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2 Timothy 3:13-17 All writings are surely written
1. 2 Timothy 3:13-17 All writings are surely written
2. Oracle of Delphi
Confirmation bias is present in the prophecy of the
Oracle of Delphi in response to the Greek
Croesus, King of Lydia, rich from the gold at Sardus (mentioned in the book of Revelation in the Bible as one of the seven churches of ancient times).
Croesus, King of Lydia, wanted to know if he should go to war against Persia under Cyrus the Great (conqueror of Babylon, the morning after Daniel interpreted the handwriting on the wall). The Oracle of Delphi told Croesus that "
if he went to war, a great empire would be destroyed". Like many humans, Croesus heard what he wanted to hear. He went to war, and
his great empire was destroyed (as well as himself).
Herodotus.
The ancient Greek word
" Κροῖσος" ≈ "Croesus".
3. Prophecy and profits
Matthew 11:13 For all the prophets and the law prophesied until John. [kjv]
παντες γαρ οι προφηται και ο νομος εως ιωαννου επροφητευσαν [gnt]
The ancient Greek word
"προφήτης" ≈ "speaker for a god". Paul continues with "
prophecy" and "
tongues". In English, the word for "
prophet" and
"profit" have the same sound. These words are sometimes used to make puns. The Greek words, however, are
different.
1 Corinthians 14:6 Now, brethren, if I come unto you speaking with tongues, what shall I profit you, except I shall speak to you either by revelation, or by knowledge, or by prophesying, or by doctrine? [kjv]
νυν δε αδελφοι εαν ελθω προς υμας γλωσσαις λαλων τι υμας ωφελησω εαν μη υμιν λαλησω η εν αποκαλυψει η εν γνωσει η εν προφητεια η εν διδαχη [gnt]
Why did the IRS audit the church?
It was a church for a profit and they had false profits.
4. 2 Timothy 3:13-17 Context
2 Timothy 3:1-12 Silly women in the she shed (verses before)
2 Timothy 3:13 But evil men and seducers shall wax worse and worse, deceiving, and being deceived. [kjv]
3:14 But continue thou in the things which thou hast learned and hast been assured of, knowing of whom thou hast learned them; [kjv]
3:15 And that from a child thou hast known the holy scriptures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus. [kjv]
3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: [kjv]
3:17 That the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works. [kjv]
5. 2 Timothy 3:13-17 All writings are surely written
2 Timothy 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: [kjv]
πασα γραφη θεοπνευστος και ωφελιμος προς διδασκαλιαν προς ελεγμον προς επανορθωσιν προς παιδειαν την εν δικαιοσυνη [gnt]
omnis scriptura divinitus inspirata et … docendum … arguendum … corrigendum … erudiendum … iustitia [v]
The
KJV (King James Version) translation, like many other English translations, is based on the Latin Vulgate and not the original Greek.
The key word is the Greek word translated as "
profitable". There is
no explicit
verb in the verse and the next verse has one Greek letter that is interpreted as a verb. The English "
for" is more absolute than the Greek "
to" or "
towards".
There were disputed books such as James, Hebrews and Barnabas. Some were accepted into the canon as scripture. Some were excluded.
6. Strongs - profitable
- *G5623 *15 ὠφελέω (o-fel-eh'-o) : from the same as G5622; to be useful, i.e. to benefit:--advantage, better, prevail, profit.
- ωφελει *4
- Matthew 27:24 When Pilate saw that he could prevail nothing, but that rather ...
- Mark 8:36 For what shall it profit a man, if he shall gain ...
- John 6:63 It is the spirit that quickeneth; the flesh profiteth nothing: the words that ...
- Romans 2:25 For circumcision verily profiteth, if thou keep the law: ...
- ωφεληθης *2
- Matthew 15:5 ... his mother, It is a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be profited by me;
- Mark 7:11 ... a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be profited by me; he shall be free.
- ωφεληθησεται
- Matthew 16:26 For what is a man profited, if he shall gain ...
- ωφεληθεισα
- Mark 5:26 ... had, and was nothing bettered, but rather ...
- ωφελειται
- Luke 9:25 For what is a man advantaged, if he gain the whole ...
