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Matthew 7:1-2 Here comes the judge, but just barley
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1. Matthew 7:1
   Matthew 7:1 
 All 
KJV: Judge not, that ye be not judged.
Greek: μη κρινετε ινα μη κριθητε
Latin: nolite iudicare ut non iudicemini
Wessex: Nolite iudicare ut non iudicabimini. R. Nellen ge demen. þaet ge ne syen fordemde.
Wycliffe: Nile ye deme, `that ye be not demed; for in what doom ye demen,
Tyndale: Iudge not that ye be not iudged.
Luther: Richtet nicht, auf daß ihr nicht gerichtet werdet!
Slavonic: Не судите, да не судими будете:

2. Matthew 7:2
   Matthew 7:2 
 All 
KJV: For with what judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again.
Greek: εν ω γαρ κριματι κρινετε κριθησεσθε και εν ω μετρω μετρειτε αντιμετρηθησεται μετρηθησεται υμιν
Latin: in quo enim iudicio iudicaveritis iudicabimini et in qua mensura mensi fueritis metietur vobis
Wessex: Witodlice þam ilcan dome. þe ge demeð. eow beoð ge-demed. & on þam ylcan gemette þe ge meteð. eow beð ge-meten.

3. Matthew 7:1-2 Here comes the judge, but just barley
Verse routeMatthew 7:1 Judge not, that ye be not judged. [kjv]
Verse route7:2 For with what judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again. [kjv]

Barley is a cereal grain, known from ancient times, that has many uses. The usual process is to seed it, grow it, harvest it, break it up, and winnow to separate the grain (fruit) from the chaff so that the grain can be used.
The ancient Greek word "κρίνω""separate" appears to be the related to "κριθή""barley" in that the grain needed to be separated to be used - allowing a play on words "κριθήτε""judged" as used by Jesus. The "separation" is related to the English word "rinse" and the Latin word "discernere""separate, divide, distinguish, discern" which is the source of the English word "discern". The Latin word is from the Latin word "cernere""to separate".

Since separation is an important and sometimes misunderstood part of the three-step judgment process (separation of guilt or innocence, sentence, punishment) the connections can be interesting in, say, the context of Matthew 7.

4. Selecting a discerning judgment
Verse routeMatthew 7:1 Judge not, that ye be not judged. [kjv]
Verse routeμη κρινετε ινα μη κριθητε [gnt]

And some people think that by not judging others they will not be judged.

Unfortunately, the Greek word translated for "judge" has several meanings in English, none of which is the primary meaning in the time of the GNT (Greek New Testament). The use of the Latin word "iudico""judge, decide, condemn" has influenced the change from (undirected) "separation" to (directed) "judge".

It appears that the word for "separate", and related words in other branches of the PIE (Proto Indo-European) language tree come from or are related to the word for "barley".

5. Separate
Verse routeMatthew 7:1 Judge not, that ye be not judged. [kjv]
Verse routeμη κρινετε ινα μη κριθητε [gnt]

The ancient Greek word "κρίνω""separate, distinguish" such as separating truth from fiction, innocent from guilty, good from bad, etc. This word is from the PIE root "*KREY""sift, separate, divide" from which the following derive.

6. Diagram
Linguistic diagram of separate

7. Judging the shampoo method for rinse
Repeat words Repeat 4
The algorithm for using shampoo is often given as follows.
One can do it again, and again, and again, etc. When does one stop? Taken literally, this algorithm has no termination condition. Perhaps they want to sell more shampoo.

How many times does one need to be "born again"? What part is the same and what part is different? Fill the pews?

Information sign More: John 3:1-17 Born from the beginnings
Information sign More: Variations of born again in other words

8. Church music repetition
Verse routeMatthew 6:7 But when ye pray, use not vain repetitions, as the heathen do: for they think that they shall be heard for their much speaking. [kjv]
Verse routeπροσευχομενοι δε μη βατταλογησητε ωσπερ οι εθνικοι δοκουσιν γαρ οτι εν τη πολυλογια αυτων εισακουσθησονται [gnt]
Verse route6:8 Be not ye therefore like unto them: for your Father knoweth what things ye have need of, before ye ask him. [kjv]
Verse routeμη ουν ομοιωθητε αυτοις οιδεν γαρ ο θεος ο πατηρ υμων ων χρειαν εχετε προ του υμας αιτησαι αυτον [gnt]

The next verse starts the "Lord's Prayer". How many people, pastors, churches repeat the same thing again and again? There has been a trend in music in general and church music in specific ways for worship songs to use "vain repetition" of "much speaking" or "many words" repetition.

