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Cherishing a heated discussion of enthalpy
by RS  admin@creationpie.org : 1024 x 640


1. Cherishing a heated discussion of enthalpy
In 1909, Heike Onnes coined the term "enthalpy" from the Greek prefix "εν- " (to match "energy" and "entropy") and the Greek word "θάλπο" to describe the ability of a system to perform work.

2. The actual potency and inner workings of energy
Verse routeGalatians 3:5 He therefore that ministereth to you the Spirit, and worketh miracles among you, doeth he it by the works of the law, or by the hearing of faith? [kjv]
Verse routeο ουν επιχορηγων υμιν το πνευμα και ενεργων δυναμεις εν υμιν εξ εργων νομου η εξ ακοης πιστεως [gnt]

Energy is a word and concept that has ancient roots but had a different meaning in ancient times. Aristotle first used the ancient Greek word "ενέργεια""actuality" for "actuality", literally, "in working".

The ancient Greek word "δύναμις""power, might, strength, potentiality" and is used by Aristotle for something that has "potential". The root word is "work" and is used many times in the LXX (Septuagint) and GNT (Greek New Testament).

Information sign More: The actual potency and inner workings of energy

3. Definition
Technically, the enthalpy H of a system is the internal energy U and the work needed to achieve its pressure b and volume V.

For a system consisting of subsystems, the enthalpy of the entire system is the combined sum of the enthalpies of all of the subsystems.

4. Word
Heike Onnes coined a word that did not actually exist in Greek. The ancient Greek word "θάλπο" (THAL-po) ≈ "warm, glowing" did exist and is related to the modern Greek word "θαλυκρός" (tha-lee-KROS) ≈ "hot, glowing".

This word (and related words) do appear in the LXX and the GNT in various forms.

5. Paul
The word "cherish", from the KJV, has a sense of "heat" or "warmth".

When Paul uses the words translated as "cherish" in the following verses, can a sense of "warmth" make sense in what he wrote?

Note the terms involving "nourish" as that is a common theme in the use of the word.

6. Ephesians 5:29
 All 
KJV: For no man ever yet hated his own flesh; but nourisheth and cherisheth it, even as the Lord the church:
Greek: ουδεις γαρ ποτε την εαυτου σαρκα εμισησεν αλλ αλλα εκτρεφει και θαλπει αυτην καθως και ο κυριος χριστος την εκκλησιαν
Latin: nemo enim umquam carnem suam odio habuit sed nutrit et fovet eam sicut et Christus ecclesiam
Wycliffe: for no man hatide euere his owne fleisch, but nurischith and fostrith it, as Crist doith the chirche.
Gothic: ni auk manna hvanhun sein leik fijaida, ak fodeith ita jah warmeith swaswe jah xristus aikklesjon. . . .
We often associate "cold" flesh with "dead" flesh - figuratively or in reality.

7. 1 Thessalonians 2:7
 All 
KJV: But we were gentle among you, even as a nurse cherisheth her children:
Greek: αλλ αλλα εγενηθημεν ηπιοι νηπιοι εν μεσω υμων ως αν εαν τροφος θαλπη τα εαυτης τεκνα
Latin: cum possimus oneri esse ut Christi apostoli sed facti sumus lenes in medio vestrum tamquam si nutrix foveat filios suos
Wycliffe: nether of othere, whanne we, as Cristis apostlis, miyten haue be in charge to you. But we weren maad litle in the myddil of you, as if a nursche fostre hir sones;
The modern Greek word "τέκνον" (TEH-knon) ≈ "child" from the modern Greek word "τίκτω" (TEE-kto) ≈ "bear" as in the "bearing" of a child.

Mothers are often described as having a "warm" relationship with their children.

8. David and warmth
Many older folks will feel cold even in an otherwise warm environment.

In David's old age, a young maiden was used to "warm" him where the KJV word is "cherish".

9. 1 Kings 1:2
   1 Kings 1:2 
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KJV: Wherefore his servants said unto him, Let there be sought for my lord the king a young virgin: and let her stand before the king, and let her cherish him, and let her lie in thy bosom, that my lord the king may get heat.
Hebrew: ויאמרו לו עבדיו יבקשו לאדני המלך נערה בתולה ועמדה לפני המלך ותהי לו סכנת ושכבה בחיקך וחם לאדני המלך׃
Greek: και ειπον οι παιδες αυτου ζητησατωσαν τω κυριω ημων τω βασιλει παρθενον νεανιδα και παραστησεται τω βασιλει και εσται αυτον θαλπουσα και κοιμηθησεται μετ αυτου και θερμανθησεται ο κυριος ημων ο βασιλευς
Latin: dixerunt ergo ei servi sui quaeramus domino nostro regi adulescentulam virginem et stet coram rege et foveat eum dormiatque in sinu tuo et calefaciat dominum nostrum regem
The Greek root word "θερμή" (thehr-MEE) ≈ "heat" is used here, from which we get English words such as "thermal". "thermos", etc., and which may be related to "warm".