- ωφελειτε
- John 12:19 ... themselves, Perceive ye how ye prevail nothing? behold, the world ...
- ωφελουμαι
- 1 Corinthians 13:3 ... have not charity, it profiteth me nothing.
- ωφελησω
- 1 Corinthians 14:6 ... speaking with tongues, what shall I profit you, except I shall speak ...
- ωφελησει
- Galatians 5:2 ... if ye be circumcised, Christ shall profit you nothing.
- ωφελησεν
- Hebrews 4:2 ... the word preached did not profit them, not ...
- ωφεληθησαν
- Hebrews 13:9 ... with meats, which have not profited them that have been occupied therein.
- *G5624 *4 ὠφέλιμος (o-fel'-ee-mos) : from a form of G3786; helpful or serviceable, i.e. advantageous:--profit(-able).
- ωφελιμος *3
- 1 Timothy 4:8 For bodily exercise profiteth little: but godliness is profitable unto all things, ...
- 2 Timothy 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for ...
- ωφελιμα
- Titus 3:8 ... are good and profitable unto men.
7. Usage - profitable
*G5623 *15 ὠφελέω (o-fel-eh'-o) : from the same as G5622; to be useful, i.e. to benefit:--advantage, better, prevail, profit.
*G5624 *4 ὠφέλιμος (o-fel'-ee-mos) : from a form of G3786; helpful or serviceable, i.e. advantageous:--profit(-able).
 |
Words: ωφελει=4 ωφελειται ωφελειτε ωφεληθεισα ωφεληθης=2 ωφεληθησαν ωφεληθησεται ωφελησει ωφελησεν ωφελησω ωφελιμα ωφελιμος=3 ωφελουμαι
|
When this Greek word for
"profit" is used as a
verb, the objective function is stated or clear. This Greek word for
"profit" as a
noun (or noun adjective) is used only 1 Timothy, 2 Timothy and Titus. In these cases, the objective function may not be stated nor is it always clear. These uses as a noun are in the three letters to pastors which are often disputed as to authorship. For the sake of argument, it is assumed here that Paul wrote these letters.
"ὠφέλιμος" ≈ "helpful, profitable, beneficial".
"ὠφελέω" ≈ "to help, to be useful, to benefit".
"ὄφελος" ≈ "furtherance, advantage, benefit, help against something".
Let us look at the idea of
"profit" in general and then look at the three verses in the
GNT (Greek New Testament) in which this Greek word for "
profit" is used.
8. Profit
The English word
"profit", in the fields of computer science and business (and other fields) has the same trade-offs as the Greek word when analyzed in that some objective function must be stated or assumed. That objective function is to, within constraints, be maximized or minimized. In doing so, there is a wide latitude for misrepresentation or deception.
Saying: ... X ... is for the good of the people ...
Reality: (almost always) ... X ... is never for the good of the people. Instead, X is for the good of the people saying that X is for the good of the people.
Some people will use the following argument.
Claim: If you invest here, you will make a profit.
Reality: If you invest here, they will get a percentage of the investment as a profit for themselves. Your profit may result in a net loss to yourself.
This, it may cost you more to make that profit than the profit itself.
General rule: Everything is profitable to some extent and with respect to some objective function.
9. Profits and riches
Do not go into business with someone for a share of the profits if they are the ones keeping the books. Sam Snyder
That is, there will never be any profits to share.
Reply to people with who have ideas on how he can make a lot of money with his farm.
I can't afford to be that rich. Sam Snyder
10. The stomach for a gut feeling
Ephesians 1:8 Wherein he hath abounded toward us in all wisdom and prudence; [kjv]
ης επερισσευσεν εις ημας εν παση σοφια και φρονησει [gnt]
Here is a comparison.
logical head knowledge: "σοφός" ≈ "clever, cunning" as in "wisdom".
intuitive gut feeling: "φρόνιμος" ≈ "sensible, mindful" as in "gut feeling".
The ancient Greek word
"φρόνιμος" ≈ "sensible, mindful" and comes from the ancient Greek word
"φρήν" ≈ "midriff, stomach". A
"sensible" approach requires that trade-offs be made.
In relating to his Greek audience, Paul will use the Greek word for "
wise" in the sense that they would know it.