Information sign More: Matthew 6:7-8 Vain repetitions of vain repetitions

9. Church music repetition
Verse routeMatthew 6:7 But when ye pray, use not vain repetitions, as the heathen do: for they think that they shall be heard for their much speaking. [kjv]
Verse routeπροσευχομενοι δε μη βατταλογησητε ωσπερ οι εθνικοι δοκουσιν γαρ οτι εν τη πολυλογια αυτων εισακουσθησονται [gnt]



The 1975 #1 disco hit song, part of which goes "Oh that's the way, uh-huh, uh-huh, I like it. uh-huh uh-huh." (repeat with variations without end) by KC and the Sunshine Band, contains what is, to many, empty words, repeated ad-nauseam
Some modern church music takes the cross, blood, even Jesus out of the lyrics. Some pastors try to reduce the blood to one drop.

Information sign More: John 6:53-61 Misinterpretation and the disappearing blood
Information sign More: The one drop of blood salvation fallacy
Information sign More: Matthew 6:7-8 Vain repetitions of vain repetitions
Information sign More: Empty words

10. Endocrinology
Verse routeMatthew 7:1 Judge not, that ye be not judged. [kjv]
Verse routeμη κρινετε ινα μη κριθητε [gnt]

Endocrinology is the study of hormones. The English word "endocrine", as in "endocrine gland", comes from two Greek words.

11. Pilate
Verse routeMatthew 7:1 Judge not, that ye be not judged. [kjv]
Verse routeμη κρινετε ινα μη κριθητε [gnt]

When Pilate encounters Jesus, he has (at least) three parts in the judgment process. The first of these is what the Greek word "judge" or "separate", is concerned with in Matthew 7:1.

12. Judging related Greek words
Verse routeMatthew 7:1 Judge not, that ye be not judged. [kjv]
Verse routeμη κρινετε ινα μη κριθητε [gnt]

Divide into two parts 1. "κρίνω""separate" which is related to "κριθη""barley". "ἀποκρίνω""answer a question" by separating (judging).
Didache life and death 2. "κρίμα""decision, sentence" related to "crime". "κρίσις""decision, determination" source of "crisis".
What do you see? 3. "κατακρίμα""enforcement of penalty". "κριτής""judge" may be involved in all three parts of the process.
Pilate has power to do all three parts. The only "separation" in Matthew 7 is that of who is going through the "narrow gate" (heaven) or remaining in the "wide area" (hell).

13. Matthew 7:2 Judgment Day as Doomsday
Verse routeMatthew 7:2 For with what judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again. [kjv]
Verse routedomedemeðge-demedgemettemeteðge-meten. [wes]

The Middle English word "doom""judgment" and the Old English word "dome""judgment" and are the source of the English word "doomsday" is in "judgment day".

The translation of "judge" as a directed action is from the undirected action of "separate".

In the same manner, the translation of "measure" as a directed action is from the undirected action of "distance" or that of "exactness".

14. Matthew 7:2 Measures
Verse routeMatthew 7:2 For with what judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again. [kjv]
Verse routeεν ω γαρ κριματι κρινετε κριθησεσθε και εν ω μετρω μετρειτε μετρηθησεται υμιν [gnt]
Verse routeiudicio iudicaveritis iudicabiminimensura mensimetietur … [v]

Golden ruler
The ancient Greek word "μέτρον""measure, distance" represents a continuous range of "distance" values and could be length, width, breadth, etc.

15. Aristotle: Metaphysics
English: And hence in the other classes too measure means that by which each is first known, and the measure of each is a unit - in length, in breadth, in depth, in weight, in speed.
Greek: ἐντεῦθεν δὲ καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἄλλοις λέγεται μέτρον τε ᾧ ἕκαστον πρώτῳ γιγνώσκεται, καὶ τὸ μέτρον ἑκάστου ἕν, ἐν μήκει, ἐν πλάτει, ἐν βάθει, ἐν βάρει, ἐν τάχει Metaphysics [1052b]
The ancient Greek word "ταχύς""quick, rapid, soon" where "soon" requires a context to support that meaning. Adding "μέτρον""measure, distance" results in the English word "tachometer".
In Revelation, the word for "quick" as in "speed" is translated "soon" as in (it will happen that) "Jesus is coming back soon" instead of (when it happens) "Jesus is coming back quickly".

