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The full assurance of information
1. The full assurance of information
Colossians 2:2 That their hearts might be comforted, being knit together in love, and unto all riches of the full assurance of understanding, to the acknowledgement of the mystery of God, and of the Father, and of Christ; [kjv]
ινα παρακληθωσιν αι καρδιαι αυτων συμβιβασθεντες εν αγαπη και εις πλουτος της πληροφοριας της συνεσεως εις επιγνωσιν του μυστηριου του θεου χριστου [gnt]
… plenitudinis … [v]
This came not "
in word only" (that is "
data"), but as (true) "
information".
That their hearts might be comforted, being knit together in love, and unto all riches of the information of understanding, to the acknowledgment of the mystery of God, and of the Father, and of Christ; [Colossians 2:2]
We live in an "
information" age. Previously, the term "
information" was used as the verb "
to inform". That is, one is "
informed" that such and such is true - what we now call "
information". The modern Greek word for "
information" is the word used in the
GNT (Greek New Testament) as "
full assurance".
2. Colossians 2:2
KJV: That their hearts might be comforted, being knit together in love, and unto all riches of the full assurance of understanding, to the acknowledgement of the mystery of God, and of the Father, and of Christ;
Greek: ινα παρακληθωσιν αι καρδιαι αυτων συμβιβασθεντων συμβιβασθεντες εν αγαπη και εις παντα πλουτον παν πλουτος της πληροφοριας της συνεσεως εις επιγνωσιν του μυστηριου του θεου και πατρος και του χριστου
Latin: ut consolentur corda ipsorum instructi in caritate et in omnes divitias plenitudinis intellectus in agnitionem mysterii Dei Patris Christi Iesu
3. 1 Thessalonians 1:5 Information
1 Thessalonians 1:5 For our gospel came not unto you in word only, but also in power, and in the Holy Ghost, and in much assurance; as ye know what manner of men we were among you for your sake. [kjv]
οτι το ευαγγελιον ημων ουκ εγενηθη εις υμας εν λογω μονον αλλα και εν δυναμει και εν πνευματι αγιω και εν πληροφορια πολλη καθως οιδατε οιοι εγενηθημεν υμιν δι υμας [gnt]
… plenitudine … [v]
The modern Greek word
"πληροφορίες" (plee-ro-fo-REE-ehs) ≈ "information" or
"πληροφορία" (plee-ro-fo-REE-a) ≈ "information" is the same word used in the
GNT and which the
KJV (King James Version) translates as "
full assurance". How do the verses sound when updated with what we now call "
information"?
For our gospel came not unto you in word only, but also in power, and in the Holy Ghost, and as information; as ye know what manner of men we were among you for your sake. [1 Thessalonians 1:5]
4. 1 Thessalonians 1:5
KJV: For our gospel came not unto you in word only, but also in power, and in the Holy Ghost, and in much assurance; as ye know what manner of men we were among you for your sake.
Greek: οτι το ευαγγελιον ημων ουκ εγενηθη εις υμας εν λογω μονον αλλα και εν δυναμει και εν πνευματι αγιω και εν πληροφορια πολλη καθως οιδατε οιοι εγενηθημεν εν υμιν δι υμας
Latin: quia evangelium nostrum non fuit ad vos in sermone tantum sed et in virtute et in Spiritu Sancto et in plenitudine multa sicut scitis quales fuerimus vobis propter vos
5. Hebrews 6:11 Information
Hebrews 6:11 And we desire that every one of you do shew the same diligence to the full assurance of hope unto the end: [kjv]
επιθυμουμεν δε εκαστον υμων την αυτην ενδεικνυσθαι σπουδην προς την πληροφοριαν της ελπιδος αχρι τελους [gnt]
6. Hebrews 6:11
KJV: And we desire that every one of you do shew the same diligence to the full assurance of hope unto the end:
Greek: επιθυμουμεν δε εκαστον υμων την αυτην ενδεικνυσθαι σπουδην προς την πληροφοριαν της ελπιδος αχρι τελους
7. Hebrews 10:22 Information
Hebrews 10:22 Let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience, and our bodies washed with pure water. [kjv]
προσερχωμεθα μετα αληθινης καρδιας εν πληροφορια πιστεως ρεραντισμενοι τας καρδιας απο συνειδησεως πονηρας και το σωμα υδατι καθαρω [gnt]
… plenitudine … [v]
This verse appears to be a motivation for the Fanny Crosby hymn "
I am thine, O Lord".
8. Hebrews 10:22
KJV: Let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience, and our bodies washed with pure water.
Greek: προσερχωμεθα μετα αληθινης καρδιας εν πληροφορια πιστεως ερραντισμενοι ρεραντισμενοι τας καρδιας απο συνειδησεως πονηρας και λελουμενοι λελουσμενοι το σωμα υδατι καθαρω
Latin: accedamus cum vero corde in plenitudine fidei aspersi corda a conscientia mala et abluti corpus aqua munda
9. Introduction
We are said to be in the "
information age".
What is data?
What is information?
What is the difference?
Is that difference important?
There are many ways to define data and information, so whenever those terms are used, it is best to determine the exact definition being used.
What follows is one way to define data and information, as might be done in the field of computer science.
10. Data and information
Data is a faithful model of everything of concern. It general, it consists of all the atoms in the universe, their positions, momentums, etc.