Jesus, however, does not use the Greek word for "
wise" in a good sense. Instead, Jesus uses the word for "
prudent" in a positive manner.
11. Wise and foolish
Many English translations slide the meaning. Why? Here is one example.
Matthew 25:1 Then shall the kingdom of heaven be likened unto ten virgins, which took their lamps, and went forth to meet the bridegroom. [kjv]
25:2 And five of them were wise, and five were foolish. [kjv]
πεντε δε εξ αυτων ησαν μωραι και πεντε φρονιμοι [gnt]
Logical head knowledge:
"σοφός" ≈ "clever, cunning" as in
"wisdom".
English: wise (head knowledge) vs. foolish (stupid)
Intuitive gut feeling:
"φρόνιμος" ≈ "sensible, mindful" as in
"gut feeling".
Greek: sensible/prudent vs. foolish (not sensible/prudent)
The Greek for
"foolish" is that of being
"childish".
12. Economic order quantity
There are many problems for which an
objective function can be specified but that the constraints are such that one must make trade-offs. The
EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) model from management science was developed by Ford W. Harris in 1913, later expanded.
There is a cost to making an order.
Each order can be for one or more items.
There is a discount for ordering more items.
More items requires more of a storage cost.
13. EOQ build
1 Order cost
2 Holding cost
3 Both costs
4 Total cost
5 Flat region
Notice that there are cost for everything. A profit can be made for each possible trade-off. Thus, all are profitable to some extent but some choices are more profitable than others.
14. 1 Timothy 4:8 Exercise restraint
1 Timothy 4:8 For bodily exercise profiteth little: but godliness is profitable unto all things, having promise of the life that now is, and of that which is to come. [kjv]
η γαρ σωματικη γυμνασια προς ολιγον εστιν ωφελιμος η δε ευσεβεια προς παντα ωφελιμος εστιν επαγγελιαν εχουσα ζωης της νυν και της μελλουσης [gnt]
Is "
bodily" "
exercise" "
profitable"? What is the objective function? None is provided but one might be inferred.
Is "
godliness" "
profitable"? What is the objective function? This is added at the end as a "
promise".
The reasoning is similar to that attributed to Aristotle and pointed out as a deception of "
begging the question" or "
assuming the conclusion". In the case of this verse, what Paul is claiming is "
begging the question" in that he is assuming an objective function (for the latter claim) and then using it to support the claim of "
profitable". Logically, then, this verse does not really say anything important.
15. 1 Timothy 4:8
KJV: For bodily exercise profiteth little: but godliness is profitable unto all things, having promise of the life that now is, and of that which is to come.
Greek: η γαρ σωματικη γυμνασια προς ολιγον εστιν ωφελιμος η δε ευσεβεια προς παντα ωφελιμος εστιν επαγγελιαν εχουσα ζωης της νυν και της μελλουσης
16. Exercise
Psalms 23:5 Thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies: thou anointest my head with oil; my cup runneth over. [kjv]
ητοιμασας ενωπιον μου τραπεζαν εξ εναντιας των θλιβοντων με ελιπανας εν ελαιω την κεφαλην μου και το ποτηριον σου μεθυσκον ως κρατιστον [lxx]
When your cup "
runneth" over, you are not really getting exercise. Here are some ways to get exercise.
|
|
Run your mouth.
Jump to conclusions.
Take leaps of faith.
Push your luck.
Carry things too far.
Dodge responsibilities.
Exercise restraint.
|
You get the idea. There are many sayings that use exercise terminology but are not actually about physical exercise.
17. Titus 3:8
Titus 3:8 This is a faithful saying, and these things I will that thou affirm constantly, that they which have believed in God might be careful to maintain good works. These things are good and profitable unto men. [kjv]
πιστος ο λογος και περι τουτων βουλομαι σε διαβεβαιουσθαι ινα φροντιζωσιν καλων εργων προιστασθαι οι πεπιστευκοτες θεω ταυτα εστιν καλα και ωφελιμα τοις ανθρωποις [gnt]
The Greek for "saying" is that of "reasoning".
The Greek translated as "careful" is that of "prudence".
How is the verse changed if the last part "
These things are good and profitable to men" is omitted?