In Ephesians, Paul adds "height" to "length", "breadth" and "depth"

Information sign More: Come quickly: sooner or later
Information sign More: Ephesians 3:18 : From lowest depth to highest height

16. Strongs - measure

17. Usage - measure
*G3354 *11 μετρέω (met-reh'-o) : from G3358; to measure (i.e. ascertain in size by a fixed standard); by implication, to admeasure (i.e. allot by rule):--figuratively, to estimate:--measure, mete.
*G3358 *14 μέτρον (met'-ron) : an apparently primary word; a measure ("metre"), literally or figuratively; by implication, a limited portion (degree):-- measure.
Word usage per chapter Words: εμετρησεν=2 μετρειτε=3 μετρηθησεται=2 μετρηση μετρησης μετρησον μετρον=8 μετρου=2 μετρουντες μετρω=4


18. Man as a measure
Foot ruler
The ancient Greek word "μέτρον""measure, distance".
The ancient Greek word "δόξα""opinion, expectation" had a philosophical meaning of "opinion" as in Plato's character "Πρωταγόρας""Protagoras" (c. 490 - 420 BC) who says that "πάντων χρημάτων ἄνθρωπον μέτρον εἶναι ""man is the measure of all things".

That is, man is the ultimate source of (relative) morality rather than a god with unchanging moral rules. This is often taken as a statement about relativism and humanism and is counter to knowledge and philosophical wisdom.

An associated meaning was that of "appearance" where "opinion" and "appearance" often go together.

Information sign More: Equivocation deception between names and meanings

19. Matthew and Luke
Verse routeMatthew 7:1 Judge not, that ye be not judged. [kjv]
Verse routeμη κρινετε ινα μη κριθητε [gnt]

Verse routeLuke 6:37 Judge not, and ye shall not be judged: condemn not, and ye shall not be condemned: forgive, and ye shall be forgiven: [kjv]
Verse routeκαι μη κρινετε και ου μη κριθητεκαι μη καταδικαζετε και ου μη καταδικασθητε απολυετε και απολυθησεσθε [gnt]

Luke appears to repeat Matthew but adds "condemn" which is not in Matthew and appears to go against what Jesus said in general. That is, there are many things one can do to be "condemned" in "judgment" or "separation" by God without actually "condemning" others. Luke is repeating what people remembered from twenty-some years earlier.

Discuss: Does it make sense to say that if you do not "condemn" anyone you will not be "condemned" (regardless of what you do otherwise)?

The word translated "forgive" is not the usual word for "forgive".

Future topic Details are left as a future topic.


20. Luke 6:37
   Luke 6:37 
 All 
KJV: Judge not, and ye shall not be judged: condemn not, and ye shall not be condemned: forgive, and ye shall be forgiven:
Greek: και μη κρινετε και ου μη κριθητεκαι μη καταδικαζετε και ου μη καταδικασθητε απολυετε και απολυθησεσθε
Latin: nolite iudicare et non iudicabimini nolite condemnare et non condemnabimini dimittite et dimittemini

21. Usage - judge
*G2919 *109 κρίνω (kree'-no) : properly, to distinguish, i.e. decide (mentally or judicially); by implication, to try, condemn, punish:--avenge, conclude, condemn, damn, decree, determine, esteem, judge, go to (sue at the) law, ordain, call in question, sentence to, think.
Note that the primary or proper definition is that of distinguishing something an in selecting into (usually) two groups: good or bad, true or false, innocent or guilty, etc.

The accusation, condemnation, punishment, etc., was not the primary meaning at the time, but narrowed later to fit with what else was said by Jesus and what later theologians decided might fit better (for whatever purposes and) for what they had decided the text meant.

Information sign More: Strong's concordance: good and bad aspects

22. Judging and forgiving
Verse routeLuke 6:37 Judge not, and ye shall not be judged: condemn not, and ye shall not be condemned: forgive, and ye shall be forgiven: [kjv]
Verse routeκαι μη κρινετε και ου μη κριθητεκαι μη καταδικαζετε και ου μη καταδικασθητε απολυετε και απολυθησεσθε [gnt]

Luke 6:37 brings out the distinction between various aspects of judging, adding ideas that are not in Matthew. In the GNT, the words for "forgive" and "let go" and "leave" or "suffer" are the same Greek word but are sometimes translated the same. Luke uses a different word that is translated as "forgive"

Information sign More: Matthew: Forgive the modern psychology bait and switch

23. Barley
The English word "barley" which is from the Middle English word "barli""barley" which is from the Old English word "bærlīċ""barley".

