιν [gnt]

The Greek for "easy" is that of being "useful" and is a play on words with the Greek word for "Christ". The word "yoke" means, literally, "two going together". The word for "burden" was also a word for "tax". What is the "tax" of the "yoke" of "compulsion"? Think "altars" and "sacrifices" and "money tables".

40. Matthew 12:3,5,7 Play on words
Matthew 12:3 … Have ye not read what David did, … [kjv]
ειπενουκ ανεγνωτεεποιησενεπεινασεν … [gnt]
12:5 Or have ye not read in the law, how … [kjv]
ουκ ανεγνωτενομωσαββασινιερειςιερωσαββατον βεβηλουσιναναιτιοι … [gnt]
12:7 But if ye had known what this meaneth, … [kjv]
ει δε εγνωκειτεεστιν ελεος θελωθυσιανκατεδικασατεαναιτιους [gnt]

Note the play on words in verses 3 and 5 and reemphasized in verse 7, as in yes, that is what I meant. The alpha-negation prefix adds a consonant such as "ν", in a manner similar to the movable nu. This play on words works with the specific verb tense chosen by Jesus.

41. Matthew 12:7
   Matthew 12:7 
 All 
KJV: But if ye had known what this meaneth, I will have mercy, and not sacrifice, ye would not have condemned the guiltless.
Greek: ει δε εγνωκειτε τι εστιν ελεον ελεος θελω και ου θυσιαν ουκ αν κατεδικασατε τους αναιτιους

42. Matthew 12:8 Master of the Sabbath
Matthew 12:8 For the Son of man is Lord even of the sabbath day. [kjv]
κυριος γαρ εστιν του σαββατου ο υιος του ανθρωπου [gnt]

The English word "lord" is from "loaf guarder" or "loaf ward". Try letting the "f" disappear. The English word "loaf" was the word for "bread",

Information sign More: Matthew 16:18 Calling a masterful gathering of outgoing church believers

43. The lord bred to loaf
Matthew 6:11 Give us this day our daily bread. [kjv]
τον αρτον ημων τον επιουσιον δος ημιν σημερον [gnt]
panem nostrum supersubstantialem da nobis hodie [v]
pancadadánoslo hoy. [es]

From the Old English, the word "Lord" comes from the "loaf protector" as in "one who guards the loaves" from "hlaf" (bread) and "weard" (keeper or warder or guardian).
The word "Lady" comes from the "loaf kneader".

The Latin word "panis""bread" and is the source of the name of "Panera Bread", literally "Bread Bread".

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44. Matthew 6:11 Panera Bread
Matthew 6:11 Give us this day our daily bread. [kjv]
τον αρτον ημων τον επιουσιον δος ημιν σημερον [gnt]
panem nostrum supersubstantialem da nobis hodie [v]
pancadadánoslo hoy. [es]

Panera Bread
The Latin word "pane""bread" and is the source of the name of "Panera Bread", literally "Bread Bread". The Spanish word "pan""bread, loaf".
The English word "lord" is from "loaf guarder" or "loaf ward" (try letting the "f" disappear) where "loaf" was the word for "bread", like Latin "f" in "fabulor""speak, talk" which became English fable to Spanish "h" in "hablar""speak".
 
Have you ever been to Punera Bread?


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45. Matthew 12:8
   Matthew 12:8 
 All 
KJV: For the Son of man is Lord even of the sabbath day.
Greek: κυριος γαρ εστιν και του σαββατου ο υιος του ανθρωπου
Latin: dominus est enim Filius hominis etiam sabbati
Wessex: Soðlice mannes sune is eac restes dayges hlaford.
Wycliffe: For mannus Sone is lord, yhe, of the sabat.
Tyndale: For ye sonne of man is lord even of ye saboth daye.
Luther: Des Menschen Sohn ist ein Herr auch über den Sabbat.
Slavonic: господь бо есть и субботы Сын Человеческий.
Russian: ибо Сын Человеческий есть господин и субботы.
Spanish: Porque el Hijo del Hombre es Señor aun del sábado.

46. Matthew 12:9-13 Healing on the Sabbath
Jesus heals on the sabbath and makes some interesting comments.

... more to be added ...

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47. End of page

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