What does Paul mean in that last part? The
dative case here needs
additional English words to clarify the meaning.
☐
These things are good and profitable for men (to see).
☐
These things are good and profitable to do unto men.
Does Paul have a history of using unnecessary words? Does Paul have a history of being unclear in what he is saying?
18. Titus 3:8
KJV: This is a faithful saying, and these things I will that thou affirm constantly, that they which have believed in God might be careful to maintain good works. These things are good and profitable unto men.
Greek: πιστος ο λογος και περι τουτων βουλομαι σε διαβεβαιουσθαι ινα φροντιζωσιν καλων εργων προιστασθαι οι πεπιστευκοτες τω θεω ταυτα εστιν τα καλα και ωφελιμα τοις ανθρωποις
Latin: fidelis sermo est et de his volo te confirmare ut curent bonis operibus praeesse qui credunt Deo haec sunt bona et utilia hominibus
19. Reflexive deception
2 Timothy 3:13 But evil men and seducers shall wax worse and worse, deceiving, and being deceived. [kjv]
πονηροι δε ανθρωποι και γοητες προκοψουσιν επι το χειρον πλανωντες και πλανωμενοι [gnt]
mali … seductores … peius errantes … errorem … [v]
… ubilai … airzjai … airzjandans. [got]
Timothy was Bishop of Ephesus. In 2 Timothy 3:13, Paul warns Timothy of "
evil" men "
deceiving" and "
being deceived". The word for "
evil" appears to be that of being burdened down with the cares and concerns of this world.
Deception can be reflexive in that one may start to believe one's own lies. This often happens when, in deceiving others, one starts to believe the deception being used.
20. Vladimir Lenin
2 Timothy 3:13 But evil men and seducers shall wax worse and worse, deceiving, and being deceived. [kjv]
πονηροι δε ανθρωποι και γοητες προκοψουσιν επι το χειρον πλανωντες και πλανωμενοι [gnt]
Notice that the evil men are deceiving others but, apparently, and reflexively, deceiving themselves. Can deception be done be burdening down people with burdens that may not be necessary?
A lie told often enough becomes the truth. Vladimir Lenin (Russian revolutionary and politician)
21. Evil
2 Timothy 3:13 But evil men and seducers shall wax worse and worse, deceiving, and being deceived. [kjv]
πονηροι δε ανθρωποι και γοητες προκοψουσιν επι το χειρον πλανωντες και πλανωμενοι [gnt]
The Greek for "
evil" is that of "
oppression".
The Greek for "
deceiving" and "
deceived" is that of "
wandering" or "
deviation" as in the word for "
planet" as a "
wandering star".
22. 2 Timothy 3:13
KJV: But evil men and seducers shall wax worse and worse, deceiving, and being deceived.
Greek: πονηροι δε ανθρωποι και γοητες προκοψουσιν επι το χειρον πλανωντες και πλανωμενοι
Latin: mali autem homines et seductores proficient in peius errantes et in errorem mittentes
Wycliffe: But yuele men and disseyueris schulen encreese in to worse, errynge, and sendinge in to errour.
Gothic: ith ubilai mannans jah liutai theihand du wairsizin, airzjai jah airzjandans.
23. 2 Timothy 3:14
2 Timothy 3:14 But continue thou in the things which thou hast learned and hast been assured of, knowing of whom thou hast learned them; [kjv]
συ δε μενε εν οις εμαθες και επιστωθης ειδως παρα τινων εμαθες [gnt]
The Greek for "
continue" is that of "
abide" or "
remain" is the word used in the Meno Paradox.
Why does it matter through whom one learned something?
Provide examples of Jesus saying that one should believe what he said because it was him saying it.
24. 2 Timothy 3:14
KJV: But continue thou in the things which thou hast learned and hast been assured of, knowing of whom thou hast learned them;
Greek: συ δε μενε εν οις εμαθες και επιστωθης ειδως παρα τινος τινων εμαθες
25. 2 Timothy 3:15
2 Timothy 3:15 And that from a child thou hast known the holy scriptures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus. [kjv]
και οτι απο βρεφους ιερα γραμματα οιδας τα δυναμενα σε σοφισαι εις σωτηριαν δια πιστεως της εν χριστω ιησου [gnt]
The word for "
child" is that of a "
newborn infant" or "
fetus". The Greek had only one word for both of these. Timothy had been brought up this way by his mother starting in the womb. The ancient Greek word
"βρέφος" ≈ "unborn baby, baby, infant".