These words are from the general English word "bere" which is related to the English word "brew".
The interest here, however, is not in the English word for "barley" but the Greek word for "barley".

24. Barley barn
Barn
The English word "barn" comes from the Middle English word "berne""barn" which comes from the Old English word "bern""barn".

The original meaning was that of a compound of the Old English word "berene""barley" and the Old English word "ærn""dwelling" as in a "barn".

That is, the word "barn" is a shortened form of "barley dwelling".

25. Job 39:12 Corn crib
Verse routeJob 39:12 Wilt thou believe him, that he will bring home thy seed, and gather it into thy barn? [kjv]
Verse routeπιστευσεις δε οτι αποδωσει σοι τον σπορον εισοισει δε σου τον αλωνα [lxx]
Verse routeaream … [v]
Verse routecornfloor… [wy]

A "corn crib" was like a barn but used primarily for "corn". Today most people are more familiar with a "baby crib" than a "corn crib". The Latin word "aream""area" is the source of the English word "area".
The Greek here is that of "threshing floor" which is the source of the English word "halo" and is related to another Greek word meaning "rainbow" or "halo".

Information sign More: Rainbows and the toxic arrow of time

26. Job 39:12

   Job 39:12 
 All 
KJV: Wilt thou believe him, that he will bring home thy seed, and gather it into thy barn?
Hebrew: התאמין בו כי ישוב זרעך וגרנך יאסף׃
Greek: πιστευσεις δε οτι αποδωσει σοι τον σπορον εισοισει δε σου τον αλωνα
Latin: numquid credes ei quoniam reddat sementem tibi et aream tuam congreget
Wycliffe: Whether thou schalt bileue to hym, that he schal yelde seed to thee, and schal gadere togidere thi cornfloor?

27. Proverbs and Luke
Verse routeProverbs 14:4 Where no oxen are, the crib is clean: but much increase is by the strength of the ox. [kjv]
Verse routeου μη εισιν βοες φατναι καθαραι ου δε πολλα γενηματα φανερα βοος ισχυς [lxx]

The etymology of "crib" appears to be superficially related to the Greek word for "barley" but no firm connection has been found. The word "crib" may be related to the ancient Greek word "γρῖφος""fishing basket" and used by Aristophanes as a word for "riddle". The modern Greek word "γρίφος" (GHREE-fos) ≈ "puzzle".

The Greek word for "crib" is that used for the "crib" for baby Jesus at the birth.

Verse routeLuke 2:12 And this shall be a sign unto you; Ye shall find the babe wrapped in swaddling clothes, lying in a manger. [kjv]
Verse routeκαι τουτο υμιν σημειον ευρησετε βρεφος εσπαργανωμενον και κειμενον εν φατνη [gnt]



Information sign More: The truth about a lying baby

28. Proverbs 14:4
 All 
KJV: Where no oxen are, the crib is clean: but much increase is by the strength of the ox.
Hebrew: באין אלפים אבוס בר ורב תבואות בכח שור׃
Greek: ου μη εισιν βοες φατναι καθαραι ου δε πολλα γενηματα φανερα βοος ισχυς
Luther: Wo nicht Ochsen sind, da ist die Krippe rein; aber wo der Ochse geschäftig ist, da ist viel Einkommens.

29. Greek word
The ancient Greek word "κριθή""barley" and is a grain that needs to be separated to be used.

An interesting second definition of this Greek word is that of "postule" on the eye as in a "stye".

One can image the winnowing process whereby someone's eye got irritated because they got a "barley eye" which eventually gets shortened to (in context) that they got a "barley".

A word as, for example, a noun, can often be used as a verb, adjective, adverb, etc.

30. Matthew 7:2
Verse routeMatthew 7:2 For with what judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again. [kjv]
Verse routeεν ω γαρ κριματι κρινετε κριθησεσθε και εν ω μετρω μετρειτε μετρηθησεται υμιν [gnt]
Verse routeiudicio iudicaveritis iudicabiminimensura mensimetietur … [v]

In Matthew 7 terms, the words for "separate" and "barley" are very close (as in a pun) and the very next verses talk about the "splinter" or "mote" in the eye as in a "barley eye".