Information is data that becomes useful, or has value, in same way. Implicit in the definition of information is some intelligence that can discern the value of the information.
11. Example
The measured temperature, pressure, etc., of every point on earth (or a large collection of such points) is data (as a model of those points).
By appropriate models, one can more accurately predict the weather in the near future and less accurately predict the weather in the more distant future. This information can be valuable - to some intelligent entity who can appropriately use that information.
12. Point of view
Whether something is more like data or more like information depends on one's point of view.
Consider transmitting an audio signal over a phone line.
To the phone company, the signal is data. Their goal is to reliably transfer the information from one specified point to another point such that the original signal can be sufficiently reconstructed to be recognized.
The two people conversing using a phone and phone line, the signal is valuable information - valuable enough to pay an amount every month to send and receive these signals.
13. Data and information
So appropriately processing data can result in that data being viewed as information.
By definition, information faithfully represents the data in the desired/specified way. If not, then the term "
bad information" is used.
14. Claude Shannon and information
Claude Shannon did his master's thesis in 1939. It was on how to build a working digital computer - none had ever been built before.
Claude Shannon, in the 1950's, used the term "
information" to describe the statistical properties of data transmitted from one place to another. He was working for the telephone company AT&T at Bell Labs in order to improve the quality of phone calls. He founded the modern field of (statistical) information - he was not overly concerned with the meaning of the "
data" that he called "
information".
Previously, the term "
information" was used as the verb "
to inform". That is, one is "
informed" that such and such is true - what we now call "
information".
15. Quantum information
The field of "quantum information" defines what is here called "data" as "information". However, defining everything as "information" is not very useful. In such cases, one may need to use the term "coded information" (or some other concept) to separate "everything" in general from "something" specific of interest.
16. Information and data
The "
information" requires some intelligence or understanding to make sense of the "
data".
And we desire that every one of you do shew the same diligence to the information of hope unto the end: [Hebrews 6:11]
Hope requires some intelligence to comprehend and understand the "
information".
Let us draw near with a true heart in the information of faith, having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience, and our bodies washed with pure water. [Hebrews 10:22]
Again, a "
true heart" refers to some intelligence to comprehend and understand the "
information".
17. John 3:27 Data
18. John 3:27
KJV: John answered and said, A man can receive nothing, except it be given him from heaven.
Greek: απεκριθη ιωαννης και ειπεν ου δυναται ανθρωπος λαμβανειν ουδεν εαν μη η δεδομενον αυτω εκ του ουρανου
Latin: respondit Iohannes et dixit non potest homo accipere quicquam nisi fuerit ei datum de caelo
19. John 6:65 Data
John 6:65 And he said, Therefore said I unto you, that no man can come unto me, except it were given unto him of my Father. [kjv]
και ελεγεν δια τουτο ειρηκα υμιν οτι ουδεις δυναται ελθειν προς με εαν μη η δεδομενον αυτω εκ του πατρος [gnt]
… datum … [v]
20. John 6:65
KJV: And he said, Therefore said I unto you, that no man can come unto me, except it were given unto him of my Father.
Greek: και ελεγεν δια τουτο ειρηκα υμιν οτι ουδεις δυναται ελθειν προς με εαν μη η δεδομενον αυτω εκ του πατρος μου
Latin: et dicebat propterea dixi vobis quia nemo potest venire ad me nisi fuerit ei datum a Patre meo
21. John 19:11 Data
John 19:11 Jesus answered, Thou couldest have no power at all against me, except it were given thee from above: therefore he that delivered me unto thee hath the greater sin. [kjv]
απεκριθη αυτω ιησους ουκ ειχες εξουσιαν κατ εμου ουδεμιαν ει μη ην δεδομενον σοι ανωθεν δια τουτο ο με σοι μειζονα αμαρτιαν εχει [gnt]
… datum … [v]
22. John 19:11
KJV: Jesus answered, Thou couldest have no power at all against me, except it were given thee from above: therefore he that delivered me unto thee hath the greater sin.
Greek: απεκριθη ο αυτω ιησους ουκ ειχες εξουσιαν ουδεμιαν κατ εμου ουδεμιαν ει μη ην σοι δεδομενον σοι ανωθεν δια τουτο ο παραδιδους παραδους με σοι μειζονα αμαρτιαν εχει
Latin: respondit Iesus non haberes potestatem adversum me ullam nisi tibi esset datum desuper propterea qui tradidit me tibi maius peccatum habet
23. Acts 4:12 Data
Acts 4:12 Neither is there salvation in any other: for there is none other name under heaven given among men, whereby we must be saved. [kjv]
και ουκ εστιν εν αλλω ουδενι η σωτηρια ουδε γαρ ονομα εστιν ετερον υπο τον ουρανον το δεδομενον εν ανθρωποις εν ω δει σωθηναι ημας [gnt]
… datum … [v]
24. Acts 4:12
KJV: Neither is there salvation in any other: for there is none other name under heaven given among men, whereby we must be saved.
Greek: και ουκ εστιν εν αλλω ουδενι η σωτηρια ουτε ουδε γαρ ονομα εστιν ετερον υπο τον ουρανον το δεδομενον εν ανθρωποις εν ω δει σωθηναι ημας
Latin: et non est in alio aliquo salus nec enim nomen aliud est sub caelo datum hominibus in quo oportet nos salvos fieri
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