Discuss: Does knowing something since one was a child make that something true?
An even number is complete and is associated with female.
An odd number is lacking or extravagant and is associated with male.
26. 2 Timothy 3:15 Words
2 Timothy 3:15 And that from a child thou hast known the holy scriptures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus. [kjv]
και οτι απο βρεφους ιερα γραμματα οιδας τα δυναμενα σε σοφισαι εις σωτηριαν δια πιστεως της εν χριστω ιησου [gnt]
The "
holy scriptures" appear to be what is called the
OT (Old Testament) as the
NT (New Testament) did not exist in written form at this time.
The Greek for "
able" is that of "
potentiality". These "
holy scriptures" are not "
able" but, rather, have the "
potential" to do what is stated.
27. 2 Timothy 3:15
KJV: And that from a child thou hast known the holy scriptures, which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus.
Greek: και οτι απο βρεφους τα ιερα γραμματα οιδας τα δυναμενα σε σοφισαι εις σωτηριαν δια πιστεως της εν χριστω ιησου
28. 2 Timothy 3:16 This sentence no verb
2 Timothy 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: [kjv]
Is the following a sentence? This sentence no verb.
The verse in 2 Timothy 3:16 no verb.
29. 2 Timothy 3:16
2 Timothy 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: [kjv]
πασα γραφη θεοπνευστος και ωφελιμος προς διδασκαλιαν προς ελεγμον προς επανορθωσιν προς παιδειαν την εν δικαιοσυνη [gnt]
omnis scriptura divinitus inspirata et … docendum … arguendum … corrigendum … erudiendum … iustitia [v]
The Greek translated as "scripture" is that of "writing".
The Greek translated as "inspiration" is that of "breathed".
The Greek translated as "for" is that of "to" or "towards". That is, it is not absolute but will lead in the direction "towards" or "to" the (assumed) destination.
The Greek translated as "profitable" requires and objective function and is seldom absolute but has degrees of truth or value of "profit".
30. 2 Timothy 3:16 Profitable
2 Timothy 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: [kjv]
πασα γραφη θεοπνευστος και ωφελιμος προς διδασκαλιαν προς ελεγμον προς επανορθωσιν προς παιδειαν την εν δικαιοσυνη [gnt]
omnis scriptura divinitus inspirata et … docendum … arguendum … corrigendum … erudiendum … iustitia [v]
"ὠφέλιμος" ≈ "helpful, profitable, beneficial".
"ὠφελέω" ≈ "to help, to be useful, to benefit".
"ὄφελος" ≈ "furtherance, advantage, benefit, help against something".
31. A reproof on the use of the word reproof
2 Timothy 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: [kjv]
πασα γραφη θεοπνευστος και ωφελιμος προς διδασκαλιαν προς ελεγμον προς επανορθωσιν προς παιδειαν την εν δικαιοσυνη [gnt]
omnis scriptura divinitus inspirata et … docendum … arguendum … corrigendum … erudiendum … iustitia [v]
Many people assume that all scripture is good for "
reproof" as in good for "
admonishing" someone.
The Greek word translated as "
reproof" meant more of an "
argument of disproof" as in nicely showing someone the error in their reasoning using "
evidence". The Latin Vulgate word is
"argumentum" ≈ "argument, evidence, proof",
The Greek word for "
refutation" is part of the title of the work by Aristotle called
Sophistic Refutations.
32. 2 Timothy 3:16 Profitable
2 Timothy 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: [kjv]
πασα γραφη θεοπνευστος και ωφελιμος προς διδασκαλιαν προς ελεγμον προς επανορθωσιν προς παιδειαν την εν δικαιοσυνη [gnt]
omnis scriptura divinitus inspirata et … docendum … arguendum … corrigendum … erudiendum … iustitia [v]
The Greek for "
profitable" is that of "
helpful". In context, it could be "
profitable".