31. Judging words
Word usage per chapter Words: εκριθη εκριθησαν=2 εκρινα=3 εκρινας=2 εκρινεν=2 εκρινομεθα κεκρικα=2 κεκρικατε κεκρικει κεκρικεν κεκριμενα κεκριται=2 κριθηναι=3 κριθησεσθε=1 κριθησονται κριθητε=3 κριθωσι κριθωσιν κριναι κριναντας κριναντες=2 κριναντος κρινας κρινατε=6 κρινει=13 κρινειν=3 κρινεις=4 κρινεσθαι=5 κρινεται=5 κρινετε=9 κρινετω=2 κρινη κρινομαι=3 κρινομενοι κρινομενος κρινοντα=2 κρινοντες=2 κρινοντι κρινουμεν κρινουσιν κρινω=8 κρινωμεν κρινων=8


32. Punishment
A Greek word that is related to "honor" is the ancient Greek word "τιμωρία""punishment" that comes from two Greek words. The modern Greek word "τιμωρία" (tee-mo-REE-a) ≈ "punishment".

33. Matthew 7:1-2 Separate and distance
Verse routeMatthew 7:1 Judge not, that ye be not judged. [kjv]
Verse routeμη κρινετε ινα μη κριθητε [gnt]
Verse route7:2 For with what judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again. [kjv]
Verse routeεν ω γαρ κριματι κρινετε κριθησεσθε και εν ω μετρω μετρειτε μετρηθησεται υμιν [gnt]

The KJV (King James Version) translates as "judge" the ancient Greek word"κρίνω""separate, distinguish" as in a "divide" or "separate" that results in a discrete "yes" or "no" answer such as "guilty" or "not guilty".

The ancient Greek word "μέτρον""measure" represents a continuous range of "distance" values.

Note that, as in computer science reasoning, if there is no "separation" then the "distance" is not important since the "distance" would be zero or nothing. One then need not even consider "distance". The same type of reasoning is in the following verses having to do with "twigs" or "motes" and "beams".

34. Parts of speech
Matthew 7:1
Strong Used Unique Word Part of speech
G3361 1029 1021 μη participle negative
G2919 112 9 κρινετε verb present active imperative 2nd person plural
G2443 665 665 ινα conjunction
G3361 1029 1021 μη participle negative
G2919 112 3 κριθητε verb aorist passive subjunctive 2nd person plural
Matthew 7:2
Strong Used Unique Word Part of speech
G1722 2735 2735 εν preposition
G3739 1398 121 ω relative pronoun dative singular neuter
G1063 1033 1032 γαρ conjunction
G2917 27 2 κριματι noun dative singular neuter
G2919 112 9 κρινετε verb present active indicative 2nd person plural
G2919 112 1 κριθησεσθε verb future indicative passive 2nd person plural
G2532 8954 8954 και conjunction
G1722 2735 2735 εν preposition
G3739 1398 121 ω relative pronoun dative singular neuter
G3358 14 4 μετρω noun dative singular neuter
G3354 11 3 μετρειτε verb present active indicative 2nd person plural
G3354 11 2 μετρηθησεται verb future passive indicative 3rd person singular
G5210 1802 595 υμιν personal pronoun 2nd person dative plural
Many take the second person plural and apply the rule to each person in the group. The group connection from Matthew 18:15-17 appears to apply the rule to the groups. In the Matthew 18 context (not just these verses), the phrase "better together" can have negative consequences where "better apart" may fit better.

35. Blinding flash of the obvious
SeparateIn perhaps a "blinding flash of the obvious", the following connections to Matthew 7:1-2 are observed.
Verse routeMatthew 7:1 Judge not, that ye be not judged. [kjv]
Verse route7:2 For with what judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again. [kjv]
Verse routeiudicio iudicaveritis iudicabiminimensura mensimetietur … [v]

If you (plural, by implication group) "separate" as in "judge" then you (group) will be "separated" (discrete measure), for better or worse.
If you (plural, by implication group) "distance" yourself as in "measure", then you (group) will be "distanced" (continuous measure), for better or worse.

An important "separation" is that of separating oneself from the love of Christ.

Information sign More: Romans 8: Battle cry separation for the love of Christ (part 1)
Information sign More: Romans 8: Battle cry separation for the love of Christ (part 2)
Information sign More: Matthew 18:15-17 Conflicting and faulty resolutions

36. Separation and decision
Some interesting verses in the GNT are often translated as "judge" which is often interpreted in the modern English sense rather than in the more restricted ancient Greek sense.