The Latin word "calidum""warm" from which we get the English word "calorie" is in a unit of heat.

The Latin word "calefaciat""keep warm" is in the above verse.

The Latin word "foveo""keep warm, nurture, cherish" from which we get the English word "favor" from the Latin word "faveo""good will, favor" which is related to "foveo".

10. 1 Kings 1:4
   1 Kings 1:4 
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KJV: And the damsel was very fair, and cherished the king, and ministered to him: but the king knew her not.
Hebrew: והנערה יפה עד מאד ותהי למלך סכנת ותשרתהו והמלך לא ידעה׃
Greek: και η νεανις καλη εως σφοδρα και ην θαλπουσα τον βασιλεα και ελειτουργει αυτω και ο βασιλευς ουκ εγνω αυτην
A related word is the modern Greek word "θάλψις" (THAL-psees) ≈ "warm up, heat" which comes from "θάλπω" (adding the "s" sound after the "p" sound).

11. Job 39:13
   Job 39:13 
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KJV: Gavest thou the goodly wings unto the peacocks? or wings and feathers unto the ostrich?
Hebrew: כנף רננים נעלסה אם אברה חסידה ונצה׃
Greek: πτερυξ τερπομενων νεελασα εαν συλλαβη ασιδα και νεσσα

12. Job 39:14
   Job 39:14 
 All 
KJV: Which leaveth her eggs in the earth, and warmeth them in dust,
Hebrew: כי תעזב לארץ בציה ועל עפר תחמם׃
Greek: οτι αφησει εις γην τα ωα αυτης και επι χουν θαλψει
Latin: quando derelinquit in terra ova sua tu forsitan in pulvere calefacis ea
Wycliffe: which ostrige forsakith hise eirun in the erthe, in hap thou schalt make tho hoot in the dust.
Luther: der seine Eier auf der Erde lässet und läßt sie die heiße Erde ausbrüten.
Wycliffe uses the Middle English word "hoot""hot" which is related to "heat".

The German word "ausbrüten""incubate, hatch" from which the English word "brood" is cognate. Deuteronomy, literally, "second law", has many rules. Here is a verse before the verse that mentions "θάλπη".

13. Deuteronomy 22:5
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KJV: The woman shall not wear that which pertaineth unto a man, neither shall a man put on a woman's garment: for all that do so are abomination unto the LORD thy God.
Hebrew: לא יהיה כלי גבר על אשה ולא ילבש גבר שמלת אשה כי תועבת יהוה אלהיך כל עשה אלה׃
Greek: ουκ εσται σκευη ανδρος επι γυναικι ουδε μη ενδυσηται ανηρ στολην γυναικειαν οτι βδελυγμα κυριω τω θεω σου εστιν πας ποιων ταυτα
Discussion question: Does this rule apply today? Should it apply today?

We are here interested in the following rule.

14. Deuteronomy 22:6
 All 
KJV: If a bird's nest chance to be before thee in the way in any tree, or on the ground, whether they be young ones, or eggs, and the dam sitting upon the young, or upon the eggs, thou shalt not take the dam with the young:
Hebrew: כי יקרא קן צפור לפניך בדרך בכל עץ או על הארץ אפרחים או ביצים והאם רבצת על האפרחים או על הביצים לא תקח האם על הבנים׃
Greek: εαν δε συναντησης νοσσια ορνεων προ προσωπου σου εν τη οδω η επι παντι δενδρει η επι της γης νεοσσοις η ωοις και η μητηρ θαλπη επι των νεοσσων η επι των ωων ου λημψη την μητερα μετα των τεκνων
The word translated "sitting" in the KJV corresponds to the modern Greek word "θάλπη" (THAL-pee) ≈ "heat".

The the Middle English word "dam""dame or mother" and usually of animals or, in this case, birds. The modern Greek word "μητέρα" (mee-TEH-ra) ≈ "mother" is related to the English word "mother"

So if a mother is sitting on a nest of eggs, heating them, one is not to take the mother.

Note that the modern Greek word "τέκνων" (TEH-knon) ≈ "young" is the same word as "child" above (hatched or not hatched, born or unborn).

15. Deuteronomy 22:7
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KJV: But thou shalt in any wise let the dam go, and take the young to thee; that it may be well with thee, and that thou mayest prolong thy days.
Hebrew: שלח תשלח את האם ואת הבנים תקח לך למען ייטב לך והארכת ימים׃
Greek: αποστολη αποστελεις την μητερα τα δε παιδια λημψη σεαυτω ινα ευ σοι γενηται και πολυημερος εση
The modern ecological movement and animal rights movement might applaud this rule. In my area, a small road had a special bridge built under it to allow certain turtles to move back and forth to lay and hatch eggs.

The modern Greek word "παιδιά" (peh-thee-A) ≈ "children" and, as used here, refers to both the born chicks and the ones that have not yet hatched.

Discussion question: How does the modern view change when the nest egg is a unborn baby and the mother is the hen "heating" the unborn "egg"?

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by RS  admin@creationpie.org : 1024 x 640