33. 2 Timothy 3:16 Instruction
2 Timothy 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: [kjv]
πασα γραφη θεοπνευστος και ωφελιμος προς διδασκαλιαν προς ελεγμον προς επανορθωσιν προς παιδειαν την εν δικαιοσυνη [gnt]
omnis scriptura divinitus inspirata et … docendum … arguendum … corrigendum … erudiendum … iustitia [v]
The word for "
instruction" is the same word for "
little child" or "
servant" or "
student" depending on context. Jesus, Paul, John, etc., use this word for "
little child" as that of a "
believer" of any age.
34. 2 Timothy 3:16 Righteousness
2 Timothy 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: [kjv]
πασα γραφη θεοπνευστος και ωφελιμος προς διδασκαλιαν προς ελεγμον προς επανορθωσιν προς παιδειαν την εν δικαιοσυνη [gnt]
omnis scriptura divinitus inspirata et … docendum … arguendum … corrigendum … erudiendum … iustitia [v]
The Greek word "
righteousness" is that of doing what is "
right" and, as such, is often ambiguous. Which is it?
☐ man's "
righteousness".
☐ God's "
righteousness".
The Latin word is that of "
justice".
35. 2 Timothy 3:16 Scripture
2 Timothy 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: [kjv]
πασα γραφη θεοπνευστος και ωφελιμος προς διδασκαλιαν προς ελεγμον προς επανορθωσιν προς παιδειαν την εν δικαιοσυνη [gnt]
omnis scriptura divinitus inspirata et … docendum … arguendum … corrigendum … erudiendum … iustitia [v]
Some Greek manuscripts add the "
and" which changes the meaning of the text. The "
is given by" is inferred in the English assuming the "
and" should be present.
The Greek for "
all" means "
everything" in the domain of discussion.
36. 2 Timothy 3:16 Scripture
2 Timothy 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: [kjv]
πασα γραφη θεοπνευστος και ωφελιμος προς διδασκαλιαν προς ελεγμον προς επανορθωσιν προς παιδειαν την εν δικαιοσυνη [gnt]
omnis scriptura divinitus inspirata et … docendum … arguendum … corrigendum … erudiendum … iustitia [v]
The only "
scripture" at the time were the "
holy writings" of the
OT. The
NT in written form does not appear to have existed at that time.
Can one justify changing "
all scripture" as in "
all writing" that is "
inspired by God" to include writing that would happen in the future?
Discuss: How does selecting which writing to include or exclude in the "
holy scriptures" influence the meaning of this verse?
37. 2 Timothy 3:16 Profit
2 Timothy 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: [kjv]
πασα γραφη θεοπνευστος και ωφελιμος προς διδασκαλιαν προς ελεγμον προς επανορθωσιν προς παιδειαν την εν δικαιοσυνη [gnt]
omnis scriptura divinitus inspirata et … docendum … arguendum … corrigendum … erudiendum … iustitia [v]
Since "
profit" depends on an objective function and is rarely absolute, the following are both true statements as paraphrases of the above.
... all writings are (to some extent) profitable ... towards ... (goals)
... all writings are (to some extent) not profitable ... towards ... (goals)
What exactly is being said? Who decides?
38. 2 Timothy 3:16
2 Timothy 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: [kjv]
πασα γραφη θεοπνευστος και ωφελιμος προς διδασκαλιαν προς ελεγμον προς επανορθωσιν προς παιδειαν την εν δικαιοσυνη [gnt]
omnis scriptura divinitus inspirata et … docendum … arguendum … corrigendum … erudiendum … iustitia [v]
Instead of generalizing something that is nebulous and leaving it to the opinion of the leader (or false leader) to determine the objective function and what is the "
profit", why not just state outright the "
profit" and "
objective function"? That is, this verse can be misinterpreted or misconstrued in the same way as the following.
... X is for the good of the people ...
39. 2 Timothy 3:16-17
2 Timothy 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: [kjv]
3:17 That the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works. [kjv]
The "
inspiration of God" is, in the Greek, "
God breathed". The "
breathed" is the word used at Pentecost.
Discuss: What are the differences and implications in the following translations?
All scripture is given by inspiration of God and is helpful (to some extent) ...