Whisper chain
This appears to have possibly come through Latin in a "whisper game" whereby subtle changes to the meaning happen over time such as the Latin having multiple meanings, one of which is the original Greek meaning and later translators taking another Latin meaning as the original meaning.

Information sign More: Whisper game

37. John 3:19
Verse routeJohn 3:19 And this is the condemnation, that light is come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil. [kjv]
Verse routeαυτη δε εστιν η κρισις οτι το φως εληλυθεν εις τον κοσμον και ηγαπησαν οι ανθρωποι μαλλον το σκοτος η το φως ην γαρ αυτων πονηρα τα εργα [gnt]
Verse routeiudicium … [v]
Verse routedom … [wes]
Verse routedom… [wy]

In this and the following verses, think of the "judge" or "condemnation" as a "separation" process, such as in the parable of the sheep and goats.

Information sign More: Matthew 25: 31-46 Parable of the sheep and goats

38. John 3:19
   John 3:19 
 All 
KJV: And this is the condemnation, that light is come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil.
Greek: αυτη δε εστιν η κρισις οτι το φως εληλυθεν εις τον κοσμον και ηγαπησαν οι ανθρωποι μαλλον το σκοτος η το φως ην γαρ πονηρα αυτων πονηρα τα εργα
Latin: hoc est autem iudicium quia lux venit in mundum et dilexerunt homines magis tenebras quam lucem erant enim eorum mala opera
Wessex: þaet ys se dom þaet leoht com on middan-eard. & men lufeden þeostre swiðor þonne þaet leoht. Heora werc waeren yfele.
Wycliffe: And this is the dom, for liyt cam in to the world, and men loueden more derknessis than liyt; for her werkes weren yuele.

39. John 8:16
Verse routeJohn 8:16 And yet if I judge, my judgment is true: for I am not alone, but I and the Father that sent me. [kjv]
Verse routeκαι εαν κρινω δε εγω η κρισις η εμη αληθινη εστιν οτι μονος ουκ ειμι αλλ εγω και ο πεμψας με πατηρ [gnt]
Verse routeiudicoiudicium … [v]
Verse routedemedom … [wes]
Verse routedemedoom … [wy]


40. John 8:16
   John 8:16 
 All 
KJV: And yet if I judge, my judgment is true: for I am not alone, but I and the Father that sent me.
Greek: και εαν κρινω δε εγω η κρισις η εμη αληθης αληθινη εστιν οτι μονος ουκ ειμι αλλ εγω και ο πεμψας με πατηρ
Latin: et si iudico ego iudicium meum verum est quia solus non sum sed ego et qui me misit Pater
Wessex: & gyf ich deme; min dom ys soð. For-þan þe ich ne eom äne. ac ich & se fader þe me sende.
Wycliffe: and if Y deme, my doom is trewe, for Y am not aloone, but Y and the fadir that sente me.

41. John 12:31
Verse routeJohn 12:31 Now is the judgment of this world: now shall the prince of this world be cast out. [kjv]
Verse routeνυν κρισις εστιν του κοσμου τουτου νυν ο αρχων του κοσμου τουτου εκβληθησεται εξω [gnt]
Verse routeiudiciumeicietur … [v]
Verse routedomaworpen. [wes]
Verse routedoomcast out. [wy]

In this verse, compare the "cast out" with the casting out of the mote in the eye of a brother.

Information sign More: Matthew 7:3-5 Beams and motes: the devil is in the details

42. John 12:31
   John 12:31 
 All 
KJV: Now is the judgment of this world: now shall the prince of this world be cast out.
Greek: νυν κρισις εστιν του κοσμου τουτου νυν ο αρχων του κοσμου τουτου εκβληθησεται εξω
Latin: nunc iudicium est mundi nunc princeps huius mundi eicietur foras
Wessex: Nu ys middan-eardes dom. nu beod þises middan-eardes ealdor ut aworpen.
Wycliffe: Now is the doom of the world, now the prince of this world schal be cast out.