All scripture that is God-breathed is helpful (to some extent) ...
Which translation is more open to deception, wandering off-track, improper inferences, etc.?
40. 2 Timothy 3:16
KJV: All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness:
Greek: πασα γραφη θεοπνευστος και ωφελιμος προς διδασκαλιαν προς ελεγχον ελεγμον προς επανορθωσιν προς παιδειαν την εν δικαιοσυνη
Latin: omnis scriptura divinitus inspirata et utilis ad docendum ad arguendum ad corrigendum ad erudiendum in iustitia
Wycliffe: For al scripture inspirid of God is profitable to teche, to repreue, to chastice, to lerne in riytwisnes, that the man of God be parfit, lerud to al good werk.
Geneva: For the whole Scripture is giuen by inspiration of God, and is profitable to teache, to conuince, to correct, and to instruct in righteousnesse,
Luther: Denn alle Schrift, von Gott eingegeben, ist nutze zur Lehre, zur Strafe, zur Besserung, zur Züchtigung in der Gerechtigkeit,
41. Commandments and laws
1 God's laws
2 Man's added laws
3 Fulfill
If one violates man's additions to God's law, has one violated the whole/entire law?
Does "
all scripture" include man's additions to God's law?
Greek has several words that, in the English, may be translated as "
fulfill" or "
fill full" and usually involves
adding.
One means "satisfied" (as in eating).
One means "completed" which may involve adding or subtracting. This is "πληρωμα" ≈ "complete, fill full".
"γένηται" ≈ "come into being, take place" from "γίγνομαι" ≈ "come into being, take place".
One means "end" or "purpose" but often translated as "complete" or "perfect".
42. 2 Timothy 3:17
2 Timothy 3:17 That the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works. [kjv]
ινα αρτιος η ο του θεου ανθρωπος προς παν εργον αγαθον εξηρτισμενος [gnt]
This word for "
complete" as in "
even" is used only here in the
GNT and not in the
LXX (Septuagint). Did Paul intend to make a mathematical analogy to
even as
complete (female believer analogies) and
odd as
lacking (male false teacher analogies)?
This is a different Greek word than the one used for "fulfill" or "fill full".
This is a different Greek word than the one used for "purpose" or "end".
43. 2 Timothy 3:17
2 Timothy 3:17 That the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works. [kjv]
ινα αρτιος η ο του θεου ανθρωπος προς παν εργον αγαθον εξηρτισμενος [gnt]
The ancient Greek word
"ἄρτιος" ≈ "complete" as in an "
even number" being
complete. An "
odd number" was considered
lacking or
extravagant.
An even number is complete and is associated with female.
An odd number is lacking or extravagant and is associated with male.
Note the following.
Adding two even numbers always results in an even number.
Adding two odd numbers always results in an even number.
Adding an even number of even numbers always results in an even number.
Adding an odd number of odd numbers always results in an odd number.
44. 2 Timothy 3:16-17
2 Timothy 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: [kjv]
3:17 That the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works. [kjv]
As an informal mathematical proof resulting in a
complete or
even result, consider the following paraphrase.
Paraphrase: For all scripture such that that scripture is God-breathed, that scripture is helpful for ... such that the man of God is complete/even, ready to accomplish any good work.
One common thread in the laundry list of
sins of the last days appears to be that of a breakdown in relationships within the body of believers.
45. Strongs - equipped
- *G1822 *2 ἐξαρτίζω (ex-ar-tid'-zo) : from G1537 and a derivative of G739; to finish out (time); figuratively, to equip fully (a teacher):--accomplish, thoroughly furnish.
- εξαρτισαι
- Acts 21:5 And when we had accomplished those days, we departed and went our way; ...
- εξηρτισμενος
- 2 Timothy 3:17 ... of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works.
46. Usage - equipped
*G1822 *2 ἐξαρτίζω (ex-ar-tid'-zo) : from G1537 and a derivative of G739; to finish out (time); figuratively, to equip fully (a teacher):--accomplish, thoroughly furnish.
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Words: εξαρτισαι εξηρτισμενος
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47. 2 Timothy 3:17
KJV: That the man of God may be perfect, throughly furnished unto all good works.
Greek: ινα αρτιος η ο του θεου ανθρωπος προς παν εργον αγαθον εξηρτισμενος
48. Acts 21:5
Acts 21:5 And when we had accomplished those days, we departed and went our way; and they all brought us on our way, with wives and children, till we were out of the city: and we kneeled down on the shore, and prayed. [kjv]
οτε δε εγενετο εξαρτισαι ημας τας ημερας εξελθοντες επορευομεθα προπεμποντων ημας παντων συν γυναιξιν και τεκνοις εως εξω της πολεως και θεντες τα γονατα επι τον αιγιαλον προσευξαμενοι [gnt]
49. Acts 21:5
KJV: And when we had accomplished those days, we departed and went our way; and they all brought us on our way, with wives and children, till we were out of the city: and we kneeled down on the shore, and prayed.
Greek: οτε δε εγενετο ημας εξαρτισαι ημας τας ημερας εξελθοντες επορευομεθα προπεμποντων ημας παντων συν γυναιξιν και τεκνοις εως εξω της πολεως και θεντες τα γονατα επι τον αιγιαλον προσηυξαμεθα προσευξαμενοι
50. All inspired scripture: security analysis
2 Timothy 3:16 All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness: [kjv]
All scripture is given by inspiration of God and is helpful (to some extent) ...
All scripture that is God-breathed is helpful (to some extent) ...
Which translation is more open to deception, wandering off-track, improper inferences, etc.? A security analysis looks at how an assumed meaning can be exploited by some for their own advantage.
The
KJV and Latin contain the "
and". However, the Greek word for "
and" is
not present in some early Greek manuscripts which changes the meaning of the words.
New Testament text and translation commentary. p. 676. Phillip W. Comfort. Tyndale House Publishers. 2008. In such cases, one should investigate the implications for both possibilities and make decisions accordingly.
51. Bus stop analogy
Bus goes from stop 1 to 2 to 3 to 4.
There are a lot of people getting on at stop 3.
It can be hard to get to the front of the line.
Solution: Walk the short distance to stop 2 and get on, or a longer distance to stop 1 and get on.
Problem solved.
52. Babylon
How did Babylon fall so quickly after Daniel and the Writing on the Wall?
Babylon had strong fortifications and a canal/moat system.
The Persian general diverted the river upstream.
The soldiers waded through the lowered water into the city.
The city fell without much of a battle.
Reported by Herodotus.
53. Encryption
Proper encryption is hard to break.
Solution: Find a way to get into the system before the encryption is done (e.g., at the keyboard level, etc.).
54. General method
General method: Get into the system upstream.
Start with the original texts.
Change the meaning of the words.
Change the dictionaries used to lookup the words.
Decide which text get accepted into the canon.
Convince everyone that all the text (scripture) is inspired and inerrant.
Better yet, select a translation loosely tied to the original language and make that translation inspired and inerrant.
Those believing this appear to fit the description of the captivated women in the house.
55. Thoughts
Idea (taught in the Brethren Church at one time): Control your thoughts or your thoughts will control you.
Deceivers try to get upstream.
Control the thoughts of others and their thoughts will allow you to control them.
Part of this deception is in making those controlled think that it is their own idea.
Some pastors appear to use modern psychology ideas and techniques to plant ideas or dots that help people connect the dots to come to the ideas that that pastor has decided the congregation should reach.
56. Prisoners
The best way to keep a prisoner from escaping is to make sure he never knows he's in prison. Fyodor Dostoevsky (1821-1881), author of
Crime and punishment.
Russian: Фёдор Михайлович Достоевский (1821-1881)
Analogy:
The best way to keep people separated from the love of Christ is to not let them know they have separated themselves from the love of Christ.
One way:
Convince the people that nothing can separate them from the love of Christ. Therefore, they do not need to worry about anything.
57. Solution
One solution to this problem is to recognize that fault tolerant error correcting interpretations are needed.
These method have been studied in computation and information theory.
Claude Shannon
Hamming (codes)
The primary idea is that redundancy can be used both to detect and (help) correct errors in data transmission.
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Details are left as a future topic.
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Historical Bible example: At least two witnesses are needed.
58. End of page