43. Hebrews 9:27
Verse routeHebrews 9:27 And as it is appointed unto men once to die, but after this the judgment: [kjv]
Verse routeκαι καθ οσον αποκειται τοις ανθρωποις απαξ αποθανειν μετα δε τουτο κρισις [gnt]
Verse routeiudicium [v]


44. Hebrews 9:27
   Hebrews 9:27 
 All 
KJV: And as it is appointed unto men once to die, but after this the judgment:
Greek: και καθ οσον αποκειται τοις ανθρωποις απαξ αποθανειν μετα δε τουτο κρισις
Latin: et quemadmodum statutum est hominibus semel mori post hoc autem iudicium
Tyndale: And as it is apoynted vnto men that they shall once dye and then commeth the iudegement even

45. James 2:13
Verse routeJames 2:13 For he shall have judgment without mercy, that hath shewed no mercy; and mercy rejoiceth against judgment. [kjv]
Verse routeη γαρ κρισις ανελεος τω μη ποιησαντι ελεος κατακαυχαται ελεος κρισεως [gnt]
Verse routeiudiciumiudicio [v]
Verse routedomdom. [wy]

The Middle English word "dom""judgment" and is the source of the English word "doomsday".

46. James 2:13
   James 2:13 
 All 
KJV: For he shall have judgment without mercy, that hath shewed no mercy; and mercy rejoiceth against judgment.
Greek: η γαρ κρισις ανιλεως ανελεος τω μη ποιησαντι ελεος και κατακαυχαται ελεος κρισεως
Latin: iudicium enim sine misericordia illi qui non fecit misericordiam superexultat autem misericordia iudicio
Wycliffe: For whi dom with out merci is to hym, that doith no mercy; but merci aboue reisith dom.
Geneva: For there shalbe condemnation merciles to him that sheweth not mercie, and mercie reioyceth against condemnation.

47. First Clement
English: For he said this: Show mercy, so that you may receive mercy; forgive, so that you may be forgiven. As you do, so shall it be done to you. As you give, so shall it be given to you. As you judge, so shall you be judged. As you show kindness, so shall kindness be shown to you. With the measure you use it will be measured to you. (Holmes, 2007, p. 61)
Greek: οὕτως γὰρ εἶπεν· Ἐλεᾶτε, ἵνα ἐλεηθῆτε· ἀφίετε, ἵνα ἀφεθῇ ὑμῖν· ... ὡς χρηστεύεσθε, οὕτως ψρηστευθήσεται ὑμῖν· ᾧ μέτρῳ μετρεῖτε, ἐν αὐτῷ μετρηθήσεται ὑμῖν. First Clement [13.2]
Note: Some of the Greek does not appear to have been in WikiSource.

It may be a translation issue, but the English does not appear to logically follow from what Jesus said in the GNT. Specifically, using the KJV and "judge" (the others appear similar).

48. Polycarp to the Philippians
Polycarp repeats what Jesus said. It is not clear how the meanings of words and what the words were thought to have meant, changed in the 150 years since Jesus said the words (e.g., as recorded by Matthew).

English: Do not judge, so that you may not be judged; forgive, and you will be forgiven; show mercy, so that you may be shown mercy; with the measure you use, it will be measured back to you. (Holmes, 2007, p. 283)
Greek: Μὴ κρίνετε, ἵνα μὴ κριθῆτε· ἀφίετε, καὶ ἀφεθήσεται ὑμῖν· ἐλεεῖτε, ἵνα ἐλεηθῆτε· ᾧ μέτρῳ μετρεῖτε, ἀντιμετρηθήσεται ὑμῖν· Polycary to the Philippians [2.3]

49. Epistle to Diognetus
English: for compulsion is no attribute of God. When he sent him, he did so as one calling, not pursuing; when he sent him, he did so as one loving, not judging. For he will send him as a judge, and who will endure his coming? (Holmes, 2007, p. 707)
Greek: βία γὰρ οὐ πρόσεστι τῷ ... ὡς ἀγαπῶν, οὐ κρίνων. πέμψει γὰρ αὐτὸν κρίνοντα· καὶ τίς αὐτοῦ τὴν παρουσίαν ὑπουσίαν ὑποστήσεται; . Epistle to Diognetus [8.4-8.6]
Note: Some of the Greek does not appear to have been in WikiSource.

This "freedom from compulsion" appears to be one factor in a disputed book or text not being accepted by the religious authorities.

Future topic Details are left as a future topic.


50. John 7:23-24
Verse routeJohn 7:23 If a man on the sabbath day receive circumcision, that the law of Moses should not be broken; are ye angry at me, because I have made a man every whit whole on the sabbath day? [kjv]
Verse routeει περιτομην λαμβανει ο ανθρωπος εν σαββατω ινα μη λυθη ο νομος μωυσεως εμοι χολατε οτι ολον ανθρωπον υγιη εποιησα εν σαββατω [gnt]

Verse route7:24 Judge not according to the appearance, but judge righteous judgment. [kjv]
Verse routeμη κρινετε κατ οψιν αλλα την δικαιαν κρισιν κρινετε [gnt]
Verse routeiudicarefaciemiustum iudicium iudicate [v]

Point of view is important. The Latin uses almost the same word for "judge" and "righteous".

51. John 7:23
   John 7:23 
 All 
KJV: If a man on the sabbath day receive circumcision, that the law of Moses should not be broken; are ye angry at me, because I have made a man every whit whole on the sabbath day?
Greek: ει περιτομην λαμβανει ο ανθρωπος εν σαββατω ινα μη λυθη ο νομος μωσεως μωυσεως εμοι χολατε οτι ολον ανθρωπον υγιη εποιησα εν σαββατω

52. John 7:24
   John 7:24 
 All 
KJV: Judge not according to the appearance, but judge righteous judgment.
Greek: μη κρινετε κατ οψιν αλλα την δικαιαν κρισιν κρινατε κρινετε
Latin: nolite iudicare secundum faciem sed iustum iudicium iudicate

53. Exactness of measurement
Verse routeMatthew 7:2 For with what judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again. [kjv]
Verse routeεν ω γαρ κριματι κρινετε κριθησεσθε και εν ω μετρω μετρειτε μετρηθησεται υμιν [gnt]
Verse routeiudicio iudicaveritis iudicabiminimensura mensimetietur … [v]

Here are some interesting observations on the exactness of measurement as applied to Matthew 7:2. These notes will later be integrated into the above discussion.

Foot rulerThe ancient Greek word "μέτρον""measure, distance" but the word can be used in the sense of "exactness". Aristotle does this.

Paraphrase: and with the exactness that you use, that exactness shall be applied to you.

This paraphrase can be compared and contrasted to the "trespasses" or "stupid things" from the previous chapter.

54. Aristotle: On Memory and Recollection
English: The impulse relating to time is of two kinds. Sometimes one remembers a fact without an exact estimate of time, such as that one did so and so the day before yesterday, and sometimes with an exact estimate; but it is still an act of memory. (Loeb#288, p. 309)
Greek: ἡ δὲ τοῦ χρόνου διττή ἐστιν. ὁτὲ μὲν γὰρ μέτρῳ οὐ μέμνηται αὐτόν, οἷον ὅτι τρίτῃ ἡμέρᾳ ὁδήποτε ἐποίησεν, ὁτὲ δὲ καὶ μέτρῳ. ἀλλὰ μέμνηται καὶ ἐὰν μὴ μέτρῳ. [458a]
English: Men are accustomed to say that they remember an occurrence, but that they do not know when it occurred, when they do not know the length of the period exactly. (Loeb#288, p. 309)
Greek: εἰώθασι δὲ λέγειν ὅτι μέμνηνται μέν, πότε μέντοι οὐκ ἴσασιν, ὅταν μὴ γνωρίζωσι τοῦ πότε τὸ ποσὸν μέτρῳ. … [458a]

55. Matthew 6:14-15 Going astray in pursuit
Verse routeMatthew 6:14 For if ye forgive men their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you: [kjv]
Verse routeεαν γαρ αφητε τοις ανθρωποις τα παραπτωματα αυτων αφησει και υμιν ο πατηρ υμων ο ουρανιος [gnt]
Verse route6:15 But if ye forgive not men their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses. [kjv]
Verse routeεαν δε μη αφητε τοις ανθρωποις τα παραπτωματα αυτων ουδε ο πατηρ υμων αφησει τα παραπτωματα υμων [gnt]

The word often translated as "trespass" is the ancient Greek word "παράπτωσις""impetuous pursuit, going astray". The parts of the word mean, literally, going "beyond falling" as in "fault" of imperfection. A general English phrase for this might be "stupid things" that are done (by you or others).

Information sign More: Going beyond the prefix para
Information sign More: Matthew 5:3 The good news about being poor in spirit
Information sign More: Matthew 6: 14-15: Forget about the debts, sins and trespasses

56. Forgiveness hierarchy
Things - forgive Forgiveness hierarchy
Here is a forgiveness hierarchy, perhaps exaggerated at the outer level.
Which is easier? Which is harder? Discuss: What implication does this have for advocating political or social change?

Information sign More: Matthew 6: 14-15: Forget about the debts, sins and trespasses

57. End of page

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